{"id":"https://openalex.org/W148180863","doi":null,"title":"Indirect and Direct Teaching in a Whole Language Program.","display_name":"Indirect and Direct Teaching in a Whole Language Program.","publication_year":1988,"publication_date":"1988-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W148180863","mag":"148180863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:148180863","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ377455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145511678","display_name":"The Reading Teacher","issn_l":"0034-0561","issn":["0034-0561","1936-2714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Reading Teacher","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083974507","display_name":"Helen B. Slaughter","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Helen B. Slaughter","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083974507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2760,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2760},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2889,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98368926,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"1","first_page":"30","last_page":"34"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13061","display_name":"Literacy and Educational Practices","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/whole-language-approach","display_name":"whole language approach","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indirect-teaching","display_name":"indirect teaching","score":0.7390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-instruction","display_name":"direct instruction","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-instruction","display_name":"reading instruction","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/literacy-education","display_name":"literacy education","score":0.46000000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7042393684387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165364887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1418197","display_name":"Whole language","level":3,"score":0.6361094117164612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5776849985122681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88610354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813494","display_name":"Teaching method","level":2,"score":0.5417782068252563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10050518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q975085","display_name":"Primary education","level":2,"score":0.5044759511947632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3931231200695038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.3774084448814392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:148180863","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ377455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S145511678","display_name":"The Reading Teacher","issn_l":"0034-0561","issn":["0034-0561","1936-2714"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Reading Teacher","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88463931","https://openalex.org/W191506881","https://openalex.org/W607121064","https://openalex.org/W1480062598","https://openalex.org/W1530186204","https://openalex.org/W1530615641","https://openalex.org/W1533049685","https://openalex.org/W2531728076","https://openalex.org/W2725052495"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W72385911","https://openalex.org/W7056075830","https://openalex.org/W260893772","https://openalex.org/W31305787","https://openalex.org/W268977676","https://openalex.org/W362384172","https://openalex.org/W247624164","https://openalex.org/W280071703","https://openalex.org/W258585505","https://openalex.org/W2809669300"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}