{"id":"https://openalex.org/W147963563","doi":null,"title":"Surgical biology for the clinician: vascular effects of immunosuppression.","display_name":"Surgical biology for the clinician: vascular effects of immunosuppression.","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W147963563","mag":"147963563","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20100415","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2810018"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2810018","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2810018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Can J Surg","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2810018","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033949706","display_name":"Elissa D. Tepperman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elissa Tepperman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Ont","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004991620","display_name":"Danny Ramzy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1445-6610","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1445-6610"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danny Ramzy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011196747","display_name":"Jessica L. Prodger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-4196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-4196"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jessica Prodger","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042174361","display_name":"Rohit Sheshgiri","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohit Sheshgiri","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044452135","display_name":"Mitesh  Vallabh Badiwala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4377-4164","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4377-4164"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mitesh Badiwala","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021437066","display_name":"Heather Joan Ross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-3027","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4384-3027"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heather Ross","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109843813","display_name":"Vivek Raoa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vivek Raoa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0342,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89794216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"1","first_page":"57","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11189","display_name":"Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes","score":0.6606000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11189","display_name":"Transplantation: Methods and Outcomes","score":0.6606000065803528,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10155","display_name":"Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects","score":0.3156999945640564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10373","display_name":"Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments","score":0.011099999770522118,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2747","display_name":"Transplantation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/allograft-vasculopathy","display_name":"allograft vasculopathy","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosuppressive-drugs","display_name":"immunosuppressants","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-dysfunction","display_name":"endothelial dysfunction","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclosporine","display_name":"cyclosporine","score":0.8939999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tacrolimus","display_name":"tacrolimus","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rapamycin","display_name":"rapamycin","score":0.9639999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/everolimus","display_name":"everolimus","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corticosteroids","display_name":"corticosteroids","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azathioprine","display_name":"azathioprine","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycophenolate-mofetil","display_name":"mycophenolate mofetil","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neointimal-hyperplasia","display_name":"intimal hyperplasia","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solid-organ-transplantation","display_name":"solid organ transplantation","score":0.7789999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitric-oxide","display_name":"nitric oxide","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelin-1","display_name":"endothelin-1","score":0.972000002861023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8902425169944763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780972559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q550061","display_name":"Endothelial dysfunction","level":2,"score":0.7333004474639893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911091166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912","display_name":"Transplantation","level":2,"score":0.6936867237091064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780252810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455316","display_name":"Immunosuppression","level":2,"score":0.6739639639854431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909635","display_name":"Intimal hyperplasia","level":3,"score":0.6734387874603271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776649359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7798338","display_name":"Thrombogenicity","level":3,"score":0.5803852677345276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776992346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111140","display_name":"Endothelium","level":2,"score":0.5780969858169556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168444539","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105196","display_name":"Organ transplantation","level":3,"score":0.46853724122047424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778426790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1649580","display_name":"Organ dysfunction","level":3,"score":0.41889306902885437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.3586118817329407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3288244605064392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780868729","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261327","display_name":"Thrombosis","level":2,"score":0.2734197974205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778384902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183134","display_name":"Sepsis","level":2,"score":0.10336923599243164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992686903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208453","display_name":"Smooth muscle","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000068338","descriptor_name":"Everolimus","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000806","descriptor_name":"Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001379","descriptor_name":"Azathioprine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004730","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Vascular","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004730","descriptor_name":"Endothelium, Vascular","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006084","descriptor_name":"Graft Rejection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007108","descriptor_name":"Immune Tolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007166","descriptor_name":"Immunosuppressive Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014181","descriptor_name":"Transplantation Immunology","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016559","descriptor_name":"Tacrolimus","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016572","descriptor_name":"Cyclosporine","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019161","descriptor_name":"Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D020123","descriptor_name":"Sirolimus","qualifier_ui":"Q000031","qualifier_name":"analogs & derivatives","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D020123","descriptor_name":"Sirolimus","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D051799","descriptor_name":"Delayed Graft Function","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2810018","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2810018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Can J Surg","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:20100415","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20100415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Canadian journal of surgery. Journal canadien de chirurgie","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:147963563","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20100415","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2810018","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2810018","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Can J Surg","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W45859881","https://openalex.org/W66506877","https://openalex.org/W99775856","https://openalex.org/W1864077935","https://openalex.org/W1907636864","https://openalex.org/W1964299433","https://openalex.org/W1965214548","https://openalex.org/W1965584732","https://openalex.org/W1970842110","https://openalex.org/W1973132125","https://openalex.org/W1974755678","https://openalex.org/W1976041242","https://openalex.org/W1976759839","https://openalex.org/W1979045142","https://openalex.org/W1991163286","https://openalex.org/W1996940915","https://openalex.org/W2004533209","https://openalex.org/W2005579929","https://openalex.org/W2007960154","https://openalex.org/W2008800889","https://openalex.org/W2009811996","https://openalex.org/W2015407598","https://openalex.org/W2015878807","https://openalex.org/W2036387511","https://openalex.org/W2037199982","https://openalex.org/W2037877011","https://openalex.org/W2037937957","https://openalex.org/W2042824681","https://openalex.org/W2044922135","https://openalex.org/W2045250791","https://openalex.org/W2047627015","https://openalex.org/W2047698259","https://openalex.org/W2048581422","https://openalex.org/W2050675706","https://openalex.org/W2053310771","https://openalex.org/W2058627046","https://openalex.org/W2060365082","https://openalex.org/W2060644192","https://openalex.org/W2062024677","https://openalex.org/W2062643000","https://openalex.org/W2063402004","https://openalex.org/W2065438179","https://openalex.org/W2075172325","https://openalex.org/W2076671804","https://openalex.org/W2079376262","https://openalex.org/W2080021220","https://openalex.org/W2080672608","https://openalex.org/W2081065237","https://openalex.org/W2084245368","https://openalex.org/W2084977836","https://openalex.org/W2094973742","https://openalex.org/W2095414307","https://openalex.org/W2110153735","https://openalex.org/W2114750687","https://openalex.org/W2119661979","https://openalex.org/W2122783053","https://openalex.org/W2141131103","https://openalex.org/W2144979976","https://openalex.org/W2145070870","https://openalex.org/W2159819332","https://openalex.org/W2166721860","https://openalex.org/W2172064850","https://openalex.org/W2216322469","https://openalex.org/W2317296170","https://openalex.org/W2338977280","https://openalex.org/W2405972505","https://openalex.org/W2416866980","https://openalex.org/W2521699365","https://openalex.org/W2766892013"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2044317877","https://openalex.org/W2027860413","https://openalex.org/W7132866847","https://openalex.org/W2080021220","https://openalex.org/W3197343557","https://openalex.org/W2091737484","https://openalex.org/W2005170953","https://openalex.org/W2145070870","https://openalex.org/W1983567643","https://openalex.org/W2416906092"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Transplantation":[0],"is":[1,93,105,130,221],"the":[2,15,20,40,53,58,63,67,70,94,101,115,151,163,191,196,209,226,230,260,278],"accepted":[3],"treatment":[4],"of":[5,11,22,42,61,96,103,117,153,193,195,211,218,229,259,267,277],"end-stage":[6],"organ":[7,24,65,136],"failure.":[8],"The":[9,182,216],"introduction":[10],"cyclosporine":[12],"(CsA)":[13],"in":[14,29,39,265],"early":[16],"1980s":[17],"greatly":[18],"improved":[19],"outcome":[21],"solid":[23],"transplantation,":[25,86],"with":[26,285],"an":[27],"increase":[28],"3-year":[30],"survival":[31,84,92],"from":[32],"almost":[33],"40%":[34],"to":[35,49,57,77,90,100,114,126,132,222,281],"70%.1":[36],"Substantial":[37],"advances":[38],"development":[41,95,102,116,210],"additional":[43],"immunosuppressants":[44,199],"have":[45],"allowed":[46],"transplant":[47],"physicians":[48],"more":[50],"specifically":[51],"modulate":[52],"immune":[54],"response":[55],"according":[56],"precise":[59],"requirements":[60],"both":[62],"transplanted":[64],"and":[66,81,108,120,140,150,175,190,205,214,240,249,263,270],"patient":[68,283],"receiving":[69],"allograft.2":[71],"Although":[72],"immunosuppressive":[73,154,279],"agents":[74],"are":[75],"sufficient":[76],"minimize":[78],"allograft":[79,97,144],"rejection":[80,145],"promote":[82],"short-term":[83],"after":[85,203],"a":[87,256],"major":[88],"limitation":[89],"longer-term":[91],"vasculopathy":[98],"(AV).3\u20137\r\n\r\nCentral":[99],"AV":[104],"endothelial":[106,159,201],"damage":[107],"subsequent":[109],"dysfunction.":[110],"Endothelial":[111,128],"dysfunction":[112,129,202],"contributes":[113],"intimal":[118,212],"hyperplasia":[119,213],"progressive":[121],"plaque":[122],"buildup":[123],"that":[124,274],"leads":[125],"AV.8,9":[127],"attributable":[131],"numerous":[133],"factors,":[134],"including":[135],"preservation":[137],"solutions,":[138],"ischemia":[139],"reperfusion":[141],"injury,":[142],"acute":[143],"episodes,":[146],"dyslipidemia,":[147],"hypertension,":[148],"diabetes":[149],"use":[152],"drugs.8,10":[155],"These":[156],"factors":[157,169,177],"elicit":[158],"activation":[160],"by":[161],"disrupting":[162],"homeo-static":[164],"balance":[165],"between":[166],"endothelium-derived":[167],"relaxing":[168],"such":[170,178],"as":[171,179,287],"nitric":[172],"oxide":[173],"(NO)":[174],"activating":[176],"endothelin":[180],"(ET-1).9\u201311":[181],"activated":[183],"endothelium":[184],"increases":[185],"vascular":[186,227],"resistance,":[187],"adhesiveness,":[188],"thrombogenicity":[189],"risk":[192],"atherogenesis.12\r\n\r\nMany":[194],"currently":[197],"used":[198,233],"cause":[200],"transplantation":[204],"may":[206],"further":[207],"accelerate":[208],"AV.":[215],"objective":[217],"this":[219],"review":[220],"provide":[223,255],"insight":[224],"into":[225],"effects":[228,269],"most":[231],"commonly":[232],"immunosuppressants:":[234],"CsA,":[235],"tacrolimus":[236],"(Tac),":[237],"rapamycin":[238],"(Rapa)":[239],"its":[241],"synthetic":[242],"derivative":[243],"everolimus":[244],"(Erl),":[245],"corticosteroids,":[246],"azathioprine":[247],"(AZA)":[248],"mycophenolate":[250],"mofetil":[251],"(MMF).":[252],"We":[253],"also":[254],"comparative":[257],"discussion":[258],"drugs\u2019":[261],"benefits":[262],"risks":[264],"terms":[266],"side":[268],"offer":[271],"preventative":[272],"strategies":[273],"emphasize":[275],"tailoring":[276],"regimen":[280],"individual":[282],"needs":[284],"modification":[286],"physiologic":[288],"changes":[289],"dictate.":[290]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}