{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1479878154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","title":"Evaluation of drug use in Jordan using WHO prescribing indicators","display_name":"Evaluation of drug use in Jordan using WHO prescribing indicators","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-06-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1479878154","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","mag":"1479878154","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15603035"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175879142","display_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","issn_l":"1020-3397","issn":["1020-3397","1687-1634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319663","host_organization_name":"World Health Organization","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319663","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Health Organization","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073805854","display_name":"Sameer Abd-Alkareem Otoom","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I156983542","display_name":"Jordan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03y8mtb59","country_code":"JO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}],"countries":["JO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Otoom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I156983542"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073248609","display_name":"Anwar M Batieha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8639-2807","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8639-2807"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Batieha","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018751216","display_name":"H. Hadidi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Hadidi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"M. Hasan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Hasan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024770475","display_name":"K. Al Saudi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Al Saudi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2307,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92113879,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"4-5","first_page":"537","last_page":"543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.459199994802475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.459199994802475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10897","display_name":"Antibiotic Use and Resistance","score":0.26249998807907104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2402","display_name":"Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.19460000097751617,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prescribing-patterns","display_name":"prescribing patterns","score":0.609000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/who-prescribing-indicators","display_name":"WHO prescribing indicators","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rational-drug-use","display_name":"rational drug use","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-overprescribing","display_name":"antibiotic overprescription","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generic-prescribing","display_name":"generic prescribing","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/essential-medicines-list","display_name":"essential medicines list","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-care","display_name":"primary care","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-applications","display_name":"pharmaceutical applications","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/irbid-governorate","display_name":"Irbid Governorate","score":0.7870000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2426938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3355478","display_name":"Medical prescription","level":2,"score":0.8376756906509399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8070218563079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52438962","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1555139","display_name":"Rationalization (economics)","level":2,"score":0.6013423204421997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780035454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8386","display_name":"Drug","level":2,"score":0.5704556703567505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909998350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35456","display_name":"Essential drugs","level":4,"score":0.5317363142967224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.5049262642860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163432668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q623543","display_name":"Primary health care","level":3,"score":0.43062734603881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.4235302209854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.42264145612716675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C556039675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q771035","display_name":"Traditional medicine","level":1,"score":0.3291882872581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986740045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health services","level":3,"score":0.27703553438186646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.26306530833244324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.19321739673614502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.09392395615577698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004363","descriptor_name":"Drug Utilization","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004363","descriptor_name":"Drug Utilization","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006291","descriptor_name":"Health Policy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006302","descriptor_name":"Health Services Research","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007267","descriptor_name":"Injections","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007597","descriptor_name":"Jordan","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008485","descriptor_name":"Medical Audit","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010818","descriptor_name":"Practice Patterns, Physicians'","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010818","descriptor_name":"Practice Patterns, Physicians'","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011307","descriptor_name":"Drug Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011307","descriptor_name":"Drug Prescriptions","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014944","descriptor_name":"World Health Organization","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016568","descriptor_name":"Drugs, Generic","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017410","descriptor_name":"Practice Guidelines as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018954","descriptor_name":"Drugs, Essential","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019983","descriptor_name":"Guideline Adherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019983","descriptor_name":"Guideline Adherence","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019984","descriptor_name":"Quality Indicators, Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019984","descriptor_name":"Quality Indicators, Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175879142","display_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","issn_l":"1020-3397","issn":["1020-3397","1687-1634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319663","host_organization_name":"World Health Organization","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319663","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Health Organization","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15603035","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15603035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit","raw_type":"Evaluation Study"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","pdf_url":"https://doi.org/10.26719/2002.8.4-5.537","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S175879142","display_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","issn_l":"1020-3397","issn":["1020-3397","1687-1634"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319663","host_organization_name":"World Health Organization","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319663","https://openalex.org/P4310321776"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["World Health Organization","United Nations"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1479878154.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2908235865","https://openalex.org/W2585802624","https://openalex.org/W1563198575","https://openalex.org/W4280644895","https://openalex.org/W4309327866","https://openalex.org/W7201918081","https://openalex.org/W7216110298","https://openalex.org/W4382776068","https://openalex.org/W3150728819","https://openalex.org/W7166817059"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Patterns":[0],"of":[1,5,45,58,71,77,100,109,114],"prescribing":[2,23,97],"and":[3,9,81,90,98,111],"use":[4,99],"pharmaceuticals":[6],"by":[7,61],"physicians":[8],"patients":[10],"in":[11,25,31,102],"Jordan":[12,35,103],"have":[13],"not":[14],"previously":[15],"been":[16],"studied.":[17],"We":[18,93],"retrospectively":[19],"evaluated":[20],"pharmaceutical":[21],"drug":[22],"practices":[24],"21":[26],"primary":[27],"health":[28],"care":[29],"facilities":[30],"Irbid":[32],"governorate,":[33],"northern":[34],"using":[36],"World":[37],"Health":[38],"Organization-recommended":[39],"core":[40],"indicators.":[41],"The":[42,56,75],"mean":[43],"number":[44],"drugs":[46,59,82,86,101],"prescribed":[47,60],"was":[48,64,68],"2.3":[49],"overall,":[50],"ranging":[51],"from":[52,83],"1.9":[53],"to":[54],"3.0.":[55],"percentage":[57,70],"generic":[62,115],"name":[63],"very":[65],"low,":[66],"as":[67],"the":[69,84,96,107,112],"prescriptions":[72,78],"involving":[73,79],"injections.":[74],"percentages":[76],"antibiotics":[80,110],"essential":[85],"list":[87],"averaged":[88],"60.9%":[89],"93%":[91],"respectively.":[92],"conclude":[94],"that":[95],"requires":[104],"rationalization,":[105],"particularly":[106],"over-prescribing":[108],"under-prescribing":[113],"drugs.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}