{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1490520855","doi":null,"title":"Recovering watermarks from images","display_name":"Recovering watermarks from images","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1490520855","mag":"1490520855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.89.9718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.89.9718","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ise.gmu.edu/techrep/1999/99_04.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014743851","display_name":"Zoran \u0110uri\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-2627","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0387-2627"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zoran Duric","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#George Mason University#N#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#George Mason University#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031168379","display_name":"Neil F. Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-3213","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3224-3213"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Neil F. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#George Mason University#N#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#George Mason University#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010727123","display_name":"Sushil Jajodia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3210-558X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3210-558X","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7122-3055"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushil Jajodia","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N#George Mason University#N#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N#George Mason University#N#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7729,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74658892,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.004000000189989805,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10824","display_name":"Image Retrieval and Classification Techniques","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image-watermarking","display_name":"image watermarking","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark-extraction","display_name":"watermark extraction","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-recognition","display_name":"image recognition","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification-marks","display_name":"identification marks","score":0.8550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affine-distortion","display_name":"affine distortion","score":0.5770000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rotation-and-scaling","display_name":"rotation and scaling","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/normal-flow","display_name":"normal flow","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-restoration","display_name":"image restoration","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-image-authentication","display_name":"digital image authentication","score":0.42399999499320984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7325458526611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7153154611587524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6263279914855957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.5909463167190552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5788880586624146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42781572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250322","display_name":"Digital image","level":4,"score":0.5272300243377686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.5235475897789001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5073162913322449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67101536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5535910","display_name":"George (robot)","level":2,"score":0.48452943563461304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.42408353090286255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74050887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848368","display_name":"Rotation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.41618987917900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27405340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440296","display_name":"Image scaling","level":4,"score":0.4160737991333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.3957960605621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.89.9718","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.89.9718","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://ise.gmu.edu/techrep/1999/99_04.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66557612","https://openalex.org/W79957971","https://openalex.org/W1522884824","https://openalex.org/W1535392888","https://openalex.org/W1539419769","https://openalex.org/W1594271205","https://openalex.org/W1640692037","https://openalex.org/W1788382226","https://openalex.org/W1792236977","https://openalex.org/W1843500453","https://openalex.org/W1855479288","https://openalex.org/W1942845873","https://openalex.org/W2096050104","https://openalex.org/W2096694091","https://openalex.org/W2115699079","https://openalex.org/W2116467012","https://openalex.org/W2135535566","https://openalex.org/W2135622428","https://openalex.org/W2148676448","https://openalex.org/W2150566941","https://openalex.org/W2152131365","https://openalex.org/W2152805953","https://openalex.org/W2159390040","https://openalex.org/W2170436791","https://openalex.org/W2544137582","https://openalex.org/W2899132199","https://openalex.org/W3142067920"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W60796375","https://openalex.org/W7099535949","https://openalex.org/W8980846","https://openalex.org/W1922257555","https://openalex.org/W6922353435","https://openalex.org/W2925273367","https://openalex.org/W2136851806","https://openalex.org/W3204622354","https://openalex.org/W2145488453","https://openalex.org/W130455291"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"techniques":[1,13],"for":[2,33],"watermarking":[3],"of":[4,11,40,51,61],"digital":[5],"images":[6,35,77,115],"have":[7],"appeared":[8],"recently.":[9],"Most":[10],"these":[12],"are":[14],"sensitive":[15],"to":[16,74,97,107],"cropping":[17],"and/or":[18],"a":[19,31,58,90],"ne":[20],"distortions":[21],"(e.g.,":[22],"rotation":[23],"and":[24,78],"scaling).":[25],"In":[26],"this":[27],"paper":[28],"we":[29,88],"describe":[30],"method":[32,45],"recognizing":[34],"based":[36,93],"on":[37,94],"the":[38,44,49,52,84,114],"concept":[39],"identi":[41],"cation":[42],"marks;":[43],"does":[46],"not":[47],"require":[48],"use":[50,89],"\\\\original":[53],"\"":[54],"image,":[55],"but":[56],"only":[57],"small":[59],"number":[60],"salient":[62],"image":[63,85,99,103],"points.":[64],"We":[65],"show":[66],"that,":[67],"using":[68],"our":[69],"method,":[70],"it":[71],"is":[72,86],"possible":[73],"recognize":[75],"distorted":[76],"recover":[79,108],"their":[80,117],"original":[81],"appearances.":[82],"Once":[83],"recognized":[87],"second":[91],"technique":[92],"normal":[95],"ow":[96],"ne-tune":[98],"parameters.":[100],"The":[101],"restored":[102],"can":[104],"be":[105],"used":[106],"watermarks":[109],"that":[110],"were":[111],"embedded":[112],"in":[113],"by":[116],"owner.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-05T12:25:35.769452","created_date":"2025-10-27T00:00:00"}