{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1490852880","doi":null,"title":"You can control your asthma if appropriately managed.","display_name":"You can control your asthma if appropriately managed.","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1490852880","mag":"1490852880","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22771585","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3401686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2408014","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3401686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3401686","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100709550","display_name":"Zhihua Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-7636","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4390-7636"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158318","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhi-Hua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101471099","display_name":"Huahao Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-5480","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0350-5480"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210154954","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease","ror":"https://ror.org/04hja5e04","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210154954"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210158318","display_name":"Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059cjpv64","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210158318"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua-Hao Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, China & State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou, China & State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210154954","https://openalex.org/I4210158318","https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"135","issue":"5","first_page":"573","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10051","display_name":"Asthma and respiratory diseases","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12208","display_name":"Occupational exposure and asthma","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma","display_name":"asthma","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-control","display_name":"asthma control","score":0.9309999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-management","display_name":"asthma management","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airway-hyperresponsiveness","display_name":"airway hyperresponsiveness","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-diagnosis","display_name":"asthma diagnosis","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-function","display_name":"lung function","score":0.6660000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-action-plan","display_name":"asthma action plan","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-education","display_name":"patient education","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-exacerbations","display_name":"asthma exacerbations","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bronchoconstriction","display_name":"bronchoconstriction","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inhaled-corticosteroids","display_name":"inhaled corticosteroids","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-professional-partnership","display_name":"patient-professional partnership","score":0.5289999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/childhood-asthma","display_name":"childhood asthma","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-prevalence","display_name":"asthma prevalence","score":0.32499998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asthma-mortality","display_name":"asthma mortality","score":0.4790000021457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment-adherence","display_name":"medication adherence","score":0.45100000500679016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.65164715051651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.523159384727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4232734143733978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.35907262563705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3009227216243744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.20105889439582825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15014207363128662}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001249","descriptor_name":"Asthma","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2408014","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3401686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:22771585","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22771585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Indian journal of medical research","raw_type":"Editorial"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3401686","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3401686/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Indian J Med Res","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"mag:1490852880","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22771585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2408014","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3401686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972163642","https://openalex.org/W1999092751","https://openalex.org/W2021410451","https://openalex.org/W2038102847","https://openalex.org/W2069330998","https://openalex.org/W2082242655","https://openalex.org/W2110143000","https://openalex.org/W2111792628","https://openalex.org/W2124647361","https://openalex.org/W2132995536","https://openalex.org/W2615778352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2399767733","https://openalex.org/W7112390211","https://openalex.org/W1551289034","https://openalex.org/W1982365097","https://openalex.org/W2558162847","https://openalex.org/W4250298878","https://openalex.org/W1699983903","https://openalex.org/W182242042","https://openalex.org/W3093990920","https://openalex.org/W7010556509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Asthma":[0,76,218,443],"is":[1,42,51,89,212,255,367,447,465,497,512,519,531,595,713,764,892,1013,1168,1261,1338],"a":[2,78,215,327,405,424,468,580,584,842,851,895,900,966,974,999,1077,1092,1101,1262],"chronic":[3],"inflammatory":[4,906,1211,1223],"disorder":[5],"associated":[6,34],"with":[7,35,48,60,302,346,359,428,865,882,941,968,1010,1022,1033,1041,1047,1104,1147,1191,1343,1371],"airway":[8,313,1334],"hyper-responsiveness":[9],"which":[10,41,245,480,899],"leads":[11,246],"to":[12,66,111,118,124,130,134,140,144,159,206,213,247,349,354,375,414,449,487,492,533,537,546,650,661,696,709,714,719,759,776,781,819,871,918,952,972,978,993,997,1003,1067,1083,1100,1126,1220,1328,1354,1365,1403],"recurrent":[13],"episodes":[14,31],"of":[15,70,102,108,116,122,176,188,192,236,253,270,281,284,295,298,305,312,322,326,339,393,411,426,451,461,483,544,560,568,574,586,631,639,647,665,684,704,773,795,801,848,853,877,902,922,932,965,1017,1054,1111,1170,1185,1205,1230,1244,1273,1277,1302,1369,1393],"wheezing,":[16,264,562],"breathlessness,":[17,263],"chest":[18,267,564],"tightness,":[19,565],"and":[20,85,113,143,161,171,197,223,231,266,289,292,341,371,382,401,416,463,490,536,542,549,612,642,654,660,674,692,716,733,740,749,770,798,825,837,846,888,905,948,977,980,1006,1162,1252,1280,1283,1305,1308,1331,1347,1359,1361,1396],"coughing,":[21],"particularly":[22],"at":[23,681,1199],"night":[24],"or":[25,47,233,274,334,566,778,955,987,1129,1238,1291],"in":[26,73,99,204,209,243,336,379,423,467,475,558,609,701,761,767,814,817,880,898,1038,1076,1091,1097,1144,1177,1202,1292,1312,1332],"the":[27,61,71,100,163,169,186,189,282,296,318,330,337,342,347,352,389,394,435,439,445,452,458,473,476,501,515,539,603,615,628,636,663,702,792,799,933,989,1007,1039,1042,1055,1058,1074,1108,1158,1165,1178,1203,1215,1221,1241,1271,1352,1367,1383,1390,1398],"early":[28,637,700,793],"morning.":[29],"These":[30,839],"are":[32,110,238,553,649,670,808,812,949,971,1132,1174,1256,1288,1310],"usually":[33,578],"widespread":[36],"but":[37,307,583],"variable":[38],"airflow":[39,285,652],"obstruction":[40,653],"often":[43,97,256],"reversible":[44],"either":[45],"spontaneously":[46],"treatment1.":[49],"It":[50,891],"estimated":[52],"that":[53,151,752,984,1228,1265,1375],"asthma":[54,109,152,177,193,210,254,323,377,407,412,477,484,496,685,711,763,816,854,867,913,938,943,970,1018,1045,1068,1154,1356,1394],"affects":[55],"300":[56],"million":[57],"individuals":[58],"worldwide,":[59],"prevalence":[62],"ranged":[63],"from":[64,138,361,438,804],"1":[65],"18":[67],"per":[68,920,1028],"cent":[69,921,1029],"population":[72],"different":[74,182],"countries1.":[75],"has":[77,372,1088,1266,1340,1362],"significant":[79],"impact":[80],"on":[81,185,434,457,500,937,1062],"individuals,":[82],"their":[83,224,356,675,705,1120,1404],"families,":[84],"society.":[86],"Although":[87,911],"there":[88,1173],"no":[90],"cure":[91],"for":[92,105,442,521,607,625,928,1270,1321],"asthma,":[93,306,791,829,836,1005,1024],"appropriate":[94,430,861],"management":[95,107,175,321,403],"most":[96,235,604,1043],"results":[98],"achievement":[101],"control.\r\n\r\nThe":[103],"goals":[104],"successful":[106,208,858,1380],"achieve":[112,415,488,710,857,1379],"maintain":[114,119,125,417,493,534],"control":[115,355,462,478,503,511,518,535,712,859,1381],"symptoms,":[117,570],"normal":[120,131,308],"level":[121,460],"activity,":[123],"lung":[126,271,309],"function":[127,272],"as":[128,132,165,167,261,602,656,658,725,894,1087,1107,1180,1182,1249,1300],"close":[129],"possible,":[133,659],"avoid":[135,777],"adverse":[136,1136],"effects":[137,385,1195,1237,1243],"medications,":[139],"prevent":[141,145],"exacerbations,":[142],"mortality1.":[146],"Clinical":[147],"studies":[148],"have":[149,579,600,1235],"shown":[150,374,1090],"can":[153,178,420,525,856,1070,1081,1378,1387,1400],"be":[154,179,207,221,227,421,507,526,694,785,953,998,1071,1127,1141,1197,1318],"effectively":[155],"controlled":[156,499,1094],"by":[157,181,229,258,472,555,572,1156,1213],"intervening":[158],"suppress":[160],"reverse":[162],"inflammation":[164],"well":[166,1181],"treating":[168],"bronchoconstriction":[170],"related":[172,686],"symptoms.":[173],"The":[174,384,622,645],"approached":[180],"ways,":[183],"depending":[184,456],"availability":[187],"various":[190],"forms":[191],"treatment,":[194],"culture":[195],"preference,":[196],"health":[198,343,362,934,1344,1349,1384],"care":[199,344,363,699,935,1345,1385],"systems.\r\n\r\nThe":[200],"first":[201,960],"important":[202,707,1015],"issue":[203],"order":[205],"treatment":[211,464,486,505,524,545,648,676,760,964,1163,1184,1204,1272,1330,1395],"establish":[214,317,538,973],"correct":[216],"diagnosis1.":[217],"symptoms":[219,259,304,769],"may":[220,226,241,315,753,868,985],"intermittent":[222],"significance":[225],"overlooked":[228],"patients":[230,301,427,803,840,855,940,1021,1040,1056,1098,1116,1155,1323,1399],"physicians,":[232],"because":[234,939,1122,1130],"these":[237,569,618,1138],"nonspecific,":[239],"it":[240,926,1125],"result":[242],"misdiagnosis,":[244],"inappropriate":[248],"treatment.":[249],"A":[250],"clinical":[251,418,1293,1313],"diagnosis":[252,297,976],"prompted":[257],"such":[260,1248,1299],"episodic":[262],"cough,":[265,563],"tightness.":[268],"Measurements":[269],"(spirometry":[273],"peak":[275],"expiatory":[276],"flow)":[277],"provide":[278,293],"an":[279,429,1014,1319],"assessment":[280,482],"severity":[283],"limitation,":[286],"its":[287,290],"reversibility,":[288],"variability,":[291],"confirmation":[294],"asthma2.":[299],"For":[300,789],"consistent":[303],"function,":[310],"measurement":[311],"responsiveness":[314],"help":[316],"diagnosis3.\r\n\r\nThe":[319],"effective":[320,766,1189],"requires":[324,677],"development":[325,1290],"partnership":[328],"between":[329],"asthmatic":[331,924],"individual":[332],"(parents":[333],"caregivers":[335],"case":[338],"children)":[340],"professionals,":[345],"aim":[348],"give":[350],"people":[351,1370],"ability":[353],"own":[357],"condition":[358],"guidance":[360],"professionals.":[364],"This":[365],"approach":[366,708],"called":[368],"guided":[369],"self-management":[370],"been":[373,1089,1268,1341],"reduce":[376,717,779,1355],"morbidity":[378],"both":[380,610],"adults":[381],"children1,4,5.":[383],"were":[386],"greatest":[387],"where":[388],"intervention":[390,431,758],"involved":[391],"each":[392],"following":[395],"elements:":[396],"education,":[397],"self-monitoring,":[398],"regular":[399,1034],"review,":[400],"patient-directed":[402],"using":[404],"written":[406],"action":[408],"plan1,5.\r\n\r\nThe":[409],"goal":[410],"medication,":[413],"control,":[419,485,489],"reached":[422],"majority":[425,852],"strategy.":[432],"Based":[433],"new":[436,1284,1391],"guidelines":[437,1392],"Global":[440],"Initiative":[441],"(GINA)1,":[444],"patient":[446,967,1146],"assigned":[448],"one":[450],"five":[453],"\u201ctreatment":[454],"steps\u201d,":[455],"current":[459,502],"adjusted":[466],"continuous":[469],"cycle":[470],"driven":[471],"changes":[474,1086],"status,":[479],"involves":[481],"monitoring":[491,530],"control1.":[494],"If":[495],"not":[498,869,1118,1326],"regimen,":[504],"should":[506,693,784,1140],"stepped":[508,527],"up":[509,845],"until":[510],"achieved.":[513],"On":[514],"contrary,":[516],"when":[517],"maintained":[520],"three":[522],"months,":[523],"down1.":[528],"Ongoing":[529],"essential":[532],"lowest":[540],"step":[541],"dose":[543],"minimize":[547],"cost":[548],"maximize":[550],"safety.\r\n\r\nAsthma":[551],"exacerbations":[552,608,626,669],"characterized":[554],"progressive":[556,581],"increase":[557],"shortness":[559],"breath,":[561],"combination":[567,881],"accompanied":[571],"worsening":[573],"pulmonary":[575],"functions1.":[576],"Exacerbations":[577],"onset":[582],"subset":[585],"patients,":[587,925],"mostly":[588],"adults,":[589],"present":[590],"more":[591,929,945,950,1025],"acutely.":[592],"Respiratory":[593,597],"distress":[594],"common.":[596],"tract":[598],"viruses":[599],"emerged":[601],"frequent":[605],"triggers":[606],"children":[611],"adults;":[613],"however,":[614,863,995],"mechanisms":[616],"underlying":[617],"remain":[619],"poorly":[620],"understood1.":[621],"primary":[623,1109],"therapies":[624],"include":[627],"repetitive":[629],"administration":[630],"rapid":[632,1175],"acting":[633],"inhaled":[634,878,1035],"bronchodilators,":[635],"introduction":[638],"systemic":[640,1193],"glucocorticosteroids,":[641],"oxygen":[643],"supplementation.":[644],"aims":[646],"relieve":[651],"hypoxaemia":[655],"quickly":[657],"plan":[662],"prevention":[664],"future":[666],"relapses.":[667],"Severe":[668],"potentially":[671],"life":[672],"threatening,":[673],"closer":[678,690,843],"supervision.":[679],"Patients":[680],"high":[682,875,1200],"risk":[683,720,782,982],"death":[687],"also":[688,1234],"require":[689,841,956],"attention":[691],"encouraged":[695],"seek":[697],"urgent":[698],"course":[703],"exacerbations.\r\n\r\nAnother":[706],"identify":[715],"exposure":[718,780,807],"factors,":[721],"including":[722,885],"allergies":[723],"(such":[724],"dust":[726],"mites,":[727],"furred":[728],"animals,":[729],"cockroaches,":[730],"fungi,":[731],"pollens":[732],"molds),":[734],"air":[735],"pollutants,":[736],"occupational":[737,790,796,828],"allergies,":[738],"food":[739,741],"additives,":[742],"drugs,":[743],"influenza":[744],"vaccination,":[745],"obesity,":[746,821],"emotion":[747],"stress,":[748],"other":[750,883],"factors":[751,783,983],"exacerbate":[754],"asthma1.":[755],"Though":[756],"pharmacological":[757,1179,1329],"established":[762],"highly":[765],"controlling":[768],"improving":[771],"quality":[772],"life,":[774],"measures":[775],"implemented":[786],"wherever":[787],"possible.":[788],"identification":[794],"sensitizers":[797],"removal":[800],"sensitized":[802],"any":[805],"further":[806],"extremely":[809],"important.\r\n\r\nSpecific":[810],"considerations":[811],"required":[813],"managing":[815],"relation":[818],"pregnancy,":[820],"surgery,":[822],"rhinitis,":[823],"sinusitis,":[824],"nasal":[826],"polyps,":[827],"respiratory":[830],"infections,":[831],"gastroesophageal":[832],"reflux,":[833],"aspirin":[834],"induced":[835],"anaphylaxis.":[838],"follow":[844,1389],"adjustment":[847],"medications1.\r\n\r\nIn":[849],"general,":[850],"after":[860],"medications;":[862],"some":[864,1322],"severe":[866,912,942,969,1044,1148,1153,1186,1206,1274],"respond":[870,1327],"standard":[872],"therapy":[873,1012,1264],"comprising":[874],"doses":[876,1201],"corticosteroids":[879,1190],"medications":[884],"long-acting":[886,1253],"\u03b22-agonists":[887,1251],"leukotriene-receptor":[889],"antagonists6.":[890],"considered":[893],"heterogeneous":[896],"disease":[897,909],"variety":[901],"clinical,":[903],"physiological":[904],"markers":[907],"determine":[908],"severity7.":[910],"comprises":[914],"only":[915,1051],"approximately":[916],"5":[917],"10":[919],"all":[923,1151,1376],"accounts":[927],"than":[930,1026],"half":[931,1053],"spending":[936],"consume":[944],"expensive":[946],"drugs":[947],"likely":[951],"hospitalized":[954],"additional":[957],"medical":[958,1078],"attention6.\r\n\r\nThe":[959],"steps":[961],"towards":[962],"adequate":[963],"secure":[975],"address":[979],"remove":[981],"aggravate":[986],"complicate":[988],"disease.":[990],"Poor":[991],"adherence":[992,1032,1106],"therapy,":[994],"appeared":[996],"major":[1000,1166],"factor":[1001],"contributing":[1002],"difficult-to-treat":[1004,1023],"poor":[1008,1031],"compliance":[1009],"controller":[1011],"determinant":[1016],"severity.":[1019],"In":[1020],"80":[1027],"show":[1030],"therapy8.":[1036],"Even":[1037],"treated":[1046],"maintenance":[1048],"oral":[1049,1059],"prednisolone,":[1050],"about":[1052,1134],"take":[1057,1119],"steroid":[1060],"based":[1061],"plasma":[1063],"prednisolone":[1064],"assays9.":[1065],"Adherence":[1066],"medication":[1069,1121],"improved.":[1072],"Confronting":[1073],"problem":[1075],"concordance":[1079],"interview":[1080],"lead":[1082],"sustained":[1084],"behavioural":[1085],"randomized":[1093],"pilot":[1095],"study":[1096],"referred":[1099],"specialized":[1102],"centre":[1103],"low":[1105],"cause":[1110],"difficult-to-control":[1112],"asthma10.":[1113],"Since":[1114],"many":[1115],"do":[1117,1325],"they":[1123,1131],"perceive":[1124],"unnecessary":[1128],"concerned":[1133],"potential":[1135],"effects,":[1137],"issues":[1139],"addressed":[1142],"systematically":[1143],"every":[1145],"asthma.\r\n\r\nAfter":[1149],"separating":[1150],"true":[1152],"revisiting":[1157],"diagnosis,":[1159],"ongoing":[1160],"exposures":[1161],"adherence,":[1164],"objective":[1167],"optimization":[1169],"therapy.":[1171],"Fortunately,":[1172],"developments":[1176],"non-pharmacological":[1183],"asthma11,12.":[1187],"New":[1188,1246,1295],"less":[1192],"side":[1194],"might":[1196,1233,1239,1317],"used":[1198],"asthma.":[1207,1372],"Corticosteroids":[1208],"switch":[1209],"off":[1210],"genes":[1212],"recruiting":[1214],"nuclear":[1216],"enzyme":[1217,1232],"histone":[1218],"deacetylase-2":[1219],"activated":[1222],"gene":[1224],"initiation":[1225],"site":[1226],"so":[1227],"activators":[1229],"this":[1231],"anti-inflammatory":[1236,1242,1297],"enhance":[1240],"corticosteroids.":[1245],"bronchodilators":[1247],"once-daily":[1250],"muscarinic":[1254],"antagonists":[1255,1287],"being":[1257],"studied.":[1258],"Omalizumab":[1259],"(anti-IgE)":[1260],"novel":[1263],"specifically":[1267],"approved":[1269],"asthma13.":[1275],"Blockade":[1276],"lipid":[1278],"mediators":[1279],"Th2":[1281],"cytokines":[1282],"chemokine":[1285],"receptor":[1286],"under":[1289],"trials.":[1294],"broad-spectrum":[1296],"treatments":[1298],"inhibitors":[1301],"phosphodiesterase-4,":[1303],"kinases,":[1304],"mast":[1306],"cells,":[1307],"antioxidants":[1309],"now":[1311],"development.":[1314],"Bronchial":[1315],"thermoplasty":[1316],"option":[1320],"who":[1324],"whom":[1333],"smooth":[1335],"muscle":[1336],"hypertrophy":[1337],"predominant.\r\n\r\nGINA":[1339],"working":[1342],"professionals":[1346,1386],"public":[1348],"officials":[1350],"around":[1351],"world":[1353],"prevalence,":[1357],"morbidity,":[1358],"mortality,":[1360],"successfully":[1363],"helped":[1364],"improve":[1366],"lives":[1368],"GINA":[1373],"believes":[1374],"asthmatics":[1377],"if":[1382,1397],"carefully":[1388],"fully":[1401],"conform":[1402],"prescription.":[1405]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}