{"id":"https://openalex.org/W149204092","doi":null,"title":"Cataract induction in lenses cultured with transforming growth factor-beta.","display_name":"Cataract induction in lenses cultured with transforming growth factor-beta.","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W149204092","mag":"149204092","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7601651"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:7601651","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7601651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108072677","display_name":"Angela M. Hales","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A M Hales","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109537276","display_name":"Coral G. Chamberlain","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C G Chamberlain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110138989","display_name":"John W. McAvoy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129604602","display_name":"The University of Sydney","ror":"https://ror.org/0384j8v12","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J W McAvoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Anatomy and Histology, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129604602"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6787,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":194,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92021492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":92,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"8","first_page":"1709","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.5121999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11291","display_name":"Intraocular Surgery and Lenses","score":0.5121999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11480","display_name":"Connexins and lens biology","score":0.2759000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11501","display_name":"TGF-\u03b2 signaling in diseases","score":0.1784999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataract-induction","display_name":"cataract induction","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transforming-growth-factor-beta","display_name":"TGF-beta","score":0.8840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anterior-subcapsular-cataract","display_name":"anterior subcapsular cataract","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens-opacity","display_name":"lens opacity","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alpha-smooth-muscle-actin","display_name":"alpha-smooth muscle actin","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-i-collagen","display_name":"type I collagen","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extracellular-matrix-accumulation","display_name":"extracellular matrix accumulation","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens-epithelial-cells","display_name":"lens epithelial cells","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens-transparency","display_name":"lens transparency","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laminin","display_name":"laminin","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heparan-sulfate-proteoglycans","display_name":"heparan sulfate proteoglycans","score":0.9430000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189165786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193825","display_name":"Extracellular matrix","level":2,"score":0.6270225048065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.6077845692634583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125705527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185269","display_name":"Actin","level":2,"score":0.5460982918739319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5018372535705566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118131993","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423671","display_name":"Transforming growth factor","level":2,"score":0.49384766817092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778229498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24785672","display_name":"Transforming growth factor beta","level":3,"score":0.47705450654029846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778778583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147768","display_name":"Capsule","level":2,"score":0.44551658630371094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777107211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860610","display_name":"Type IV collagen","level":4,"score":0.44167089462280273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.4306170642375946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.3872118592262268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779814568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58345","display_name":"Laminin","level":3,"score":0.3855215013027191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.3623255789279938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3562448024749756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.12694230675697327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000199","descriptor_name":"Actins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002386","descriptor_name":"Cataract","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003094","descriptor_name":"Collagen","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005455","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Antibody Technique","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007903","descriptor_name":"Lens Capsule, Crystalline","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007908","descriptor_name":"Lens, Crystalline","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007908","descriptor_name":"Lens, Crystalline","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007908","descriptor_name":"Lens, Crystalline","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009130","descriptor_name":"Muscle, Smooth","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009924","descriptor_name":"Organ Culture Techniques","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016212","descriptor_name":"Transforming Growth Factor beta","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016895","descriptor_name":"Culture Media, Serum-Free","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051381","descriptor_name":"Rats","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:7601651","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7601651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:149204092","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7601651","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017269815","https://openalex.org/W1543488448","https://openalex.org/W37097153","https://openalex.org/W2055992647","https://openalex.org/W2016359709","https://openalex.org/W7065883975","https://openalex.org/W32591838","https://openalex.org/W2102691047","https://openalex.org/W7098140666","https://openalex.org/W7098264116"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"Anterior":[1],"subcapsular":[2,234],"cataracts":[3],"are":[4,22,25,43],"characterized":[5],"by":[6],"the":[7,30,95,101,104,150,172],"appearance":[8],"of":[9,12,29,35,77,97,103,155,182],"opaque":[10],"plaques":[11],"abnormal":[13,156],"cells.":[14],"Distinctive":[15],"spindle-shaped":[16],"cells":[17,157],"containing":[18],"alpha-smooth":[19,67,166,208],"muscle":[20,68,167,209],"actin":[21,69,210],"present":[23],"and":[24,92,133,137,171,187,204,230],"associated":[26],"with":[27,73,118,142,159],"wrinkling":[28],"overlying":[31,173],"lens":[32,60,151,202],"capsule.":[33,152],"Accumulations":[34],"extracellular":[36],"matrix,":[37],"including":[38],"type":[39,183,212],"I":[40,184,213],"collagen,":[41,185],"also":[42],"found.":[44],"The":[45,75,178],"authors":[46],"previously":[47],"reported":[48],"that":[49,219,227],"transforming":[50],"growth":[51,124,196],"factor-beta":[52],"(TGF-beta)":[53],"induces":[54,85,221],"similar":[55],"aberrant":[56],"morphologic":[57,229],"changes":[58,88],"in":[59,70,89,114],"epithelial":[61],"explants.":[62],"More":[63],"recently,":[64],"they":[65],"identified":[66],"explants":[71],"cultured":[72,113,141,194],"TGF-beta.":[74],"aim":[76],"this":[78,98],"study":[79],"was":[80,175],"to":[81,93,224],"determine":[82],"whether":[83],"TGF-beta":[84,119,143,220],"comparable":[86],"cataractous":[87],"whole":[90,222],"lenses":[91,108,193,223],"examine":[94],"effects":[96],"treatment":[99],"on":[100],"transparency":[102],"lens.":[105],"METHODS:":[106],"Whole":[107],"from":[109],"21-day-old":[110],"rats":[111],"were":[112,130,169],"defined":[115],"serum-free":[116],"medium":[117],"2":[120],"or":[121,211],"without":[122,195],"added":[123],"factors":[125,197],"for":[126,135,233],"5":[127],"days.":[128],"Lenses":[129,140],"then":[131],"photographed":[132],"prepared":[134],"histology":[136],"immunolocalization.":[138],"RESULTS:":[139],"developed":[144],"distinct":[145],"anterior":[146],"opacities":[147,226],"just":[148],"beneath":[149],"Histologically,":[153],"clumps":[154,179],"corresponded":[158],"these":[160],"opacities.":[161],"Spindle-shaped":[162],"cells,":[163],"which":[164],"contained":[165,180],"actin,":[168],"present,":[170],"capsule":[174],"often":[176],"wrinkled.":[177],"accumulations":[181],"laminin,":[186],"heparan":[188],"sulphate":[189],"proteoglycan.":[190],"In":[191],"contrast,":[192],"remained":[198],"transparent,":[199],"retained":[200],"normal":[201],"morphology,":[203],"did":[205],"not":[206],"accumulate":[207],"collagen.":[214],"CONCLUSIONS:":[215],"These":[216],"results":[217],"show":[218],"form":[225],"contain":[228],"biochemical":[231],"markers":[232],"cataract.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}