{"id":"https://openalex.org/W14910973","doi":null,"title":"Age-related vision changes: a primary care guide.","display_name":"Age-related vision changes: a primary care guide.","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W14910973","mag":"14910973","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8088558"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:8088558","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8088558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geriatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032279646","display_name":"Tanya L. Carter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87377408","display_name":"SUNY College of Optometry","ror":"https://ror.org/02v9m6h26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87377408"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"T L Carter","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Optometry, State University of New York (SUNY)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Optometry, State University of New York (SUNY)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397","https://openalex.org/I87377408"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032279646"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397","https://openalex.org/I87377408"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8154,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":38,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68854229,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"9","first_page":"37","last_page":"42, 45; quiz 46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9067000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10381","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Impairment Studies","score":0.9067000150680542,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.033399999141693115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14384","display_name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Health Research","score":0.024399999529123306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-related-vision-changes","display_name":"age-related vision changes","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-impairment","display_name":"visual impairment","score":0.7580000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-vision","display_name":"low vision","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/presbyopia","display_name":"presbyopia","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-sensitivity","display_name":"contrast sensitivity","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dark-adaptation","display_name":"dark adaptation","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-degeneration","display_name":"macular degeneration","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-angle-glaucoma","display_name":"open-angle glaucoma","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataract","display_name":"cataract","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"diabetic retinopathy","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-acuity-testing","display_name":"visual acuity testing","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"primary care","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.5529999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/referral-to-ophthalmologist","display_name":"referral to ophthalmologist","score":0.6729999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9024126529693604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779909278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q319595","display_name":"Presbyopia","level":2,"score":0.8471394777297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.7468177676200867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781372952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Visual impairment","level":2,"score":0.7027450203895569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.6290596723556519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.616129994392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778257484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q555066","display_name":"Visual acuity","level":2,"score":0.5887510180473328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984752397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3259956","display_name":"Primary care","level":2,"score":0.5772233009338379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5137189626693726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909902731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Impaired Vision","level":2,"score":0.5066931843757629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Glaucoma","level":2,"score":0.5058571696281433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.4972374737262726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194130854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1529438","display_name":"GLARE","level":3,"score":0.4715350270271301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910762390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767669","display_name":"Visual Disturbance","level":2,"score":0.42113491892814636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780929884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q737460","display_name":"Blindness","level":2,"score":0.415945440530777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.38838785886764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.2303045392036438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.14212769269943237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.09319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000367","descriptor_name":"Age Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005853","descriptor_name":"Geriatrics","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008487","descriptor_name":"Medical History Taking","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009819","descriptor_name":"Office Visits","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012017","descriptor_name":"Referral and Consultation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000145","qualifier_name":"classification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014786","descriptor_name":"Vision Disorders","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D015351","descriptor_name":"Vision Screening","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015995","descriptor_name":"Prevalence","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:8088558","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8088558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Geriatrics","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:14910973","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8088558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2993406049","https://openalex.org/W2320350949","https://openalex.org/W2408885819","https://openalex.org/W181391325","https://openalex.org/W3091556295","https://openalex.org/W2291550209","https://openalex.org/W161168436","https://openalex.org/W6987092819","https://openalex.org/W4416439683","https://openalex.org/W2118098357"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Visual":[0],"impairment":[1,26],"becomes":[2],"more":[3,106],"prevalent":[4,59],"with":[5,34,42,79,82,93],"age.":[6],"A":[7],"person":[8],"has":[9],"\"low":[10],"vision\"":[11],"when":[12],"legally":[13],"blind":[14],"or":[15],"partially":[16],"sighted.":[17],"In":[18],"addition,":[19],"many":[20],"older":[21],"patients":[22,78],"have":[23],"functional":[24],"visual":[25,38,80,90,94],"that":[27,40],"affects":[28],"their":[29],"ability":[30],"to":[31,99],"read,":[32],"even":[33],"corrective":[35],"lenses.":[36],"Normal":[37],"changes":[39],"occur":[41],"aging":[43],"include":[44],"presbyopia,":[45],"decreased":[46,49],"contrast":[47],"sensitivity,":[48],"dark/light":[50],"adaptation,":[51],"and":[52,69,86],"delayed":[53],"glare":[54],"recovery.":[55],"The":[56,72],"four":[57],"most":[58],"age-related":[60],"ocular":[61,108],"diseases":[62],"are":[63],"macular":[64],"degeneration,":[65],"open-angle":[66],"glaucoma,":[67],"cataract,":[68],"diabetic":[70],"retinopathy.":[71],"primary":[73],"care":[74,102],"practitioner":[75,103],"can":[76],"identify":[77],"problems":[81],"a":[83,105],"careful":[84],"history":[85],"in-office":[87],"tests":[88],"of":[89],"acuity.":[91],"Patients":[92],"impairments":[95],"should":[96],"be":[97],"referred":[98],"an":[100],"eye":[101],"for":[104],"comprehensive":[107],"evaluation.":[109]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
