{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1490583453","doi":null,"title":"The Nature of Reference Librarianship.","display_name":"The Nature of Reference Librarianship.","publication_year":1974,"publication_date":"1974-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1490583453","mag":"1490583453"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:1490583453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ101188","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RQ","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077049013","display_name":"Bernard F. Vavrek","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Vavrek","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077049013"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31683168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10712","display_name":"Library Science and Information Literacy","score":0.5967000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10712","display_name":"Library Science and Information Literacy","score":0.5967000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13673","display_name":"Library Science and Information","score":0.21220000088214874,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12289","display_name":"Library Science and Administration","score":0.07900000363588333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3309","display_name":"Library and Information Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-librarianship","display_name":"reference librarianship","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-of-reference","display_name":"theory of reference","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theory-development","display_name":"theory development","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-services","display_name":"reference services","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science-theory","display_name":"library theory","score":0.4309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775945657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381442","display_name":"Structuring","level":2,"score":0.7702616453170776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5476695895195007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778726998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7773068","display_name":"The Void","level":2,"score":0.5330634713172913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.5097166895866394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779772531","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19689164","display_name":"Void (composites)","level":2,"score":0.4231213927268982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.39504051208496094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.30170130729675293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.29277199506759644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.14257067441940308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12094667553901672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.05163097381591797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:1490583453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ101188","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RQ","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2328936546","https://openalex.org/W1503998055","https://openalex.org/W2027030343","https://openalex.org/W1973374893","https://openalex.org/W611140260","https://openalex.org/W1991456888","https://openalex.org/W7099968909","https://openalex.org/W7046835652","https://openalex.org/W2019826285","https://openalex.org/W2113101833"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Time":[0],"has":[1,30,35,48,89],"placed":[2],"a":[3,39],"restraint":[4],"on":[5,82],"one's":[6],"bold":[7],"ness.":[8],"Previously,":[9],"one":[10],"would":[11],"have":[12],"entitled":[13],"this":[14,93],"article,":[15],"The":[86],"Theory":[17,33],"of":[18,63,80,108],".":[19,20,21],",":[22],"rather":[23,104,115],"than":[24],"the":[25,52,57,61,74,99],"more":[26],"generic":[27],"approach":[28],"that":[29],"been":[31,37],"taken.":[32],"development":[34],"never":[36],"really":[38],"focal":[40],"point":[41],"for":[42],"discussion":[43],"among":[44],"reference":[45],"librarians.":[46],"One":[47],"only":[49],"to":[50,55,91,102],"review":[51],"litera":[53,75],"ture":[54,76],"derive":[56],"same":[58],"conclusion.":[59],"With":[60],"exception":[62],"efforts":[64],"from":[65],"such":[66],"individuals":[67],"as":[68],"James":[69],"Wyer":[70],"or":[71],"Samuel":[72],"Rothstein,":[73],"is":[77],"generally":[78],"devoid":[79],"discussions":[81],"ref":[83],"erence":[84],"theory.":[85],"author":[87],"also":[88],"attempted":[90],"shatter":[92],"void":[94],"by":[95],"offering,":[96],"what":[97],"at":[98],"time,":[100],"seemed":[101],"be":[103],"provocative":[105],"discus":[106],"sions":[107],"theory":[109],"structuring.":[110],"In":[111],"retrospect":[112],"they":[113],"look":[114],"weak.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
