{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1491944145","doi":null,"title":"IL-2 REGULATION OF IL-24 EXPRESSION LEADS TO GROWTH SUPPRESSION OF MELANOMA CELLS","display_name":"IL-2 REGULATION OF IL-24 EXPRESSION LEADS TO GROWTH SUPPRESSION OF MELANOMA CELLS","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1491944145","mag":"1491944145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu:utgsbs_dissertations-1055","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/32","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=utgsbs_dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196655","display_name":"Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1337852284","host_organization_name":"Texas Medical Center","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337852284"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=utgsbs_dissertations","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076377082","display_name":"Emily Y. Jen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-5708","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-5708"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Emily Y. Jen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1962-5708","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076377082"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11503","display_name":"Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions","score":0.8140000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11503","display_name":"Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions","score":0.8140000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.04560000076889992,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":0.04479999840259552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interleukin-2","display_name":"interleukin-2","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-24","display_name":"IL-24","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melanoma","display_name":"melanoma","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-growth-inhibition","display_name":"tumor growth inhibition","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-2-receptor-beta","display_name":"IL-2 receptor beta","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-2-signaling","display_name":"IL-2 signaling","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-15","display_name":"IL-15","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-2-therapy","display_name":"IL-2 therapy","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melanoma-cell-lines","display_name":"melanoma cell lines","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sirna-knockdown","display_name":"siRNA knockdown","score":0.6570000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-response-prediction","display_name":"treatment response prediction","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180614","display_name":"Melanoma","level":2,"score":0.6206718683242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.45363008975982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.42768943309783936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.42518842220306396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.3919069766998291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2236824333667755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu:utgsbs_dissertations-1055","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/32","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=utgsbs_dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196655","display_name":"Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1337852284","host_organization_name":"Texas Medical Center","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337852284"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1491944145","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=utgsbs_dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu:utgsbs_dissertations-1055","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/utgsbs_dissertations/32","pdf_url":"https://digitalcommons.library.tmc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1055&context=utgsbs_dissertations","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196655","display_name":"Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1337852284","host_organization_name":"Texas Medical Center","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1337852284"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1491944145.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1491944145.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":140,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W129007473","https://openalex.org/W167184114","https://openalex.org/W182986896","https://openalex.org/W1222874231","https://openalex.org/W1506157243","https://openalex.org/W1532206496","https://openalex.org/W1536595294","https://openalex.org/W1548665760","https://openalex.org/W1554355377","https://openalex.org/W1567420244","https://openalex.org/W1583927081","https://openalex.org/W1585683447","https://openalex.org/W1593771602","https://openalex.org/W1643040145","https://openalex.org/W1644497916","https://openalex.org/W1723545928","https://openalex.org/W1733558371","https://openalex.org/W1823669223","https://openalex.org/W1843453924","https://openalex.org/W1904436785","https://openalex.org/W1918411648","https://openalex.org/W1949247451","https://openalex.org/W1950572133","https://openalex.org/W1964572311","https://openalex.org/W1964619238","https://openalex.org/W1966410251","https://openalex.org/W1966523626","https://openalex.org/W1966572647","https://openalex.org/W1967884480","https://openalex.org/W1970856195","https://openalex.org/W1973515006","https://openalex.org/W1976089511","https://openalex.org/W1977096306","https://openalex.org/W1977657840","https://openalex.org/W1978678946","https://openalex.org/W1980029742","https://openalex.org/W1982163065","https://openalex.org/W1982785554","https://openalex.org/W1982803296","https://openalex.org/W1983366532","https://openalex.org/W1986393742","https://openalex.org/W1987689247","https://openalex.org/W1988177114","https://openalex.org/W1989513172","https://openalex.org/W1992350807","https://openalex.org/W1993051112","https://openalex.org/W1996981135","https://openalex.org/W1998238314","https://openalex.org/W2000075150","https://openalex.org/W2001401716","https://openalex.org/W2005581733","https://openalex.org/W2006569353","https://openalex.org/W2007324489","https://openalex.org/W2010579356","https://openalex.org/W2015028428","https://openalex.org/W2019072035","https://openalex.org/W2020038865","https://openalex.org/W2021303211","https://openalex.org/W2022494582","https://openalex.org/W2026040423","https://openalex.org/W2027776572","https://openalex.org/W2028950350","https://openalex.org/W2029312009","https://openalex.org/W2031819782","https://openalex.org/W2031900842","https://openalex.org/W2036275492","https://openalex.org/W2037133729","https://openalex.org/W2038048085","https://openalex.org/W2043654385","https://openalex.org/W2045867999","https://openalex.org/W2046887547","https://openalex.org/W2049020751","https://openalex.org/W2055236103","https://openalex.org/W2055522356","https://openalex.org/W2059847344","https://openalex.org/W2060127963","https://openalex.org/W2060893809","https://openalex.org/W2064219151","https://openalex.org/W2065361976","https://openalex.org/W2066952519","https://openalex.org/W2067526967","https://openalex.org/W2067655878","https://openalex.org/W2069655066","https://openalex.org/W2070804167","https://openalex.org/W2071112640","https://openalex.org/W2072553587","https://openalex.org/W2074895307","https://openalex.org/W2075293216","https://openalex.org/W2076058175","https://openalex.org/W2076407942","https://openalex.org/W2080290413","https://openalex.org/W2083357283","https://openalex.org/W2090780591","https://openalex.org/W2092513068","https://openalex.org/W2094221707","https://openalex.org/W2095138364","https://openalex.org/W2096574716","https://openalex.org/W2101230909","https://openalex.org/W2107193000","https://openalex.org/W2108117103","https://openalex.org/W2108707241","https://openalex.org/W2111329155","https://openalex.org/W2111788046","https://openalex.org/W2113628816","https://openalex.org/W2118863192","https://openalex.org/W2121457765","https://openalex.org/W2122934448","https://openalex.org/W2126162679","https://openalex.org/W2126261768","https://openalex.org/W2127700559","https://openalex.org/W2130537353","https://openalex.org/W2131055846","https://openalex.org/W2133811759","https://openalex.org/W2134003680","https://openalex.org/W2135615816","https://openalex.org/W2136445642","https://openalex.org/W2137780491","https://openalex.org/W2139056292","https://openalex.org/W2142347924","https://openalex.org/W2143076511","https://openalex.org/W2147754310","https://openalex.org/W2151790613","https://openalex.org/W2157507291","https://openalex.org/W2158385323","https://openalex.org/W2162357591","https://openalex.org/W2166105600","https://openalex.org/W2168390838","https://openalex.org/W2170815810","https://openalex.org/W2171382646","https://openalex.org/W2178727026","https://openalex.org/W2222964685","https://openalex.org/W2319071207","https://openalex.org/W2321501275","https://openalex.org/W2322553446","https://openalex.org/W2326245275","https://openalex.org/W2331700970","https://openalex.org/W2405171099","https://openalex.org/W2415162135","https://openalex.org/W2418246656","https://openalex.org/W2441369597"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W156741","https://openalex.org/W1918411648","https://openalex.org/W2121457765","https://openalex.org/W2038369391","https://openalex.org/W2415998022","https://openalex.org/W2086652045","https://openalex.org/W167184114","https://openalex.org/W2605250738","https://openalex.org/W2944463716","https://openalex.org/W1144280185"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Melanoma":[0],"is":[1,40,60,213],"known":[2],"to":[3,7,29,182,222,252,303,333],"be":[4,253,327],"highly":[5],"resistant":[6],"chemotherapy.":[8],"Treatment":[9],"with":[10,42,84,137,148,172,200,242,279,284,293],"high":[11,85,334],"dose":[12,86,335],"IL-2":[13,58,145,173,212,233,243,307],"has":[14,27],"shown":[15],"significant":[16,101],"clinical":[17],"benefit":[18],"in":[19,33,68,103,130,167,234,259,272,301,329],"a":[20,34,324],"minority":[21],"of":[22,56,65,92,106,196,232,323],"metastatic":[23],"melanoma":[24,69,79,220,235,313],"patients":[25],"and":[26,71,126,186,191,244,315,319],"lead":[28],"long":[30],"term":[31],"survival":[32],"few":[35],"cases.":[36],"However,":[37],"this":[38],"treatment":[39],"associated":[41],"excessive":[43],"multiorgan":[44],"toxicities,":[45],"which":[46,202],"severely":[47],"limits":[48],"its":[49,304],"use.":[50],"We":[51,154],"hypothesize":[52],"that":[53,159,211,300,316],"one":[54],"mechanism":[55],"effective":[57],"therapy":[59],"through":[61,215],"the":[62,93,115,144,151,204,229,260,277,289,317],"direct":[63],"upregulation":[64],"IL-24":[66,73,107,124,131,165,197,224,261,285,318],"production":[67],"tumors":[70,314],"subsequent":[72],"mediated":[74],"tumor":[75,325],"growth":[76,249,269,290],"suppression.":[77],"Five":[78],"cell":[80,94,162,238,245,263],"lines":[81,95,118,163,239,264],"were":[82,180,240],"treated":[83,199,241],"recombinant":[87],"hIL-2":[88],"at":[89],"1000U/ml.":[90],"Three":[91],"(A375,":[96],"WM1341,":[97],"WM793)":[98],"showed":[99],"statistically":[100],"increases":[102],"their":[104],"levels":[105,195],"protein":[108,166,225],"when":[109,170,198],"measured":[110],"by":[111,134,142,157,189,256],"Western":[112],"blotting,":[113],"while":[114,265],"remaining":[116],"two":[117],"(WM35,":[119],"MeWo)":[120],"remained":[121],"negative":[122],"for":[123],"message":[125,188],"protein.":[127],"This":[128],"increase":[129],"was":[132,250,270],"abolished":[133],"either":[135],"preincubating":[136],"an":[138],"anti-IL-2":[139],"antibody":[140,281],"or":[141,274,282],"blocking":[143],"receptor":[146,152],"directly":[147,310],"antibodies":[149],"against":[150],"chains.":[153],"also":[155,192,308],"demonstrated":[156],"ELISA":[158],"these":[160],"three":[161],"secrete":[164],"higher":[168,194],"amounts":[169],"stimulated":[171],"than":[174],"do":[175],"untreated":[176],"cells.":[177],"These":[178,295],"cells":[179,221,278],"found":[181,251],"contain":[183],"IL-2R":[184,205,216,320],"beta":[185,206,217,321],"gamma":[187],"RT-PCR":[190],"expressed":[193],"IL-15,":[201],"shares":[203],"chain.":[207],"Thus":[208],"we":[209],"propose":[210],"signaling":[214],"on":[218,268,311],"some":[219,312],"upregulate":[223],"expression.":[226],"To":[227],"address":[228],"biological":[230],"function":[231],"cells,":[236],"five":[237],"viability":[246],"determined.":[247],"Cell":[248],"significantly":[254],"decreased":[255],"day":[257],"4":[258],"positive":[262],"no":[266],"effect":[267],"seen":[271,292],"WM35":[273],"MeWo.":[275],"Incubating":[276],"anti-IL-24":[280],"transfecting":[283],"siRNA":[286],"effectively":[287],"negated":[288],"suppression":[291],"IL-2.":[294,336],"data":[296],"support":[297],"our":[298],"hypothesis":[299],"addition":[302],"immunotherapeutic":[305],"effects,":[306],"acts":[309],"status":[322],"may":[326],"useful":[328],"predicting":[330],"patient":[331],"response":[332]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-03T10:48:47.769340","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}