{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1486072152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j049v06n03_05","title":"Intermediate Supermarkets in China","display_name":"Intermediate Supermarkets in China","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-08-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1486072152","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j049v06n03_05","mag":"1486072152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1300/j049v06n03_05","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j049v06n03_05","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j049v06n03_05","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77392188","display_name":"Journal of Marketing Channels","issn_l":"1046-669X","issn":["1046-669X","1540-7039"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marketing Channels","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051131651","display_name":"Arieh Goldman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arieh Goldman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jerusalem School of Business Administration, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jerusalem School of Business Administration, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhao Qin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I11406153","display_name":"Shanghai International Studies University","ror":"https://ror.org/01bn89z48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I11406153"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhao Qin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11406153"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I11406153"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86744941,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"3-4","first_page":"87","last_page":"108"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.7103999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.7103999853134155,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.24289999902248383,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12933","display_name":"Franchising Strategies and Performance","score":0.02239999920129776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supermarket-chains","display_name":"supermarket chains","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-owned-enterprises","display_name":"state-owned enterprises","score":0.6759999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-entrepreneurs","display_name":"private entrepreneurs","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/franchising","display_name":"franchising","score":0.953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shanghai","display_name":"Shanghai","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-retail","display_name":"rural retail","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-cities","display_name":"secondary cities","score":0.8410000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.9040155410766602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7658039927482605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.7419463396072388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.6367674469947815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.41746002435684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.37677717208862305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.16296616196632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1604796051979065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07859674096107483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07086554169654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1300/j049v06n03_05","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j049v06n03_05","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1300/j049v06n03_05","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S77392188","display_name":"Journal of Marketing Channels","issn_l":"1046-669X","issn":["1046-669X","1540-7039"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320547","host_organization_name":"Taylor & Francis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320547","https://openalex.org/P4310320449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Taylor & Francis","Informa"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Marketing Channels","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579437028","https://openalex.org/W584069860","https://openalex.org/W1506639856","https://openalex.org/W1535778627","https://openalex.org/W1569265297","https://openalex.org/W1596292327","https://openalex.org/W1641625664","https://openalex.org/W1969311489","https://openalex.org/W1972894160","https://openalex.org/W1979886893","https://openalex.org/W1983916291","https://openalex.org/W2003624392","https://openalex.org/W2013297465","https://openalex.org/W2019812683","https://openalex.org/W2039503954","https://openalex.org/W2040545886","https://openalex.org/W2043930698","https://openalex.org/W2059125822","https://openalex.org/W2066890263","https://openalex.org/W2084555774","https://openalex.org/W2088367599","https://openalex.org/W2143245350","https://openalex.org/W2169920730","https://openalex.org/W2330433754","https://openalex.org/W4301171116","https://openalex.org/W4302322841","https://openalex.org/W4383905266"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1983202925","https://openalex.org/W2023202107","https://openalex.org/W2167309405","https://openalex.org/W4250418522","https://openalex.org/W2579576669","https://openalex.org/W3191630271","https://openalex.org/W2393328972","https://openalex.org/W4389684788","https://openalex.org/W1764753982","https://openalex.org/W7112870900"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intermediate":[0],"supermarket":[1,25,42,142],"formats":[2,55,115,171],"share":[3],"characteristics":[4],"of":[5,10,40,49,52,65,80,83,103,123,146],"traditional":[6,87],"food":[7,33,74,88,132],"stores":[8,67,85],"and":[9,63,68,94,105,108,185],"the":[11,19,23,31,38,41,47,60,73,81,99,118,128,141,149,159],"modern":[12],"supermarket.":[13,120],"Because":[14],"they":[15,26,152],"represent":[16],"steps":[17],"on":[18,148],"evolutionary":[20],"path":[21],"towards":[22],"\u201ccomplete\u201d":[24,119],"offer":[27],"an":[28],"alternative":[29],"to":[30,72,112,139,174],"dominant":[32],"retail":[34,75,100,133],"modernization":[35,76,134],"route":[36],"involving":[37],"transplantation":[39],"model.":[43],"The":[44,121],"paper":[45],"reports":[46],"findings":[48],"a":[50,176],"study":[51],"these":[53,66,84,114,162],"intermediate":[54,163,170],"in":[56,135,180,183,186,189],"Shanghai.":[57],"We":[58],"discuss":[59],"origins,":[61],"structure":[62],"operation":[64],"evaluate":[69],"their":[70],"contribution":[71],"process.":[77],"Surprisingly,":[78],"few":[79],"operators":[82],"were":[86,91],"retailers.":[89],"Most":[90],"state-owned":[92],"companies":[93],"private":[95],"entrepreneurs":[96],"from":[97],"outside":[98],"sector.":[101],"Lack":[102],"managerial":[104],"financial":[106],"resources":[107],"inexperience":[109],"led":[110],"many":[111],"open":[113],"rather":[116],"than":[117],"weakness":[122],"this":[124],"subsector":[125],"means":[126],"that":[127,169],"main":[129],"vehicle":[130],"for":[131],"Shanghai":[136],"will":[137],"continue":[138],"be":[140],"chains.":[143],"But":[144],"because":[145],"limitations":[147],"chain's":[150],"expansion,":[151],"may":[153],"enter":[154],"into":[155],"franchising":[156],"arrangements":[157],"with":[158],"best":[160],"among":[161],"supermarkets.":[164],"Finally,":[165],"it":[166],"is":[167],"suggested":[168],"are":[172],"likely":[173],"play":[175],"more":[177],"important":[178],"role":[179],"secondary":[181],"cities,":[182],"towns":[184],"rural":[187],"areas":[188],"China.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-25T08:18:29.962427","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
