{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1502863503","doi":null,"title":"Principles of Optics : Electromagnetic theory of propagation","display_name":"Principles of Optics : Electromagnetic theory of propagation","publication_year":1970,"publication_date":"1970-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1502863503","mag":"1502863503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1502863503","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008611650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104357209","display_name":"Max Born","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Max Born","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4807-0211","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104357209"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":545,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0956513,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"190","last_page":"194"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11683","display_name":"Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11683","display_name":"Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13126","display_name":"Scientific Research and Discoveries","score":0.03370000049471855,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14311","display_name":"Electrical and Electromagnetic Research","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-theory","display_name":"electromagnetic theory","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-wave-propagation","display_name":"electromagnetic wave propagation","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"optics","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-fields","display_name":"electromagnetic fields","score":0.5789999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984039729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11406","display_name":"Electromagnetic theory","level":2,"score":0.6603779196739197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149773537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12969754","display_name":"Electromagnetic radiation","level":2,"score":0.5032638907432556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28843909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177625","display_name":"Electromagnetic field","level":2,"score":0.4831625819206238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.47855597734451294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110277352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467980","display_name":"Geometrical optics","level":2,"score":0.4631938338279724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154236941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942347","display_name":"Physical optics","level":2,"score":0.43494874238967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3925287425518036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35551002621650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.11360326409339905}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1502863503","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/10008611650","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2991469232","https://openalex.org/W3008978786","https://openalex.org/W3036886641","https://openalex.org/W3213272023","https://openalex.org/W2516595657","https://openalex.org/W2970642676","https://openalex.org/W3032133101","https://openalex.org/W2798363201","https://openalex.org/W3016635087","https://openalex.org/W1641804301"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":24},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":30}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}