{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1497650730","doi":null,"title":"Pension reform in Croatia","display_name":"Pension reform in Croatia","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1497650730","mag":"1497650730"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wbk:hdnspu:25983","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/14/000094946_03053004130881/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/14/000094946_03053004130881/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015710250","display_name":"Zoran Anu\u015di\u0107","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoran Anu\u015di\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109849305","display_name":"O'Keefe Philip","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"O'Keefe Philip","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041107952","display_name":"Sanja Mad\u017earevi\u0107-\u0160ujster","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334329717","display_name":"World Bank","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717","https://openalex.org/I55633929"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanja Mad\u017earevi\u0107-\u0160ujster","raw_affiliation_strings":["World Bank;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"World Bank;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334329717"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.6859999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.6859999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13825","display_name":"Economic Policies and Impacts","score":0.21660000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10443","display_name":"Social Policy and Reform Studies","score":0.059700001031160355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pension-reform","display_name":"pension reform","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/croatia","display_name":"Croatia","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pay-as-you-go-pension-system","display_name":"pay-as-you-go pensions","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/three-pillar-pension-system","display_name":"three-pillar pension system","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individual-pension-accounts","display_name":"individual pension accounts","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/defined-benefit-pension-plans","display_name":"defined benefit pensions","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pension-system-design","display_name":"pension system design","score":0.5569999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-communist-transition","display_name":"post-communist transition","score":0.734000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105289051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930094","display_name":"Pillar","level":2,"score":0.6492559313774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35651441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625303","display_name":"Independence (probability theory)","level":2,"score":0.6402629613876343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780899237","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156223","display_name":"Pension","level":2,"score":0.634171724319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994097847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156223","display_name":"Pension system","level":3,"score":0.5876179933547974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154775046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188","display_name":"German","level":2,"score":0.5225626826286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4977171719074249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.4260181784629822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39892885088920593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.3413054347038269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2922113239765167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13937875628471375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:wbk:hdnspu:25983","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/14/000094946_03053004130881/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf","pdf_url":"http://www-wds.worldbank.org/servlet/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2003/06/14/000094946_03053004130881/Rendered/PDF/multi0page.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.561.168","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.561.168","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTCROATIA/Resources/Pension_Reform_in_Croatia.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1497650730","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://econpapers.repec.org/RePEc:wbk:hdnspu:25983","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W91447623","https://openalex.org/W1489931223","https://openalex.org/W1506445532","https://openalex.org/W1524776562","https://openalex.org/W1584500920","https://openalex.org/W1588882505","https://openalex.org/W1602911019","https://openalex.org/W1608540794","https://openalex.org/W1771082173","https://openalex.org/W1926485101","https://openalex.org/W1996713304","https://openalex.org/W2106524756","https://openalex.org/W2142240635","https://openalex.org/W2145744078","https://openalex.org/W2156894692","https://openalex.org/W2166947324","https://openalex.org/W2172043691","https://openalex.org/W2556735488","https://openalex.org/W2799620663","https://openalex.org/W3121228329","https://openalex.org/W3123149343","https://openalex.org/W3125416152","https://openalex.org/W3145032516"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7223003546","https://openalex.org/W2811000691","https://openalex.org/W3049603848","https://openalex.org/W2946130160","https://openalex.org/W7095622821","https://openalex.org/W1515940348","https://openalex.org/W2888597277","https://openalex.org/W7112699180","https://openalex.org/W3154503766","https://openalex.org/W3122345234"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Croatia's":[0],"transition":[1],"toward":[2],"independence,":[3],"and":[4,18,60,68,106],"the":[5,9,14,37,58,100,103],"market":[6],"economy":[7],"in":[8,13,32,41,66,70,88],"1990s,":[10],"exacerbated":[11],"problems":[12],"pay-as-you-go":[15],"(PAYG)":[16],"system,":[17,105],"ultimately":[19],"led":[20],"to":[21,51,90],"its":[22],"financial":[23],"collapse.":[24],"Although":[25],"a":[26,52,76,82,91],"comprehensive":[27],"three-pillar":[28],"reform":[29,38],"was":[30,64],"initiated":[31],"late":[33],"1995,":[34],"implementation":[35],"of":[36,46,57,85,102],"only":[39],"began":[40],"1998,":[42,67],"with":[43,81],"an":[44],"overhaul":[45],"PAYG":[47],"parameters,":[48],"including":[49],"shifting":[50],"German-style":[53],"points":[54],"system.":[55],"Introduction":[56],"mandatory,":[59],"voluntary":[61],"funded":[62],"pillars":[63],"announced":[65],"implemented":[69],"2002.":[71],"The":[72],"new":[73,104],"system":[74],"includes":[75],"privately-managed":[77],"individual":[78],"account":[79],"scheme,":[80],"contribution":[83],"rate":[84],"five":[86],"percent,":[87],"addition":[89],"downsized":[92],"pay-as-you-go,":[93],"defined":[94],"benefit":[95],"component.":[96],"This":[97],"paper":[98],"describes":[99],"design":[101],"highlights":[107],"areas":[108],"where":[109],"further":[110],"refinements":[111],"are":[112],"needed.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
