{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1489721271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","title":"Economic Growth and Low Incomes in Agriculture","display_name":"Economic Growth and Low Incomes in Agriculture","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1489721271","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","mag":"1489721271"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/0002-9092.00104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108337670","display_name":"Bruce L. Gardner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I84218800","display_name":"University of California, Davis","ror":"https://ror.org/05rrcem69","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bruce L. Gardner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland, College Park","Helpful comments were received on earlier versions of some of this material presented at the University of California, Davis","Presidential Address delivered at the AAEA annual meeting (Tampa, FL, August 2000). Invited addresses are not subjected to the Journal's standard refereeing process","UC Berkeley, Iowa State University, and Ohio State University. Special thanks to individuals who provided detailed criticisms and suggestions: Julian Alston, Bob Chambers, Bob Emerson, Wally Huffman, Darrell Hueth, D. Gale Johnson, Erik Lichtenberg, Kevin McNew, Wes Musser, Marc Nerlove, Dan Sumner, and for the assistance of Sumeet Gulati and Liesl Koch"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Maryland, College Park","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Helpful comments were received on earlier versions of some of this material presented at the University of California, Davis","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I84218800"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Presidential Address delivered at the AAEA annual meeting (Tampa, FL, August 2000). Invited addresses are not subjected to the Journal's standard refereeing process","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UC Berkeley, Iowa State University, and Ohio State University. Special thanks to individuals who provided detailed criticisms and suggestions: Julian Alston, Bob Chambers, Bob Emerson, Wally Huffman, Darrell Hueth, D. Gale Johnson, Erik Lichtenberg, Kevin McNew, Wes Musser, Marc Nerlove, Dan Sumner, and for the assistance of Sumeet Gulati and Liesl Koch","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108337670"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158","https://openalex.org/I66946132","https://openalex.org/I84218800","https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":10.3369,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":65,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97707032,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"82","issue":"5","first_page":"1059","last_page":"1074"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.673799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11805","display_name":"Agricultural economics and policies","score":0.673799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11898","display_name":"Economics of Agriculture and Food Markets","score":0.0738999992609024,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13508","display_name":"Agricultural Economics and Practices","score":0.06379999965429306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"economic growth","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/farm-income","display_name":"farm income","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income","display_name":"low income","score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-productivity","display_name":"agricultural productivity","score":0.4009999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-income","display_name":"rural income","score":0.3630000054836273}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6070670485496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.5636350512504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197487636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49892","display_name":"Presidential system","level":3,"score":0.49440646171569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992498528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7979513","display_name":"Presidential address","level":2,"score":0.4310922622680664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46900642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2647","display_name":"Huffman coding","level":3,"score":0.41989439725875854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.39238595962524414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.38227590918540955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.3479825258255005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.3399530053138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.32416290044784546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2980033755302429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28550291061401367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.264362633228302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2304815649986267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.17248141765594482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.13373881578445435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.10290542244911194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.09197309613227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/0002-9092.00104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:82:y:2000:i:5:p:1059-1074","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/0002-9092.00104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.833299994468689,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.7142999768257141,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.41670000553131104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481217440","https://openalex.org/W1523770229","https://openalex.org/W1558188717","https://openalex.org/W1578344515","https://openalex.org/W2006630710","https://openalex.org/W2099556077","https://openalex.org/W2171004782","https://openalex.org/W2289221217","https://openalex.org/W2315475550","https://openalex.org/W3124897968","https://openalex.org/W3125379269"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2374621711","https://openalex.org/W2529688997","https://openalex.org/W284620649","https://openalex.org/W2170038539","https://openalex.org/W2276868485","https://openalex.org/W2258299439","https://openalex.org/W2271079948","https://openalex.org/W2260767964","https://openalex.org/W2080087423","https://openalex.org/W2045735683"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}