{"id":"https://openalex.org/W147402649","doi":null,"title":"Developing a typology of female sex work, South India, with special reference to Karnataka","display_name":"Developing a typology of female sex work, South India, with special reference to Karnataka","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-11-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W147402649","mag":"147402649"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1334113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1334113/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075200927","display_name":"A.R. Buzdugan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A.R. Buzdugan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5075200927"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11350","display_name":"Sex work and related issues","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11350","display_name":"Sex work and related issues","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/female-sex-work","display_name":"female sex work","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-risk","display_name":"HIV risk","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sexually-transmitted-infections","display_name":"sexually transmitted infections","score":0.7459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brothels","display_name":"brothels","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/street-prostitution","display_name":"street prostitution","score":0.6389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-risk-groups","display_name":"high-risk groups","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-outreach","display_name":"HIV outreach","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marital-status","display_name":"marital status","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alcohol-consumption","display_name":"alcohol consumption","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karnataka","display_name":"Karnataka","score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-india","display_name":"South India","score":0.8180000185966492}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.9108148813247681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780100914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1297897","display_name":"Sex work","level":3,"score":0.7118600606918335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781400479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11640","display_name":"Outreach","level":2,"score":0.6257508397102356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.590967059135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140688305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5885","display_name":"Tamil","level":2,"score":0.5207255482673645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5099779367446899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781354955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11920938","display_name":"Marital status","level":3,"score":0.47980597615242004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4535865783691406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780137041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7833728","display_name":"Transactional sex","level":4,"score":0.44516512751579285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019212871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43445","display_name":"Female sex","level":2,"score":0.443403422832489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.4283349812030792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.30690890550613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.3037925362586975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2681189179420471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.24205145239830017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1684829294681549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.08133918046951294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.07630184292793274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986817661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185698","display_name":"Research methodology","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:1334113","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1334113/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:147402649","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.565524","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.7307999730110168,"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"},{"score":0.5676000118255615,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.48510000109672546,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W43491491","https://openalex.org/W53189097","https://openalex.org/W198638669","https://openalex.org/W583083125","https://openalex.org/W1484358094","https://openalex.org/W1502598261","https://openalex.org/W1577705422","https://openalex.org/W1632496853","https://openalex.org/W1707161686","https://openalex.org/W1735047172","https://openalex.org/W1853290827","https://openalex.org/W1918212299","https://openalex.org/W1973158234","https://openalex.org/W1973849627","https://openalex.org/W1973948212","https://openalex.org/W1975468619","https://openalex.org/W1976658904","https://openalex.org/W1980991132","https://openalex.org/W1983152057","https://openalex.org/W1987485099","https://openalex.org/W1988745396","https://openalex.org/W1990108101","https://openalex.org/W1990624076","https://openalex.org/W1995102567","https://openalex.org/W1996867188","https://openalex.org/W1997753145","https://openalex.org/W2008856157","https://openalex.org/W2012661992","https://openalex.org/W2014416476","https://openalex.org/W2014757380","https://openalex.org/W2025347976","https://openalex.org/W2028262991","https://openalex.org/W2029927897","https://openalex.org/W2033485304","https://openalex.org/W2034158088","https://openalex.org/W2037678362","https://openalex.org/W2038967472","https://openalex.org/W2042255674","https://openalex.org/W2043317393","https://openalex.org/W2046855531","https://openalex.org/W2053530418","https://openalex.org/W2055455264","https://openalex.org/W2060138445","https://openalex.org/W2062567263","https://openalex.org/W2065912769","https://openalex.org/W2076941410","https://openalex.org/W2077821498","https://openalex.org/W2081949242","https://openalex.org/W2085824885","https://openalex.org/W2099117018","https://openalex.org/W2101965762","https://openalex.org/W2108445049","https://openalex.org/W2108553948","https://openalex.org/W2110615138","https://openalex.org/W2111256197","https://openalex.org/W2111331546","https://openalex.org/W2116750698","https://openalex.org/W2119835296","https://openalex.org/W2123940943","https://openalex.org/W2124652275","https://openalex.org/W2129510210","https://openalex.org/W2129611372","https://openalex.org/W2134786270","https://openalex.org/W2135583681","https://openalex.org/W2139797352","https://openalex.org/W2143555612","https://openalex.org/W2149001028","https://openalex.org/W2150172236","https://openalex.org/W2151992918","https://openalex.org/W2152914556","https://openalex.org/W2155534135","https://openalex.org/W2161231161","https://openalex.org/W2163163187","https://openalex.org/W2163521036","https://openalex.org/W2165682759","https://openalex.org/W2170748602","https://openalex.org/W2171913065","https://openalex.org/W2179644150","https://openalex.org/W2197853197","https://openalex.org/W2265029206","https://openalex.org/W2274913842","https://openalex.org/W2315838231","https://openalex.org/W2336758645","https://openalex.org/W2344759426","https://openalex.org/W2401316643","https://openalex.org/W3005997039","https://openalex.org/W3085162807","https://openalex.org/W3141224208","https://openalex.org/W3208484083","https://openalex.org/W4300823541"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1988178154","https://openalex.org/W2110310989","https://openalex.org/W7099050750","https://openalex.org/W2163327277","https://openalex.org/W2016345488","https://openalex.org/W2158179012","https://openalex.org/W2016937434","https://openalex.org/W2792902011","https://openalex.org/W6990141215","https://openalex.org/W2069737894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,157,249],"thesis":[1],"is":[2,167,176,200,221],"premised":[3],"on":[4,48,127],"the":[5,15,27,40,59,116,120,128,134,184,190,195,223],"fact":[6],"that":[7,119,232],"India\u201fs":[8],"National":[9],"AIDS":[10],"Control":[11],"Organization":[12],"(NACO)":[13],"employs":[14],"typology":[16,42,121,140,188],"of":[17,26,52,88,94,131,137,198,225,255],"female":[18,35],"sex":[19,36,89,199,229],"work":[20,90,230],"in":[21,30,61,213,227],"outreach":[22,192],"and":[23,69,96,133,145,179,274],"other":[24,98],"components":[25],"HIV":[28,62,245,283],"programme":[29],"order":[31],"to":[32,143,147,202,217,247,263,266,269,272,276,290],"identify":[33],"high-risk":[34],"workers":[37],"(FSWs).":[38],"However,":[39],"current":[41],"\u2013":[43,54],"distinguishing":[44],"between":[45,124],"FSWs":[46,74,108,149,163,174,278],"based":[47,126],"their":[49],"main":[50,129,135,196],"place":[51,93,130,136,197],"solicitation":[53,95,132],"may":[55,233],"not":[56],"adequately":[57],"reflect":[58],"variation":[60],"risk.":[63,112],"\\nUsing":[64],"data":[65,251],"from":[66,75,164],"integrated":[67],"biological":[68],"behavioural":[70],"assessment":[71],"surveys":[72],"among":[73,162,171],"three":[76,185],"south":[77],"Indian":[78],"states,":[79,186],"I":[80],"propose":[81],"a":[82,203,208,253],"method":[83],"for":[84,102,155,244],"devising":[85],"evidence-based":[86],"typologies":[87],"which":[91,107,257],"prioritizes":[92],"explores":[97],"factors":[99,256,288],"potentially":[100],"helpful":[101],"targeted":[103],"interventions":[104],"by":[105],"indicating":[106],"are":[109,240,279],"at":[110,152,241,281],"high":[111],"For":[113],"Karnataka":[114,187,216],"state,":[115],"analysis":[117],"suggests":[118],"should":[122],"distinguish":[123],"women":[125],"sex;":[138],"this":[139],"identifies":[141],"street":[142,268],"lodge":[144,265],"brothel":[146,148,262],"as":[150,194],"being":[151],"highest":[153,191,282],"risk":[154,160,243],"HIV.":[156],"strongest":[158],"HIV/STI":[159],"factor":[161],"Andhra":[165],"Pradesh":[166],"marital":[168,177],"status,":[169],"while":[170],"Tamil":[172],"Nadu":[173],"it":[175,220],"status":[178],"alcohol":[180],"consumption":[181],"respectively.":[182],"Of":[183],"has":[189],"applicability,":[193],"linked":[201],"geographical":[204],"location.":[205],"\\nIn":[206],"addition,":[207],"qualitative":[209,250],"study":[210],"was":[211],"conducted":[212],"Belgaum":[214],"district,":[215],"understand":[218],"what":[219],"about":[222],"mode":[224],"operation":[226],"different":[228,286,291],"settings":[231],"help":[234,259],"explain":[235,260],"why":[236,261],"some":[237],"FSW":[238],"categories":[239],"higher":[242],"compared":[246],"others.":[248],"identified":[252],"number":[254],"might":[258],"brothel,":[264],"lodge,":[267,270],"dhaba":[271,273],"highway":[275,277],"likely":[280],"risk,":[284],"with":[285],"vulnerability":[287],"applying":[289],"modes.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}