{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1495425005","doi":null,"title":"Retirement Trends and Patterns in the 1990s: The End of an Era?","display_name":"Retirement Trends and Patterns in the 1990s: The End of an Era?","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1495425005","mag":"1495425005"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:boc:bocoec:385","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/wp385.pdf","pdf_url":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/wp385.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085009648","display_name":"Joseph F. Quinn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-2256","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-2256"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joseph F. Quinn","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7305-2256","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085009648"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10517","display_name":"Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1402","display_name":"Accounting"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10208","display_name":"Labor market dynamics and wage inequality","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-retirement","display_name":"early retirement","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-force-participation-of-older-workers","display_name":"labor force participation of older workers","score":0.8299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirement-trends","display_name":"retirement trends","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-security-eligibility","display_name":"social security eligibility","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-men","display_name":"older men","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pension-policy","display_name":"pension policy","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macroeconomic-conditions","display_name":"macroeconomic conditions","score":0.5109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographic-change","display_name":"demographic change","score":0.4129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3448994755744934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:boc:bocoec:385","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/wp385.pdf","pdf_url":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/wp385.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"preprint"},{"id":"mag:1495425005","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dlib.bc.edu/islandora/object/bc-ir:102969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.198.8731","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.198.8731","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://fmwww.bc.edu/EC-P/WP385.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6452000141143799,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504191892","https://openalex.org/W1519647532","https://openalex.org/W1546192440","https://openalex.org/W2157909253","https://openalex.org/W3124304027"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7100028785","https://openalex.org/W260733903","https://openalex.org/W1520922863","https://openalex.org/W2209685484","https://openalex.org/W1997279214","https://openalex.org/W2898814159","https://openalex.org/W2117227221","https://openalex.org/W2069274360","https://openalex.org/W1981226494","https://openalex.org/W17263853"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"One":[0],"of":[1,26,38,140,161,195,208,214],"the":[2,8,12,17,21,29,46,58,85,98,103,137,145,184,192,204,209,221],"most":[3],"remarkable":[4,134],"demographic":[5],"changes":[6,175],"in":[7,20,45,66,109,115,144,224],"United":[9],"States":[10],"during":[11],"past":[13],"half-century":[14],"has":[15,135],"been":[16,136,201],"dramatic":[18,222],"decline":[19,92],"labor":[22,47],"force":[23],"participation":[24,87,148],"rates":[25,59,104,149],"older":[27,188],"men--":[28],"well-known":[30],"early":[31],"retirement":[32,165,225],"trend.":[33],"In":[34],"1950,":[35],"nearly":[36],"three-quarters":[37],"all":[39],"65":[40],"year":[41],"old":[42],"men":[43,61,74],"were":[44,62],"force;":[48],"by":[49,97,203],"1985,":[50],"less":[51],"than":[52],"one-third":[53],"were.":[54],"At":[55,100],"age":[56,83,101],"62,":[57,84],"for":[60,78,121],"near":[63,94],"80":[64],"percent":[65,96,108,114],"both":[67],"1950":[68,110],"and":[69,127,152,163,190,197,199],"1960.":[70],"After":[71],"1961,":[72],"when":[73],"first":[75],"became":[76],"eligible":[77],"Social":[79],"Security":[80],"benefits":[81],"at":[82],"age-62":[86],"rate":[88],"began":[89],"a":[90],"steady":[91],"to":[93,111,167,170,187,219],"50":[95,107],"mid-1980s.":[99,146],"70,":[102],"declined":[105],"from":[106],"only":[112],"16":[113],"1985.":[116,158],"Similar":[117],"trends":[118,143],"are":[119,176],"found":[120],"other":[122],"ages":[123],"as":[124],"well":[125],"(Burkhauser":[126],"Quinn":[128],"1997;":[129],"table":[130],"1).":[131],"But":[132],"equally":[133],"sudden":[138],"demise":[139],"these":[141],"long-run":[142],"Male":[147],"have":[150,168,200],"flattened":[151],"perhaps":[153],"even":[154],"turned":[155],"around":[156],"since":[157],"The":[159,212],"era":[160],"earlier":[162,164],"seems":[166],"come":[169],"an":[171],"abrupt":[172],"halt.":[173],"These":[174],"consistent":[177],"with":[178],"important":[179],"policy":[180],"initiatives":[181],"that":[182],"increased":[183],"options":[185],"available":[186],"workers":[189],"altered":[191],"relative":[193],"attractiveness":[194],"work":[196],"retirement,":[198],"assisted":[202],"strong":[205],"macroeconomic":[206],"performance":[207],"American":[210],"economy.":[211],"purpose":[213],"this":[215],"article":[216],"is":[217],"threefold:":[218],"document":[220],"change":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}