{"id":"https://openalex.org/W149046030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/jfs12017j","title":"Osteometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in the Sternal End of the Rib in a West African Population","display_name":"Osteometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in the Sternal End of the Rib in a West African Population","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W149046030","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/jfs12017j","mag":"149046030","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10486942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1520/jfs12017j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/jfs12017j","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1520/jfs12017j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62072220","display_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","issn_l":"0022-1198","issn":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091657449","display_name":"Edwin Kwame Wiredu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8328-0647","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8328-0647"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"EK Wiredu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghana Medical School 1 Senior lecturer , Department of Pathology, , PO Box 4236 Accra, Ghana "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghana Medical School 1 Senior lecturer , Department of Pathology, , PO Box 4236 Accra, Ghana ","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041318701","display_name":"Robert Kumoji","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2803053305","display_name":"Korle Bu Teaching Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01vzp6a32","country_code":"GH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2803053305"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Kumoji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korle Bu Teaching Hospital 2 Medical officer , Department of Pathology, , Accra, Ghana "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korle Bu Teaching Hospital 2 Medical officer , Department of Pathology, , Accra, Ghana ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2803053305"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R Seshadri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28046988","display_name":"Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00cb23x68","country_code":"GH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}],"countries":["GH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Seshadri","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology 3 Senior lecturer , Department of Anatomy, , Kumasi, Ghana "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medical Sciences, University of Science and Technology 3 Senior lecturer , Department of Anatomy, , Kumasi, Ghana ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28046988"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111535587","display_name":"R B Biritwum","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"RB Biritwum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ghana Medical School 4 Associate professor , Department of Community Health, , Accra, Ghana "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ghana Medical School 4 Associate professor , Department of Community Health, , Accra, Ghana ","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4330,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4330},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4721,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91767249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"5","first_page":"921","last_page":"925"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10992","display_name":"Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10751","display_name":"Forensic and Genetic Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1311","display_name":"Genetics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11706","display_name":"Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1109","display_name":"Insect Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexual-dimorphism","display_name":"sexual dimorphism","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourth-rib","display_name":"fourth rib","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-determination","display_name":"sex determination","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/osteometry","display_name":"osteometry","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forensic-anthropology","display_name":"forensic anthropology","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/west-african-populations","display_name":"West African populations","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-estimation","display_name":"age estimation","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminant-function-analysis","display_name":"discriminant function analysis","score":0.6620000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105083479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181497","display_name":"Sexual dimorphism","level":2,"score":0.8922420144081116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176979668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28065","display_name":"Forensic anthropology","level":2,"score":0.7466753125190735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41771347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Discriminant function analysis","level":2,"score":0.7415327429771423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.6354347467422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.544470489025116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160306043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2576226","display_name":"Rib cage","level":2,"score":0.47186678647994995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140505726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q495304","display_name":"Forensic science","level":2,"score":0.4424499273300171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.35330313444137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.27988559007644653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2701739966869354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.19160300493240356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.179802805185318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16376525163650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.14579400420188904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.1452201008796692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.11067354679107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005869","descriptor_name":"Ghana","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012272","descriptor_name":"Ribs","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012680","descriptor_name":"Sensitivity and Specificity","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012727","descriptor_name":"Sex Characteristics","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013249","descriptor_name":"Sternum","qualifier_ui":"Q000033","qualifier_name":"anatomy & histology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018732","descriptor_name":"Forensic Anthropology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D018732","descriptor_name":"Forensic Anthropology","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1520/jfs12017j","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1520/jfs12017j","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1520/jfs12017j","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S62072220","display_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","issn_l":"0022-1198","issn":["0022-1198","1556-4029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Forensic Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10486942","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10486942","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of forensic sciences","raw_type":"Comparative Study"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W263607578","https://openalex.org/W1573695335","https://openalex.org/W1639493874","https://openalex.org/W2082527218","https://openalex.org/W2115551334","https://openalex.org/W2167856476","https://openalex.org/W2168556017","https://openalex.org/W2171773031","https://openalex.org/W2318502098","https://openalex.org/W2417921247","https://openalex.org/W2418992728","https://openalex.org/W2419561507","https://openalex.org/W4246117510","https://openalex.org/W4252697471","https://openalex.org/W4292168071"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W263607578","https://openalex.org/W4307810590","https://openalex.org/W2804642879","https://openalex.org/W2088908759","https://openalex.org/W2041552958","https://openalex.org/W2013704835","https://openalex.org/W7219239094","https://openalex.org/W203581366","https://openalex.org/W4312242990","https://openalex.org/W3134441746"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,186],"study,":[1],"and":[2,19,56,62,93,115,153],"others,":[3],"are":[4],"being":[5],"carried":[6],"out":[7],"in":[8,25,33,73,80,112,117,155,173,207],"order":[9],"to":[10,121,150,170,191,203],"establish":[11],"a":[12,162,195],"Forensic":[13],"Anthropology":[14],"databank":[15],"on":[16,42],"age":[17],"estimation":[18],"sex":[20,107,172],"determination":[21,108],"of":[22,30,37,52,64,68,106,129,145,165,180,211],"skeletonized":[23],"remains":[24],"Ghana.":[26],"An":[27],"osteometric":[28],"study":[29,139,164,175],"sexual":[31,205],"dimorphism":[32,206],"the":[34,38,65,69,104,113,118,124,130,134,138,148,177,188,208,212],"sternal":[35,66,209],"end":[36,67,210],"right":[39],"fourth":[40,213],"rib":[41,70],"346":[43],"consecutive":[44],"coroner's":[45],"autopsy":[46],"cases":[47],"(221":[48],"males,":[49],"125":[50],"females)":[51],"known":[53],"age,":[54],"sex,":[55],"race":[57],"was":[58,78],"conducted.":[59],"The":[60,76],"height":[61],"width":[63],"were":[71,140,168,182],"measured":[72],"each":[74],"case.":[75],"sample":[77,95],"analyzed":[79],"three":[81],"groups:":[82],"young":[83,114],"(<":[84],"30":[85,91],"years),":[86,92],"old":[87,119],"(>":[88],"or":[89],"=":[90],"total":[94,125],"(total":[96],"group).":[97],"Stepwise":[98],"discriminant":[99],"function":[100],"analysis":[101,128],"showed":[102,147],"that":[103,194],"accuracy":[105],"varied":[109],"from":[110,137,161],"80%":[111],"74%":[116],"groups":[120],"78%":[122],"for":[123],"group.":[126],"Statistical":[127],"results":[131],"obtained":[132],"when":[133],"functions":[135,149,159],"derived":[136,160],"tested":[141],"using":[142],"another":[143],"batch":[144],"ribs":[146],"be":[151],"effective":[152],"reliable":[154],"determining":[156],"sex.":[157],"When":[158],"previous":[163],"American":[166],"Whites":[167],"used":[169],"determine":[171],"our":[174,192],"sample,":[176],"vast":[178],"majority":[179],"males":[181],"misclassified":[183],"as":[184],"females.":[185],"is":[187],"first":[189],"time,":[190],"knowledge,":[193],"Black":[196],"African":[197],"population":[198],"has":[199],"been":[200],"studied":[201],"osteometrically":[202],"evaluate":[204],"rib.":[214]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}