{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1502802052","doi":null,"title":"The Political Power of Diaspora as External Actors in Armed Civil Conflict: Ethnonationalist Conflict-Generated Diaspora Use of Social Media in Transnational Political Engagement in Homeland Conflict: The Case of Rwanda.","display_name":"The Political Power of Diaspora as External Actors in Armed Civil Conflict: Ethnonationalist Conflict-Generated Diaspora Use of Social Media in Transnational Political Engagement in Homeland Conflict: The Case of Rwanda.","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1502802052","mag":"1502802052"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/6417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401846","display_name":"Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","host_organization_name":"University of Bradford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6417","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069811735","display_name":"Michelle E. Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-0587","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-0587"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michelle E. Martin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4303-0587","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069811735"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11648","display_name":"Diaspora, migration, transnational identity","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11648","display_name":"Diaspora, migration, transnational identity","score":0.9179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10070","display_name":"Political Conflict and Governance","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12263","display_name":"Peacebuilding and International Security","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-nationalism","display_name":"ethnic nationalism","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"social media","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rwanda","display_name":"Rwanda","score":0.5139999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diasporic-networks","display_name":"diasporic networks","score":0.5879999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genocide-denial","display_name":"genocide denial","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propaganda","display_name":"propaganda","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peacebuilding","display_name":"peacebuilding","score":0.5429999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778611045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133004","display_name":"Diaspora","level":2,"score":0.920910120010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778880830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16513600","display_name":"Homeland","level":3,"score":0.8555190563201904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.7707195281982422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.7035854458808899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5875842571258545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.5199976563453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.4631570875644684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.458491712808609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.25820377469062805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15246057510375977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/6417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401846","display_name":"Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","host_organization_name":"University of Bradford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:1502802052","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://bradscholars.brad.ac.uk/handle/10454/6417?show=full","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:bradscholars.brad.ac.uk:10454/6417","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6417","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401846","display_name":"Bradford Scholars (University of Bradford)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139894009","host_organization_name":"University of Bradford","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139894009"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":112,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15133193","https://openalex.org/W424806866","https://openalex.org/W577253879","https://openalex.org/W591136216","https://openalex.org/W610354805","https://openalex.org/W976924018","https://openalex.org/W1224080848","https://openalex.org/W1252921852","https://openalex.org/W1479991102","https://openalex.org/W1481749447","https://openalex.org/W1501768518","https://openalex.org/W1533959867","https://openalex.org/W1536103245","https://openalex.org/W1537633018","https://openalex.org/W1537881835","https://openalex.org/W1542962097","https://openalex.org/W1547838594","https://openalex.org/W1553235586","https://openalex.org/W1581498763","https://openalex.org/W1582937623","https://openalex.org/W1602841651","https://openalex.org/W1603684725","https://openalex.org/W1804133969","https://openalex.org/W1908002080","https://openalex.org/W1916847230","https://openalex.org/W1951008065","https://openalex.org/W1971446071","https://openalex.org/W1973069887","https://openalex.org/W1977584419","https://openalex.org/W1977692162","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1981213776","https://openalex.org/W1985749074","https://openalex.org/W1986909938","https://openalex.org/W1990769557","https://openalex.org/W1994491768","https://openalex.org/W1998035409","https://openalex.org/W2000531788","https://openalex.org/W2001012025","https://openalex.org/W2003960119","https://openalex.org/W2011003653","https://openalex.org/W2012551162","https://openalex.org/W2017418380","https://openalex.org/W2026776291","https://openalex.org/W2027510608","https://openalex.org/W2028760497","https://openalex.org/W2030226669","https://openalex.org/W2032307192","https://openalex.org/W2038086987","https://openalex.org/W2038089528","https://openalex.org/W2039737384","https://openalex.org/W2044314231","https://openalex.org/W2045366430","https://openalex.org/W2046575940","https://openalex.org/W2048037919","https://openalex.org/W2054435418","https://openalex.org/W2061839234","https://openalex.org/W2064582373","https://openalex.org/W2072388361","https://openalex.org/W2074560190","https://openalex.org/W2085757357","https://openalex.org/W2087095803","https://openalex.org/W2087690081","https://openalex.org/W2089294381","https://openalex.org/W2089466517","https://openalex.org/W2089558067","https://openalex.org/W2090694956","https://openalex.org/W2097415531","https://openalex.org/W2101647920","https://openalex.org/W2102737100","https://openalex.org/W2103218983","https://openalex.org/W2106255227","https://openalex.org/W2110592515","https://openalex.org/W2113398473","https://openalex.org/W2114328973","https://openalex.org/W2114799960","https://openalex.org/W2116306321","https://openalex.org/W2122757622","https://openalex.org/W2123735144","https://openalex.org/W2125675093","https://openalex.org/W2127134065","https://openalex.org/W2129078673","https://openalex.org/W2133674686","https://openalex.org/W2134444707","https://openalex.org/W2139269648","https://openalex.org/W2140595283","https://openalex.org/W2141425015","https://openalex.org/W2145576440","https://openalex.org/W2145849419","https://openalex.org/W2159191507","https://openalex.org/W2162983477","https://openalex.org/W2167940296","https://openalex.org/W2169936529","https://openalex.org/W2170816415","https://openalex.org/W2181384167","https://openalex.org/W2182207974","https://openalex.org/W2268895659","https://openalex.org/W2285597629","https://openalex.org/W2300426101","https://openalex.org/W2486390790","https://openalex.org/W2491799660","https://openalex.org/W2576297379","https://openalex.org/W2591903476","https://openalex.org/W2727221418","https://openalex.org/W2889783960","https://openalex.org/W3021330653","https://openalex.org/W3122074090","https://openalex.org/W3124051341","https://openalex.org/W3133910424","https://openalex.org/W3141795530","https://openalex.org/W3217500259","https://openalex.org/W4248393289"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095334808","https://openalex.org/W2953678914","https://openalex.org/W3004100326","https://openalex.org/W4308496523","https://openalex.org/W3085087277","https://openalex.org/W2920786101","https://openalex.org/W3014428513","https://openalex.org/W4365452994","https://openalex.org/W7056402115","https://openalex.org/W7164361619"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"explores":[2],"the":[3,18,44,49,95,101,105,110,175,201],"power":[4],"of":[5,20,52,109,131,145,150,177,188,194],"ethnonationalist":[6],"conflict-generated":[7],"diasporas":[8],"\\n(CGD)":[9],"as":[10,35,43],"external":[11],"actors":[12],"in":[13,76,91,104,122,167],"homeland":[14,92,146],"conflict":[15,102,169,209],"by":[16],"exploring":[17],"nature":[19],"their":[21,97],"\\npolitical":[22],"engagement":[23],"on":[24,100,170],"a":[25,36,142,148,171,178,186],"transnational":[26,182],"level":[27,173],"using":[28,55],"Internet":[29],"Communication":[30],"\\ntechnologies":[31],"(ICTs),":[32],"with":[33,127,200],"Rwanda":[34],"case":[37,129],"study.":[38],"Virtual":[39],"ethnography":[40],"was":[41],"\\nchosen":[42],"research":[45],"methodology":[46],"to":[47,61,78,89,120,140,161,165],"explore":[48],"online":[50,70],"activities":[51],"\\nRwandan":[53],"CGD":[54,85],"social":[56,87,163],"media":[57,88,164],"(social":[58],"networking":[59],"sites)":[60],"form":[62],"virtual":[63],"\\ntransnational":[64],"networks":[65],"for":[66,185,206],"political":[67,172,189],"purposes.":[68],"Diasporic":[69],"formations":[71],"and":[72,94,118,138,147,180,197,208],"\\nactivities":[73],"were":[74],"mapped":[75],"order":[77],"gain":[79],"increased":[80],"insights":[81],"into":[82],"ways":[83,123],"that":[84,113,124],"\\nuse":[86],"engage":[90,166],"conflict,":[93],"effect":[96],"\\nengagement":[98],"has":[99],"cycle":[103],"home":[106],"country.":[107],"Results":[108],"\\nstudy":[111],"revealed":[112],"Rwandan":[114,157],"CGDs":[115],"demonstrate":[116],"attitudes":[117],"motivations":[119],"\\nact":[121],"are":[125,211],"consistent":[126,199],"other":[128],"studies":[130],"CGD,":[132],"including":[133,191],"\\nexhibiting":[134],"an":[135],"enduring":[136],"commitment":[137],"loyalty":[139],"co-ethnics,":[141],"romanticized":[143],"\\nconceptualization":[144],"myth":[149],"return":[151],"home.":[152],"The":[153],"results":[154],"also":[155],"\\nrevealed":[156],"CGDs\u00bf":[158],"strong":[159],"propensity":[160],"use":[162],"\\nhomeland":[168],"through":[174],"development":[176],"large":[179],"\\ndense":[181],"network":[183],"used":[184],"range":[187],"purposes,":[190],"\\nthe":[192],"dissemination":[193],"genocide":[195],"denial":[196],"propaganda":[198],"pre-genocide":[202],"\\npropaganda":[203],"campaign.":[204],"Implications":[205],"peace-building":[207],"\\nanalysis":[210],"discussed.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
