{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1495811697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","title":"Composite Endpoints for Clinical Trials","display_name":"Composite Endpoints for Clinical Trials","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1495811697","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","mag":"1495811697"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167124638","display_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine","issn_l":"1364-9027","issn":["1364-9027","1473-5679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064219297","display_name":"Peter Kleist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peter Kleist","raw_affiliation_strings":["PFC Pharma Focus AG, Chriesbaumstrasse 2, CH-8604, Volketswil, Switzerland","PFC Pharma Focus AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PFC Pharma Focus AG, Chriesbaumstrasse 2, CH-8604, Volketswil, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PFC Pharma Focus AG","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5064219297"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6066,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69674404,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"3","first_page":"187","last_page":"198"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11235","display_name":"Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10206","display_name":"Meta-analysis and systematic reviews","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12443","display_name":"Delphi Technique in Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-endpoints","display_name":"composite endpoints","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-event-endpoints","display_name":"time-to-event outcomes","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surrogate-endpoints","display_name":"surrogate endpoints","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endpoint-validation","display_name":"endpoint validation","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endpoint-selection","display_name":"endpoint selection","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trial-conduct","display_name":"trial conduct","score":0.4350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-analysis","display_name":"data analysis","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretation-of-trial-results","display_name":"trial interpretation","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trial-reporting-standards","display_name":"trial reporting standards","score":0.6589999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-guidance","display_name":"regulatory guidelines","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-experiment","display_name":"long-term experiment","score":0.4950000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.7011076807975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909914741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256289","display_name":"Endpoint Determination","level":3,"score":0.6421598792076111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203092338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340863","display_name":"Clinical endpoint","level":3,"score":0.6235392093658447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141341695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2368661","display_name":"Surrogate endpoint","level":2,"score":0.565670371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5266575217247009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129848803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564360","display_name":"Sample size determination","level":2,"score":0.5221610069274902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.46678078174591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.4360577166080475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.42166370153427124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.41006192564964294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.3900510370731354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.38063845038414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3684234619140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2551229000091553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.22700929641723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16978949308395386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2165/00124363-200721030-00001","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167124638","display_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine","issn_l":"1364-9027","issn":["1364-9027","1473-5679"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":76,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21478844","https://openalex.org/W22189248","https://openalex.org/W232713568","https://openalex.org/W334564628","https://openalex.org/W1768011742","https://openalex.org/W1964282242","https://openalex.org/W1964284149","https://openalex.org/W1969102243","https://openalex.org/W1973378060","https://openalex.org/W1975113608","https://openalex.org/W1988108320","https://openalex.org/W1995980256","https://openalex.org/W2001096404","https://openalex.org/W2001350224","https://openalex.org/W2002206387","https://openalex.org/W2002374666","https://openalex.org/W2006539282","https://openalex.org/W2009383056","https://openalex.org/W2016794298","https://openalex.org/W2021056870","https://openalex.org/W2023779739","https://openalex.org/W2034698532","https://openalex.org/W2035882325","https://openalex.org/W2040769872","https://openalex.org/W2042805913","https://openalex.org/W2044773944","https://openalex.org/W2050848061","https://openalex.org/W2051260712","https://openalex.org/W2056893352","https://openalex.org/W2064630920","https://openalex.org/W2066366201","https://openalex.org/W2067327580","https://openalex.org/W2083351364","https://openalex.org/W2088138316","https://openalex.org/W2089753305","https://openalex.org/W2094665185","https://openalex.org/W2094687440","https://openalex.org/W2100065646","https://openalex.org/W2104389711","https://openalex.org/W2109205604","https://openalex.org/W2109861453","https://openalex.org/W2113070300","https://openalex.org/W2114613490","https://openalex.org/W2115607452","https://openalex.org/W2118194784","https://openalex.org/W2120544643","https://openalex.org/W2121708260","https://openalex.org/W2126202563","https://openalex.org/W2128453492","https://openalex.org/W2130040176","https://openalex.org/W2130907431","https://openalex.org/W2133217116","https://openalex.org/W2136068942","https://openalex.org/W2147581820","https://openalex.org/W2158131645","https://openalex.org/W2159969745","https://openalex.org/W2160152341","https://openalex.org/W2160784493","https://openalex.org/W2163815180","https://openalex.org/W2172282913","https://openalex.org/W2210177532","https://openalex.org/W2305118939","https://openalex.org/W2314139393","https://openalex.org/W2326508838","https://openalex.org/W2327554383","https://openalex.org/W2329158407","https://openalex.org/W2400512890","https://openalex.org/W2588341002","https://openalex.org/W2599408064","https://openalex.org/W2600516270","https://openalex.org/W2616158449","https://openalex.org/W3198570063","https://openalex.org/W4246219392","https://openalex.org/W4251955704","https://openalex.org/W4255471972","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2066366201","https://openalex.org/W4238119726","https://openalex.org/W4235462870","https://openalex.org/W2085958138","https://openalex.org/W4401009122","https://openalex.org/W2080210151","https://openalex.org/W7117693791","https://openalex.org/W4412568796","https://openalex.org/W2040769872","https://openalex.org/W2809943881"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}