{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1500937702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000097342","title":"Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Suppresses LHRH Release by Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase and Stimulation of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Release","display_name":"Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Suppresses LHRH Release by Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Synthase and Stimulation of Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Release","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1500937702","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000097342","mag":"1500937702","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9650816"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1159/000097342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000097342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000097342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134841769","display_name":"NeuroImmunoModulation","issn_l":"1021-7401","issn":["1021-7401","1423-0216"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroimmunomodulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064857788","display_name":"Mayumi Kimura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-6413","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4153-6413"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125602781","display_name":"Tokyo Medical and Dental University","ror":"https://ror.org/051k3eh31","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125602781","https://openalex.org/I4400009020"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mayumi Kimura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Medical and Dental Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan","Institute for Medical and Dental Engineering, Tokyo Medial and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical and Dental Engineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125602781"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Medical and Dental Engineering, Tokyo Medial and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125602781"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024970198","display_name":"Wai Haung Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-6731","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7186-6731"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103990859","display_name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/040cnym54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103990859","https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wen H. Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103990859","https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025033565","display_name":"Val\u00e9ria Rettori","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151201029","display_name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas","ror":"https://ror.org/03cqe8w59","country_code":"AR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151201029","https://openalex.org/I4210123736","https://openalex.org/I4387155568"]}],"countries":["AR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Valeria Rettori","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Estudios Farmacologios y Botanicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CEFYBO-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Estudios Farmacologios y Botanicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CEFYBO-CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151201029"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069185819","display_name":"Samuel M. McCann","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103990859","display_name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/040cnym54","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103990859","https://openalex.org/I121820613"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel M. McCann","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103990859","https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7585,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77165642,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"5-6","first_page":"237","last_page":"243"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10960","display_name":"Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10960","display_name":"Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2743","display_name":"Reproductive Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10529","display_name":"Stress Responses and Cortisol","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2802","display_name":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10814","display_name":"Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gm-csf","display_name":"GM-CSF","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gonadotropin-releasing-hormone","display_name":"gonadotropin-releasing hormone","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide-synthase","display_name":"nitric oxide synthase","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaba","display_name":"GABA","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaba-a-receptor","display_name":"GABAA receptor","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypothalamic-neurons","display_name":"hypothalamic neurons","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pituitary-hormone-secretion","display_name":"pituitary hormone secretion","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infection","display_name":"infection","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines","display_name":"cytokines","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sodium-nitroprusside","display_name":"sodium nitroprusside","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bicuculline","display_name":"bicuculline","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gabaergic-neurons","display_name":"GABAergic neurons","score":0.6710000038146973}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6632343530654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.6357811093330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C519581460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207843","display_name":"Nitric oxide","level":2,"score":0.48972776532173157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4640675187110901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.4456261396408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908937200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6823955","display_name":"Omega-N-Methylarginine","level":4,"score":0.43696504831314087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777622882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417619","display_name":"Nitric oxide synthase","level":3,"score":0.3943808972835541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3390777111053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12528029084205627}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004791","descriptor_name":"Enzyme Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005680","descriptor_name":"gamma-Aminobutyric Acid","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006152","descriptor_name":"Cyclic GMP","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007031","descriptor_name":"Hypothalamus","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007031","descriptor_name":"Hypothalamus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007106","descriptor_name":"Immune Sera","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007987","descriptor_name":"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009569","descriptor_name":"Nitric Oxide","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009599","descriptor_name":"Nitroprusside","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009924","descriptor_name":"Organ Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011963","descriptor_name":"Receptors, GABA-A","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011993","descriptor_name":"Recombinant Fusion Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015290","descriptor_name":"Second Messenger Systems","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016178","descriptor_name":"Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017207","descriptor_name":"Rats, Sprague-Dawley","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019001","descriptor_name":"Nitric Oxide Synthase","qualifier_ui":"Q000037","qualifier_name":"antagonists & inhibitors","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1159/000097342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000097342","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000097342","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S134841769","display_name":"NeuroImmunoModulation","issn_l":"1021-7401","issn":["1021-7401","1423-0216"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317820","host_organization_name":"Karger Publishers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317820"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Karger Publishers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroimmunomodulation","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:9650816","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9650816","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Neuroimmunomodulation","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2534651257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MH 51853","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2979361142","display_name":"MECHANISM OF ACTION OF CYTOKINES ON BRAIN AND PITUITARY","funder_award_id":"5r37mh051853-09","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G353214129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DK-43900","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5395361499","display_name":"BRAIN PEPTIDES IN CONTROL OF GONADOTROPIN AND PROLACTIN","funder_award_id":"7r01dk043900-05","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337357","display_name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","ror":"https://ror.org/00adh9b73"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2157589257","https://openalex.org/W2020222089","https://openalex.org/W1606995632","https://openalex.org/W2083987648","https://openalex.org/W2011950369","https://openalex.org/W2048651516","https://openalex.org/W2061630735","https://openalex.org/W2463612829","https://openalex.org/W1981140048","https://openalex.org/W2061533476"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"cytokines":[1],"produced":[2],"by":[3,140,181,199,253,271,277,322,332,348],"immune":[4],"cells":[5],"act":[6],"within":[7,201],"the":[8,12,16,53,74,82,90,136,202,207,235,247,260,293,297,307,310,319,323,354],"hypothalamus":[9],"and/or":[10],"on":[11,213,240,265,283,292,296,343],"pituitary":[13,19],"to":[14,300,304],"produce":[15],"pattern":[17],"of":[18,62,84,129,144,192,209,222,238,249,263,273,280,289,309,339],"hormone":[20,65],"secretion":[21],"that":[22,58,79,259,337],"characterizes":[23],"infection.":[24],"Granulocyte-macrophage":[25],"colony":[26],"stimulating":[27],"factor":[28],"(GMCSF)":[29],"was":[30,138,155,163,174,178,316,328],"first":[31],"described":[32],"as":[33],"a":[34,94,120,156,190,227],"hematopoietic":[35],"cytokine;":[36],"however,":[37],"its":[38,278,340],"synthesis":[39],"is":[40,346],"also":[41],"stimulated":[42,287],"during":[43],"infection,":[44],"and":[45,70,88,146,160],"it":[46,177],"has":[47],"been":[48],"found":[49],"in":[50,52,68,71,86,97,109,119,126,318,350,353],"glia":[51],"brain.":[54],"Previous":[55],"research":[56],"indicates":[57],"interleukin-1":[59],"inhibits":[60],"release":[61,83,134,162,221,251,267,276,288,345],"luteinizing":[63],"hormone-releasing":[64],"(LHRH)":[66],"both":[67],"vivo":[69],"vitro.":[72],"In":[73],"present":[75,256],"study,":[76],"we":[77,205],"determined":[78,139],"GMCSF":[80,115,149,182,210,239,264,281,333],"inhibited":[81,151,165],"LHRH":[85,133,152,161,203,215,241,250,266,275,298,344],"vitro":[87],"evaluated":[89],"mechanisms":[91],"involved.":[92],"After":[93],"1-hour":[95],"preincubation":[96],"Krebs-Ringer":[98],"bicarbonate":[99],"glucose":[100],"buffer":[101],"(KRB),":[102],"medial":[103,355],"basal":[104,356],"hypothalamic":[105],"explants":[106],"were":[107],"incubated":[108],"KRB":[110],"together":[111],"with":[112],"recombinant":[113],"murine":[114],"for":[116],"0.5":[117],"h":[118],"Dubnoff":[121],"metabolic":[122],"shaker":[123],"(50":[124],"cycles/min)":[125],"an":[127],"atmosphere":[128],"95%":[130],"O2/5%":[131],"CO2.":[132],"into":[135],"media":[137],"radioimmunoassay.":[141],"At":[142,306],"concentrations":[143],"10(-12)":[145],"10(-11)":[147],"M,":[148],"significantly":[150,330],"release.":[153,216,242],"There":[154],"U-shaped":[157],"dose-response":[158],"curve":[159],"not":[164],"at":[166],"lower":[167],"or":[168],"higher":[169],"cytokine":[170],"concentrations.":[171],"The":[172,255,286],"inhibition":[173],"specific":[175],"since":[176],"completely":[179,218,245],"blocked":[180],"antiserum.":[183],"Since":[184],"sodium":[185],"nitroprusside":[186],"(NP;":[187],"300":[188],"microM),":[189],"releaser":[191],"nitric":[193],"oxide":[194],"(NO),":[195],"stimulates":[196],"LHRH,":[197],"presumably":[198],"acting":[200],"neurons,":[204],"examined":[206],"effect":[208],"(10(-11)":[211,334],"M)":[212,335],"NP-induced":[214,220],"It":[217],"suppressed":[219],"LHRH.":[223],"Bicuculline":[224],"(10(-5)":[225],"M),":[226],"gamma-aminobutyric":[228],"acid":[229],"(GABA)":[230],"receptor":[231],"antagonist,":[232],"partially":[233,269],"reversed":[234,246],"inhibitory":[236,261],"effects":[237,262],"This":[243],"dose":[244],"suppression":[248],"induced":[252],"GABA.":[254],"results":[257],"indicate":[258],"are":[268],"caused":[270],"blockade":[272],"NO-induced":[274],"activation":[279],"receptors":[282,295],"GABAergic":[284],"neurons.":[285],"GABA":[290],"acts":[291],"GABA-a":[294],"terminals":[299],"inhibit":[301],"their":[302],"response":[303],"NO.":[305],"end":[308],"experiment,":[311],"NO":[312],"synthase":[313],"(NOS)":[314],"activity":[315,327,352],"measured":[317],"tissue":[320],"homogenate":[321],"citrulline":[324],"method.":[325],"NOS":[326,351],"highly":[329],"reduced":[331],"indicating":[336],"part":[338],"suppressive":[341],"action":[342],"mediated":[347],"reduction":[349],"hypothalamus.":[357]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}