{"id":"https://openalex.org/W148654771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6343","title":"Biofilm formation by the anaerobic pathogen Clostridium difficile","display_name":"Biofilm formation by the anaerobic pathogen Clostridium difficile","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W148654771","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6343","mag":"148654771"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:amsdottorato.cib.unibo.it:6343","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400630","display_name":"AMS Dottorato Institutional Doctoral Theses Repository (University of Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","host_organization_name":"University of Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tesi di dottorato"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049846297","display_name":"Tanja \u0110apa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-362X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5989-362X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dapa, Tanja <1986>","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5049846297"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00931151,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.7559000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11288","display_name":"Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research","score":0.7559000253677368,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10593","display_name":"Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing","score":0.24070000648498535,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10943","display_name":"Escherichia coli research studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2404","display_name":"Microbiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridioides-difficile","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biofilm-formation","display_name":"biofilm formation","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clostridium-difficile-infection","display_name":"Clostridium difficile infection","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vancomycin-resistance","display_name":"vancomycin resistance","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flagella","display_name":"flagella","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spo0a","display_name":"Spo0A","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rsbw","display_name":"RsbW","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sporulation","display_name":"sporulation","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virulence-factors","display_name":"virulence factors","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gastrointestinal-colonization","display_name":"intestinal colonization","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-resistance","display_name":"antibiotic resistance","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58123911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467410","display_name":"Biofilm","level":3,"score":0.9526327848434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.8952766060829163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994496256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27031090","display_name":"Clostridium difficile","level":3,"score":0.7904725074768066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60987743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1460232","display_name":"Virulence","level":3,"score":0.7583639621734619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.646020233631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781090273","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1623405","display_name":"Virulence factor","level":4,"score":0.543546199798584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776460866","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170065","display_name":"Pathogen","level":2,"score":0.540373682975769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118687296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905754","display_name":"Quorum sensing","level":4,"score":0.48899638652801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.4632014334201813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.40244510769844055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.23648402094841003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.10932397842407227}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:amsdottorato.cib.unibo.it:6343","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400630","display_name":"AMS Dottorato Institutional Doctoral Theses Repository (University of Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","host_organization_name":"University of Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tesi di dottorato"},{"id":"doi:10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6343","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsdottorato/6343","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050985","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bologna","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"mag:148654771","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:3143449447","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:amsdottorato.cib.unibo.it:6343","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","pdf_url":"http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6343/1/DAPA_Tanja_Tesi.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400630","display_name":"AMS Dottorato Institutional Doctoral Theses Repository (University of Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","host_organization_name":"University of Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Tesi di dottorato"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8560000061988831}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W148654771.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W148654771.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":167,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1528273806","https://openalex.org/W1549526607","https://openalex.org/W1823383792","https://openalex.org/W1826314932","https://openalex.org/W1837590098","https://openalex.org/W1837686887","https://openalex.org/W1927570869","https://openalex.org/W1936857818","https://openalex.org/W1942644614","https://openalex.org/W1945765509","https://openalex.org/W1964001208","https://openalex.org/W1967007681","https://openalex.org/W1968226573","https://openalex.org/W1968953113","https://openalex.org/W1969244937","https://openalex.org/W1970462201","https://openalex.org/W1972435034","https://openalex.org/W1974085861","https://openalex.org/W1975635548","https://openalex.org/W1978693132","https://openalex.org/W1979954621","https://openalex.org/W1980604167","https://openalex.org/W1981369081","https://openalex.org/W1982777646","https://openalex.org/W1986408760","https://openalex.org/W1988595630","https://openalex.org/W1989942811","https://openalex.org/W1991471393","https://openalex.org/W1992174684","https://openalex.org/W1995687898","https://openalex.org/W1996646253","https://openalex.org/W1997063790","https://openalex.org/W1997757551","https://openalex.org/W2001561218","https://openalex.org/W2003114988","https://openalex.org/W2003208348","https://openalex.org/W2004559916","https://openalex.org/W2004614746","https://openalex.org/W2007890464","https://openalex.org/W2008429377","https://openalex.org/W2012117313","https://openalex.org/W2012539366","https://openalex.org/W2013818359","https://openalex.org/W2020657021","https://openalex.org/W2022288015","https://openalex.org/W2022515934","https://openalex.org/W2023956150","https://openalex.org/W2025024815","https://openalex.org/W2028790693","https://openalex.org/W2030404620","https://openalex.org/W2032512655","https://openalex.org/W2032647814","https://openalex.org/W2032808656","https://openalex.org/W2035402183","https://openalex.org/W2035820635","https://openalex.org/W2036534864","https://openalex.org/W2039769468","https://openalex.org/W2040132528","https://openalex.org/W2041418306","https://openalex.org/W2042360223","https://openalex.org/W2044128702","https://openalex.org/W2045373518","https://openalex.org/W2047204678","https://openalex.org/W2047821263","https://openalex.org/W2048716195","https://openalex.org/W2049355215","https://openalex.org/W2050477232","https://openalex.org/W2052149039","https://openalex.org/W2052205534","https://openalex.org/W2055294982","https://openalex.org/W2056981303","https://openalex.org/W2062879226","https://openalex.org/W2067477145","https://openalex.org/W2067501997","https://openalex.org/W2067983754","https://openalex.org/W2069228394","https://openalex.org/W2070300719","https://openalex.org/W2071789812","https://openalex.org/W2074766822","https://openalex.org/W2076243547","https://openalex.org/W2077103365","https://openalex.org/W2077865765","https://openalex.org/W2078443771","https://openalex.org/W2079698171","https://openalex.org/W2081373054","https://openalex.org/W2081939180","https://openalex.org/W2084524312","https://openalex.org/W2085560274","https://openalex.org/W2086603752","https://openalex.org/W2087008980","https://openalex.org/W2087177330","https://openalex.org/W2090646249","https://openalex.org/W2092094599","https://openalex.org/W2092740268","https://openalex.org/W2095415260","https://openalex.org/W2096274970","https://openalex.org/W2099047627","https://openalex.org/W2101222303","https://openalex.org/W2101233913","https://openalex.org/W2102459023","https://openalex.org/W2103858317","https://openalex.org/W2103917250","https://openalex.org/W2104518766","https://openalex.org/W2107827960","https://openalex.org/W2109876698","https://openalex.org/W2110030031","https://openalex.org/W2110146873","https://openalex.org/W2110324548","https://openalex.org/W2112036104","https://openalex.org/W2112461089","https://openalex.org/W2113290233","https://openalex.org/W2113460967","https://openalex.org/W2115366678","https://openalex.org/W2115933619","https://openalex.org/W2116364469","https://openalex.org/W2118936225","https://openalex.org/W2119483434","https://openalex.org/W2119634475","https://openalex.org/W2120420920","https://openalex.org/W2122380144","https://openalex.org/W2122608498","https://openalex.org/W2122836009","https://openalex.org/W2122863821","https://openalex.org/W2123366827","https://openalex.org/W2124954246","https://openalex.org/W2125181303","https://openalex.org/W2125603952","https://openalex.org/W2126952238","https://openalex.org/W2127067932","https://openalex.org/W2127597865","https://openalex.org/W2127968529","https://openalex.org/W2135110121","https://openalex.org/W2135801144","https://openalex.org/W2135921763","https://openalex.org/W2138358104","https://openalex.org/W2138378485","https://openalex.org/W2138447835","https://openalex.org/W2139037127","https://openalex.org/W2140492232","https://openalex.org/W2142902947","https://openalex.org/W2143027164","https://openalex.org/W2143768216","https://openalex.org/W2144440398","https://openalex.org/W2144447845","https://openalex.org/W2144509456","https://openalex.org/W2144519105","https://openalex.org/W2144821695","https://openalex.org/W2146141525","https://openalex.org/W2146866510","https://openalex.org/W2147218692","https://openalex.org/W2149886824","https://openalex.org/W2152931975","https://openalex.org/W2155894000","https://openalex.org/W2158670112","https://openalex.org/W2160721575","https://openalex.org/W2161158059","https://openalex.org/W2161990844","https://openalex.org/W2162863229","https://openalex.org/W2163423623","https://openalex.org/W2165928400","https://openalex.org/W2167468292","https://openalex.org/W2168177244","https://openalex.org/W2169155899","https://openalex.org/W2170045465","https://openalex.org/W2171050239","https://openalex.org/W2171924319","https://openalex.org/W2419194468"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162228116","https://openalex.org/W2085694425","https://openalex.org/W3196783510","https://openalex.org/W1967007681","https://openalex.org/W4390581577","https://openalex.org/W7134441593","https://openalex.org/W4403583398","https://openalex.org/W4311050670","https://openalex.org/W7148491468","https://openalex.org/W2982144911"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Clostridium":[0],"difficile":[1,79,101,167,201,276],"is":[2,14,66,120,277],"an":[3,10],"obligate":[4],"anaerobic,":[5],"Gram-positive,":[6],"endospore-forming":[7],"bacterium.":[8],"Although":[9],"opportunistic":[11],"pathogen,":[12],"it":[13],"one":[15],"of":[16,20,33,51,88,122,175,183,191,219,224,252,265],"the":[17,29,36,106,110,192,204,231,237,292],"important":[18],"causes":[19],"healthcare-associated":[21],"infections.":[22,64],"While":[23],"toxins":[24],"TcdA":[25],"and":[26,61,86,105,125,143,185,188,263,282],"TcdB":[27],"are":[28,151,169],"main":[30],"virulence":[31,85],"factors":[32,37],"C.":[34,78,89,100,158,166,200,266,275],"difficile,":[35,90],"or":[38],"processes":[39],"involved":[40],"in":[41,84,109,116,165,213,230,260,291],"gut":[42,73],"colonization":[43],"during":[44],"infection":[45],"remain":[46],"unclear.":[47],"The":[48],"biofilm-forming":[49],"ability":[50],"bacterial":[52],"pathogens":[53],"has":[54,257],"been":[55],"associated":[56],"with":[57],"increased":[58],"antibiotic":[59,194],"resistance":[60],"chronic":[62],"recurrent":[63],"Little":[65],"known":[67],"about":[68],"biofilm":[69,155,196,214,261,272],"formation":[70,76,156,262,273],"by":[71,77,157,274],"anaerobic":[72],"species.":[74],"Biofilm":[75,118],"could":[80],"play":[81],"a":[82,144,177,225,249,258,278,285],"role":[83,259],"persistence":[87,290],"as":[91],"seen":[92],"for":[93,153,181,288],"other":[94],"intestinal":[95],"pathogens.":[96],"We":[97,244],"demonstrate":[98,162,246],"that":[99,138,163,186,247,271],"clinical":[102,199],"strains,":[103],"630,":[104],"strain":[107],"isolated":[108],"outbreak,":[111],"R20291,":[112],"form":[113],"structured":[114],"biofilms":[115,168],"vitro.":[117],"matrix":[119],"made":[121],"proteins,":[123,140],"DNA":[124],"polysaccharide.":[126],"Strain":[127],"R20291":[128],"accumulates":[129],"substantially":[130],"more":[131,170],"biofilm.":[132],"Employing":[133],"isogenic":[134],"mutants,":[135],"we":[136,161],"show":[137,211],"virulence-associated":[139],"Cwp84,":[141],"flagella":[142],"putative":[145],"quorum":[146],"sensing":[147],"regulator,":[148],"LuxS,":[149],"Spo0A,":[150],"required":[152],"maximal":[154],"difficile.":[159,267],"Moreover":[160],"bacteria":[164],"resistant":[171],"to":[172],"high":[173],"concentrations":[174,190],"vancomycin,":[176],"drug":[178],"commonly":[179],"used":[180],"treatment":[182],"CDI,":[184],"inhibitory":[187],"sub-inhibitory":[189],"same":[193,205],"induce":[195],"formation.":[197,215],"Surprisingly,":[198],"strains":[202,221],"from":[203,208],"out-break,":[206],"but":[207],"different":[209],"origin,":[210],"differences":[212],"Genome":[216],"sequence":[217],"analysis":[218],"these":[220],"showed":[222],"presence":[223],"single":[226],"nucleoide":[227],"polymorphism":[228],"(SNP)":[229],"anti-\u03c3":[232],"factor":[233,241,255],"RsbW,":[234,248],"which":[235],"regulates":[236],"stress-induced":[238],"alternative":[239,253],"sigma":[240,254],"B":[242],"(\u03c3B).":[243],"further":[245],"negative":[250],"regulator":[251],"B,":[256],"sporulation":[264],"Our":[268],"data":[269],"suggest":[270],"complex":[279],"multifactorial":[280],"process":[281],"may":[283],"be":[284],"crucial":[286],"mechanism":[287],"clostridial":[289],"host.":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
