{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1487177441","doi":null,"title":"Ownership structure, financial structure and R&D investments: Evidence from Korean firms","display_name":"Ownership structure, financial structure and R&D investments: Evidence from Korean firms","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1487177441","mag":"1487177441"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.650.465","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.650.465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yanghua Chen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yanghua Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4942,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78526608,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.023800000548362732,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/r-d-investment","display_name":"R&D investment","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ownership-structure","display_name":"ownership structure","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/financial-slack","display_name":"financial slack","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage-ratio","display_name":"leverage ratio","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-ownership","display_name":"managerial ownership","score":0.5720000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firm-innovativeness","display_name":"firm innovativeness","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-effect","display_name":"mediating effect","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/korean-firms","display_name":"Korean firms","score":0.7239999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994115028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134763","display_name":"Financial structure","level":2,"score":0.7147682309150696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.6594878435134888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149933338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950816","display_name":"Capital structure","level":3,"score":0.640303373336792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5677135586738586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178300618","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1898509","display_name":"Extant taxon","level":2,"score":0.5538312196731567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.49351322650909424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185874996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q269699","display_name":"Interdependence","level":2,"score":0.47994306683540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759524","display_name":"Organizational structure","level":2,"score":0.4155905544757843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3750939965248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.09114700555801392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.08211719989776611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.650.465","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.650.465","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:uilis.unsyiah.ac.id:1458","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://uilis.unsyiah.ac.id/opentheses/items/show/1458","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196378","display_name":"UPT. Syiah Kuala University Library (Syiah Kuala University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I187494767","host_organization_name":"Universitas Syiah Kuala","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187494767"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1487177441","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1068&context=etd_coll","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.428600013256073,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":124,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W76274009","https://openalex.org/W1517602275","https://openalex.org/W1531341052","https://openalex.org/W1531758582","https://openalex.org/W1540403519","https://openalex.org/W1605684110","https://openalex.org/W1606272114","https://openalex.org/W1618969555","https://openalex.org/W1910832905","https://openalex.org/W1972336646","https://openalex.org/W1973033485","https://openalex.org/W1974924514","https://openalex.org/W1975095643","https://openalex.org/W1979927021","https://openalex.org/W1983095876","https://openalex.org/W1984640356","https://openalex.org/W1987715081","https://openalex.org/W1990866741","https://openalex.org/W1990925122","https://openalex.org/W1994008784","https://openalex.org/W1994463998","https://openalex.org/W2003428021","https://openalex.org/W2003479660","https://openalex.org/W2006171227","https://openalex.org/W2006332974","https://openalex.org/W2007893250","https://openalex.org/W2009914549","https://openalex.org/W2016256006","https://openalex.org/W2020418181","https://openalex.org/W2023554292","https://openalex.org/W2024620352","https://openalex.org/W2025610165","https://openalex.org/W2028436159","https://openalex.org/W2029249413","https://openalex.org/W2030795990","https://openalex.org/W2031545769","https://openalex.org/W2032773319","https://openalex.org/W2034120210","https://openalex.org/W2041790104","https://openalex.org/W2043889618","https://openalex.org/W2046847749","https://openalex.org/W2048517513","https://openalex.org/W2053898698","https://openalex.org/W2054562760","https://openalex.org/W2056549006","https://openalex.org/W2057243924","https://openalex.org/W2059117843","https://openalex.org/W2059369273","https://openalex.org/W2062863452","https://openalex.org/W2072103208","https://openalex.org/W2072806856","https://openalex.org/W2075773523","https://openalex.org/W2085343068","https://openalex.org/W2088997823","https://openalex.org/W2089020611","https://openalex.org/W2093524702","https://openalex.org/W2094132302","https://openalex.org/W2096067571","https://openalex.org/W2096330200","https://openalex.org/W2097247284","https://openalex.org/W2099219227","https://openalex.org/W2099268311","https://openalex.org/W2105490130","https://openalex.org/W2106495552","https://openalex.org/W2107689711","https://openalex.org/W2109360003","https://openalex.org/W2111384383","https://openalex.org/W2111558694","https://openalex.org/W2116844904","https://openalex.org/W2120744852","https://openalex.org/W2122007741","https://openalex.org/W2123717408","https://openalex.org/W2124597406","https://openalex.org/W2124818750","https://openalex.org/W2126114123","https://openalex.org/W2126186544","https://openalex.org/W2128896393","https://openalex.org/W2129734081","https://openalex.org/W2130382440","https://openalex.org/W2131538393","https://openalex.org/W2132920812","https://openalex.org/W2133369488","https://openalex.org/W2135197917","https://openalex.org/W2137800026","https://openalex.org/W2139047515","https://openalex.org/W2139981886","https://openalex.org/W2141116345","https://openalex.org/W2144470805","https://openalex.org/W2145814791","https://openalex.org/W2151699494","https://openalex.org/W2153224480","https://openalex.org/W2154127363","https://openalex.org/W2155686058","https://openalex.org/W2158039327","https://openalex.org/W2162012454","https://openalex.org/W2169113576","https://openalex.org/W2170790204","https://openalex.org/W2170893298","https://openalex.org/W2204661759","https://openalex.org/W2328534103","https://openalex.org/W2410781171","https://openalex.org/W2642534790","https://openalex.org/W2752617332","https://openalex.org/W2795406634","https://openalex.org/W2891651322","https://openalex.org/W3023499496","https://openalex.org/W3121131820","https://openalex.org/W3121297842","https://openalex.org/W3121332075","https://openalex.org/W3121813703","https://openalex.org/W3121947872","https://openalex.org/W3122338549","https://openalex.org/W3122367790","https://openalex.org/W3122516223","https://openalex.org/W3122651423","https://openalex.org/W3122859634","https://openalex.org/W3123562738","https://openalex.org/W3123745296","https://openalex.org/W3123986134","https://openalex.org/W3124114405","https://openalex.org/W3124836373","https://openalex.org/W3125178810","https://openalex.org/W3125748343","https://openalex.org/W4247301827"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7014084183","https://openalex.org/W2096330200","https://openalex.org/W7097839648","https://openalex.org/W1480299535","https://openalex.org/W7096429125","https://openalex.org/W1514803400","https://openalex.org/W2002656684","https://openalex.org/W1492002733","https://openalex.org/W7055882040","https://openalex.org/W3017035602"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"factors":[1,147],"that":[2,70,145,155],"can":[3],"enhance":[4],"a":[5,35],"firm\u201fs":[6,80,174],"innovativeness":[7],"is":[8,32,50],"of":[9,26,41,79,120,130,133,163],"critical":[10],"concern":[11],"in":[12,17,34],"management":[13],"research.":[14],"Prior":[15],"studies":[16],"strategy":[18],"and":[19,43,56,66,86,93,104,117,127,152],"financial":[20,44,57,87,102,110,146,150],"economics":[21],"have":[22],"advanced":[23],"our":[24],"understanding":[25],"how":[27],"resource":[28],"allocation":[29],"into":[30],"innovation":[31],"shaped":[33],"firm,":[36],"mainly":[37],"from":[38,139],"the":[39,47,77,125],"perspectives":[40],"ownership":[42,55,85,99,134,171],"structures.":[45,88,111],"However,":[46],"extant":[48],"literature":[49],"incomplete,":[51],"because":[52],"it":[53],"treats":[54],"structures":[58],"as":[59,149,161],"separate":[60],"determinants,":[61],"even":[62],"though":[63],"theoretical":[64],"arguments":[65],"empirical":[67],"evidences":[68],"suggest":[69],"they":[71],"are":[72,96,107,166],"interdependent.":[73],"This":[74],"study":[75],"investigates":[76],"determinants":[78,162],"R&D":[81,136,164],"investments":[82,165],"by":[83,91],"bridging":[84],"Ownerships":[89],"held":[90],"inside":[92],"external":[94],"owners":[95],"considered":[97,108,160],"for":[98,109],"structure,":[100],"while":[101],"slack":[103,151],"leverage":[105,153],"ratio":[106,154],"Exploiting":[112],"simultaneous":[113],"equation":[114],"modeling":[115],"technique":[116],"data":[118],"sample":[119],"Korean":[121],"firms,":[122],"I":[123],"found":[124],"direct":[126],"indirect":[128],"effects":[129],"different":[131],"types":[132],"on":[135],"investments.":[137],"Different":[138],"previous":[140],"studies,":[141],"this":[142],"paper":[143],"showed":[144],"such":[148],"were":[156],"used":[157],"to":[158],"be":[159],"just":[167],"mediators":[168],"through":[169],"which":[170],"structure":[172],"affects":[173],"strategic":[175],"decision":[176],"indirectly.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
