{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1491901751","doi":null,"title":"Reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis and necrosis in bovine corneal endothelial cells.","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species-induced apoptosis and necrosis in bovine corneal endothelial cells.","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1491901751","mag":"1491901751","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102288"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:10102288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069941619","display_name":"K S Cho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87111246","display_name":"Catholic University of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01fpnj063","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K S Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078379907","display_name":"Eunjoo Hwang Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-0067","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5569-0067"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87111246","display_name":"Catholic University of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01fpnj063","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E H Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083086043","display_name":"Jin\u2010Sung Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8439-6035","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8439-6035"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87111246","display_name":"Catholic University of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01fpnj063","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J S Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051060008","display_name":"Choun\u2010Ki Joo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-4118","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0535-4118"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87111246","display_name":"Catholic University of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01fpnj063","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C K Joo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, and Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, Seoul","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87111246"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.7027,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96230515,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"5","first_page":"911","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.4011000096797943,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10563","display_name":"Corneal surgery and disorders","score":0.4011000096797943,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10957","display_name":"Photodynamic Therapy Research Studies","score":0.18410000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10997","display_name":"Ocular Surface and Contact Lens","score":0.12790000438690186,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.8429999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corneal-endothelial-cells","display_name":"corneal endothelial cells","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/apoptosis","display_name":"apoptosis","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/necrosis","display_name":"necrosis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/riboflavin","display_name":"riboflavin","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rose-bengal","display_name":"rose bengal","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photosensitizers","display_name":"photosensitizers","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodynamic-cell-death","display_name":"photodynamic cell death","score":0.578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nf-kappab-activation","display_name":"NF-\u03baB activation","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/catalase","display_name":"catalase","score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salicylic-acid","display_name":"salicylic acid","score":0.8730000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histidine","display_name":"histidine","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidants","display_name":"antioxidants","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corneal-endothelial-cell-loss","display_name":"corneal endothelial cell loss","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.3310000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-function","display_name":"mitochondrial function","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidative-stress","display_name":"oxidative stress","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bovine-cornea","display_name":"bovine cornea","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tunel-assay","display_name":"TUNEL","score":0.4880000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11350933","display_name":"Rose bengal","level":2,"score":0.6993079781532288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.6755812764167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779102032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q342717","display_name":"Acridine orange","level":3,"score":0.6572409272193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778979269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106951292","display_name":"Catalase","level":3,"score":0.637991189956665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.5873939990997314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190283241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14599311","display_name":"Apoptosis","level":2,"score":0.571134626865387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53227056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189152","display_name":"Viability assay","level":3,"score":0.5371564030647278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196795494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1624817","display_name":"TUNEL assay","level":3,"score":0.5360785722732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775838275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q410776","display_name":"Superoxide dismutase","level":3,"score":0.4874756336212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109316439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q246181","display_name":"Cytotoxicity","level":3,"score":0.45704442262649536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4405858516693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31573885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304484","display_name":"Programmed cell death","level":3,"score":0.4336603283882141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C503630168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178069","display_name":"Necrosis","level":2,"score":0.4326445460319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.41434401273727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.40653014183044434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.37376868724823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.07265034317970276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000165","descriptor_name":"Acridine Orange","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002417","descriptor_name":"Cattle","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002470","descriptor_name":"Cell Survival","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004728","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Corneal","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004728","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Corneal","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004996","descriptor_name":"Ethidium","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008928","descriptor_name":"Mitochondria","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009336","descriptor_name":"Necrosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012256","descriptor_name":"Riboflavin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012395","descriptor_name":"Rose Bengal","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013778","descriptor_name":"Tetrazolium Salts","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013844","descriptor_name":"Thiazoles","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017209","descriptor_name":"Apoptosis","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017319","descriptor_name":"Photosensitizing Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017382","descriptor_name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020287","descriptor_name":"In Situ Nick-End Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:10102288","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.318.310","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.318.310","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.iovs.org/content/40/5/911.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1491901751","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10102288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23930129","https://openalex.org/W39614084","https://openalex.org/W78365937","https://openalex.org/W324491408","https://openalex.org/W1577403013","https://openalex.org/W1749117680","https://openalex.org/W1971335269","https://openalex.org/W1982944686","https://openalex.org/W1988059865","https://openalex.org/W1996176524","https://openalex.org/W2000969477","https://openalex.org/W2002278797","https://openalex.org/W2011496352","https://openalex.org/W2017761477","https://openalex.org/W2024088660","https://openalex.org/W2042889645","https://openalex.org/W2057808417","https://openalex.org/W2070828755","https://openalex.org/W2082369404","https://openalex.org/W2082561774","https://openalex.org/W2082575834","https://openalex.org/W2089319597","https://openalex.org/W2089496150","https://openalex.org/W2101698988","https://openalex.org/W2108770209","https://openalex.org/W2112200630","https://openalex.org/W2136481369","https://openalex.org/W2143417663"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2992451720","https://openalex.org/W2015999608","https://openalex.org/W2924283841","https://openalex.org/W1999759692","https://openalex.org/W2028044239","https://openalex.org/W920043076","https://openalex.org/W2566253842","https://openalex.org/W2418691847","https://openalex.org/W3196580493","https://openalex.org/W2069617685"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"The":[1,27,72,99,269],"loss":[2,320],"of":[3,36,45,74,127,131,156,173,211,227,272,300,319,321],"corneal":[4,47,322],"endothelial":[5,48,323],"cells":[6,49,56,324],"associated":[7],"with":[8,62,69,140,262],"aging":[9],"and":[10,77,95,118,161,168,171,187,189,214,229,257,265,275,293,330],"possibly":[11,331],"other":[12,295,332],"causes":[13],"has":[14],"been":[15],"speculated":[16],"to":[17,20,22,32,123,199,219,233,280,291,296,326],"be":[18,281],"related":[19,325],"exposure":[21],"reactive":[23],"oxygen":[24],"species":[25],"(ROS).":[26],"current":[28],"study":[29],"was":[30,101,135,197,231,249],"conducted":[31],"investigate,":[33],"by":[34,52,103,137,239,283],"use":[35],"photosensitizers,":[37],"the":[38,43,125,205,209,252,294,316],"underlying":[39],"mechanisms":[40,318],"involved":[41],"in":[42,57,150,154,165,178,302],"death":[44,78,304],"bovine":[46],"(BCENs)":[50],"caused":[51],"ROS.":[53],"METHODS:":[54],"BCEN":[55,157],"primary":[58],"culture":[59],"were":[60,79,121,163,176,217],"treated":[61],"a":[63,151],"photosensitizer":[64],"(riboflavin":[65],"or":[66,146],"rose":[67,147,240,263,276],"bengal)":[68],"light":[70],"exposure.":[71],"patterns":[73],"cell":[75,174,303],"damage":[76,172],"assessed":[80],"using":[81,106,244],"an":[82],"acridine":[83],"orange-ethidium":[84],"bromide":[85,109],"differential":[86],"staining":[87],"method,":[88],"TdT-mediated":[89],"dUTP":[90],"nick-end":[91],"labeling":[92],"(TUNEL)":[93],"assay,":[94],"transmission":[96],"electron":[97],"microscopy.":[98],"cytotoxicity":[100,237],"assayed":[102],"mitochondrial":[104],"function":[105],"3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl":[107],"tetrazolium":[108],"(MTT)":[110],"testing.":[111],"Antioxidants,":[112],"including":[113],"catalase,":[114],"L-histidine,":[115],"salicylic":[116,215],"acid,":[117],"superoxide":[119],"dismutase,":[120],"used":[122],"determine":[124],"types":[126],"ROS":[128],"involved.":[129],"Activation":[130],"nuclear":[132],"factor":[133],"(NF)-kappaB":[134],"examined":[136],"fluorescent":[138],"immunocytochemistry":[139,245],"anti-p65":[141],"antibody.":[142],"RESULTS:":[143],"Light-irradiated":[144],"riboflavin":[145,274],"bengal":[148,196,264,277],"resulted":[149],"significant":[152],"decrease":[153],"viability":[155],"cells.":[158,180],"Chromosomal":[159],"condensation":[160],"fragmentation":[162],"observed":[164,177],"apoptotic":[166],"cells,":[167],"membrane":[169],"lysis":[170],"ultrastructures":[175],"necrotic":[179],"Riboflavin":[181],"induced":[182,190,238],"apoptosis":[183,292],"at":[184],"30":[185,258],"minutes":[186,256,259],"thereafter":[188],"necrosis":[191],"after":[192,260],"2":[193],"hours.":[194],"Rose":[195],"shown":[198,279],"cause":[200],"similar":[201,333],"effects":[202,210,226,271],"within":[203,254],"half":[204],"time":[206],"required":[207],"for":[208,222,312],"riboflavin.":[212],"Catalase":[213],"acid":[216],"found":[218,232],"provide":[220,309],"protection":[221],"BCENs":[223,235],"from":[224,236],"cytotoxic":[225,270],"riboflavin,":[228,266],"L-histidine":[230],"protect":[234],"bengal.":[241],"Kinetic":[242],"studies":[243],"showed":[246],"that":[247],"NF-kappaB":[248,301],"translocated":[250],"into":[251,315],"nucleus":[253],"15":[255],"treatment":[261],"respectively.":[267],"CONCLUSIONS:":[268],"photo-irradiated":[273],"are":[278],"mediated":[282],"two":[284],"distinct":[285],"but":[286],"parallel":[287],"pathways,":[288],"one":[289],"leading":[290],"necrosis.":[297],"Possible":[298],"involvement":[299],"is":[305],"suggested.":[306],"These":[307],"findings":[308],"potential":[310],"leads":[311],"future":[313],"investigation":[314],"molecular":[317],"aging,":[327],"oxidative":[328],"stress,":[329],"causes.":[334]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
