{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1500487397","doi":null,"title":"What makes a bank efficient?: a look at financial characteristics and management and ownership structure","display_name":"What makes a bank efficient?: a look at financial characteristics and management and ownership structure","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1500487397","mag":"1500487397"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1500487397","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.kansascityfed.org/publicat/fip/prs95-1.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042894929","display_name":"Kenneth R. Spong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenneth Spong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089983499","display_name":"Richard J. Sullivan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard J. Sullivan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008694593","display_name":"Robert E. DeYoung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-6407","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-6407"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert DeYoung","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1474-6407","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6615,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85908919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"19"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10127","display_name":"Banking stability, regulation, efficiency","score":0.9883000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10357","display_name":"Efficiency Analysis Using DEA","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14183","display_name":"Banking Sector Performance and Management","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-efficiency","display_name":"bank efficiency","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-management","display_name":"bank management","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-ownership-structure","display_name":"bank ownership structure","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/board-of-directors","display_name":"board of directors","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-incentives","display_name":"managerial incentives","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-control","display_name":"cost control","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/credit-evaluation","display_name":"creditworthiness assessment","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-control","display_name":"risk control","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-consolidation","display_name":"bank consolidation","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tenth-federal-reserve-district","display_name":"Tenth Federal Reserve District","score":0.8560000061988831}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050847","display_name":"Consolidation (business)","level":2,"score":0.7326769828796387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120757647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381136","display_name":"Shareholder","level":3,"score":0.7151746153831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6682515740394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.5341066122055054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.5274959802627563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.49136725068092346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.41667935252189636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73283319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1416617","display_name":"Financial system","level":1,"score":0.4118427634239197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23875585198402405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.186359703540802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1500487397","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.kansascityfed.org/publicat/fip/prs95-1.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032721733"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2258995670","https://openalex.org/W7100518055","https://openalex.org/W2357070401","https://openalex.org/W2967067464","https://openalex.org/W2501657237","https://openalex.org/W1516945548","https://openalex.org/W7096695153","https://openalex.org/W6969332834","https://openalex.org/W2737922812","https://openalex.org/W1002577225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Increased":[0],"competition,":[1],"new":[2],"technology,":[3],"and":[4,31,49,57,151,174,203],"bank":[5,36,76,88,126,183,207],"consolidation":[6],"are":[7,91,108,162,199],"reinforcing":[8],"the":[9,41,47,61,97,121,143],"need":[10],"for":[11,28],"banks":[12,59,80,107,161],"to":[13,75,130,197],"operate":[14],"efficiently.":[15],"Moreover,":[16],"recent":[17],"research":[18],"on":[19,171],"banking":[20],"efficiency":[21,166],"shows":[22],"that":[23,73,90,159],"there":[24],"is":[25,127,146],"much":[26],"room":[27],"reducing":[29],"expenses":[30],"making":[32],"better":[33],"use":[34],"of":[35,52,55,71,84,123,177,191],"resources.":[37],"This":[38],"article":[39],"compares":[40],"financial":[42,140],"characteristics,":[43],"as":[44,46],"well":[45],"management":[48],"ownership":[50],"structure,":[51],"a":[53,69,112,138,189],"sample":[54],"efficient":[56,102,106,132,160,182],"inefficient":[58],"from":[60],"Tenth":[62],"Federal":[63],"Reserve":[64],"District.":[65],"The":[66,155],"comparison":[67],"reveals":[68],"number":[70],"factors":[72],"contribute":[74],"efficiency.":[77],";":[78],"Efficient":[79],"control":[81],"all":[82],"aspects":[83],"costs,":[85],"yet":[86],"deliver":[87],"services":[89,98],"often":[92],"more":[93,128],"resource":[94],"intensive":[95],"than":[96],"provided":[99],"by":[100,149,167,206],"less":[101],"banks.":[103],"Stockholders":[104],"at":[105],"actively":[109],"involved,":[110],"play":[111],"major":[113],"policymaking":[114],"role,":[115],"or":[116,145],"make":[117],"other":[118,175],"contributions":[119],"through":[120],"board":[122],"directors.":[124],"A":[125],"likely":[129],"be":[131,186],"if":[133],"its":[134],"manager":[135],"either":[136],"has":[137],"strong":[139],"stake":[141],"in":[142],"bank,":[144],"closely":[147],"monitored":[148],"stockholders":[150],"given":[152],"appropriate":[153],"incentives.":[154],"data":[156],"further":[157],"suggest":[158],"not":[163],"achieving":[164],"their":[165],"expending":[168],"fewer":[169],"resources":[170],"credit":[172],"analysis":[173],"forms":[176],"risk":[178],"control.":[179],"In":[180],"sum,":[181],"operations":[184],"can":[185],"obtained":[187],"under":[188],"variety":[190],"circumstances,":[192],"but":[193],"two":[194],"essential":[195],"keys":[196],"success":[198],"properly":[200],"motivated":[201],"managers":[202],"active":[204],"participation":[205],"owners.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}