{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1480200053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12053","title":"Democratic Legitimacy in the B und or \u2018Federation of States\u2019: the Cases of B elgium and the EU","display_name":"Democratic Legitimacy in the B und or \u2018Federation of States\u2019: the Cases of B elgium and the EU","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1480200053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12053","mag":"1480200053"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/eulj.12053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117125115","display_name":"European Law Journal","issn_l":"1351-5993","issn":["1351-5993","1468-0386"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009804087","display_name":"Stefan Rummens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-2585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-2585"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Rummens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Moral Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy KU Leuven  Belgium","KU Leuven Moral Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Moral Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy KU Leuven  Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KU Leuven Moral Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040016455","display_name":"Stefan Sottiaux","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6455-4796","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6455-4796"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99464096","display_name":"KU Leuven","ror":"https://ror.org/05f950310","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Sottiaux","raw_affiliation_strings":["Constitutional and Administrative Law KU Leuven Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Constitutional and Administrative Law KU Leuven Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99464096"],"apc_list":{"value":3570,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3570},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0526,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91609959,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"4","first_page":"568","last_page":"587"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12619","display_name":"Political Systems and Governance","score":0.4323999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12619","display_name":"Political Systems and Governance","score":0.4323999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13710","display_name":"European and International Law Studies","score":0.38089999556541443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.08579999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carl-schmitt","display_name":"Carl Schmitt","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/democratic-legitimacy","display_name":"democratic legitimacy","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/belgian-federalism","display_name":"Belgian federalism","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-union","display_name":"European Union","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-making-methods","display_name":"decision procedures","score":0.6800000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-theory","display_name":"constitutional theory","score":0.4749999940395355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federalism","display_name":"federalism","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confederation","display_name":"confederation","score":0.6779999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.8559055328369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.7545843124389648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2991994803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Democratic legitimacy","level":4,"score":0.6976420879364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44725695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288156","display_name":"Normative","level":2,"score":0.6912374496459961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6389747858047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019953208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159","display_name":"Russian federation","level":2,"score":0.595431923866272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5508447289466858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.4313701391220093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.4152563512325287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.37589484453201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.27433085441589355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1545020341873169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.12526819109916687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0764695405960083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148383697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1781695","display_name":"Regional science","level":1,"score":0.06737726926803589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/eulj.12053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12053","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/eulj.12053","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117125115","display_name":"European Law Journal","issn_l":"1351-5993","issn":["1351-5993","1468-0386"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"European Law Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"mag:2590098077","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/550441","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2590098077","https://openalex.org/W2896741669","https://openalex.org/W3036832930","https://openalex.org/W581351768","https://openalex.org/W7038988838","https://openalex.org/W2482788730","https://openalex.org/W2102199511","https://openalex.org/W4285244219","https://openalex.org/W1486875870","https://openalex.org/W2095287937"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Carl":[1],"Schmitt":[2],"developed":[3],"the":[4,7,23,32,47,51,62,66,77,102,109],"concept":[5],"of":[6,9,25,34,36,50,53,65,87,91,101,105],"\u2018federation":[8,52],"states\u2019":[10,54],"(Bund)":[11],"in":[12],"order":[13],"to":[14],"characterise":[15],"intermediate":[16],"constitutional":[17,48,110],"systems":[18],"which":[19],"are":[20,115],"integrated":[21],"beyond":[22],"level":[24,33],"a":[26,71,89],"confederation":[27],"(Staatenbund)":[28],"without,":[29],"however,":[30],"acquiring":[31],"integration":[35],"an":[37],"actual":[38],"federal":[39],"state":[40],"(Bundesstaat).":[41],"In":[42],"this":[43,96],"paper":[44],"we":[45],"analyse":[46],"specificity":[49],"and":[55,80,93,108,111],"present":[56],"three":[57],"normative":[58],"principles":[59],"for":[60],"assessing":[61],"democratic":[63,112],"legitimacy":[64],"decision\u2010making":[67],"procedures":[68],"within":[69],"such":[70,88],"federation.":[72],"We":[73],"argue":[74],"that":[75],"both":[76,106],"European":[78],"Union":[79],"Belgium":[81],"can":[82],"be":[83],"analysed":[84],"as":[85],"instances":[86],"federation":[90],"states":[92],"show":[94],"how":[95],"characterisation":[97],"improves":[98],"our":[99],"understanding":[100],"evolutionary":[103],"dynamics":[104],"polities":[107],"challenges":[113],"they":[114],"facing.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}