{"id":"https://openalex.org/W147394693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","title":"Immunofixation Electrophoresis for Identification of Proteins and Specific Antibodies","display_name":"Immunofixation Electrophoresis for Identification of Proteins and Specific Antibodies","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W147394693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","mag":"147394693","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22585484"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172139","display_name":"Methods in molecular biology","issn_l":"1064-3745","issn":["1064-3745","1940-6029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Methods in Molecular Biology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4238557259","display_name":"Protein Electrophoresis"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027032991","display_name":"Gy\u00f6rgy Cs\u00e1k\u00f3","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155647","display_name":"National Institutes of Health Clinical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04vfsmv21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210155647"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gyorgy Csako","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. lmcsj@aol.com","Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. lmcsj@aol.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210155647"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210155647"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027032991"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I4210155647"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0767,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.760493,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"1855","issue":null,"first_page":"147","last_page":"171"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.673799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11016","display_name":"Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research","score":0.673799991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10519","display_name":"Advanced Proteomics Techniques and Applications","score":0.09449999779462814,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1607","display_name":"Spectroscopy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11314","display_name":"Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control","score":0.06790000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunofixation","display_name":"immunofixation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-identification","display_name":"protein identification","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunoglobulins","display_name":"immunoglobulins","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specific-antibodies","display_name":"specific antibodies","score":0.5830000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antigen-antibody-precipitation","display_name":"antigen-antibody precipitation","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isoelectric-focusing","display_name":"isoelectric focusing","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zone-electrophoresis","display_name":"zone electrophoresis","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaotropic-agents","display_name":"chaotropic agents","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reducing-agents","display_name":"reducing agents","score":0.9350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50476208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898861","display_name":"Isoelectric focusing","level":3,"score":0.7091302871704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778808339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2785444","display_name":"Immunofixation","level":5,"score":0.691593587398529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.5944555997848511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40250595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185098","display_name":"Electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.5770541429519653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.5594983100891113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.527061939239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.43530386686325073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116084860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48255","display_name":"Gel electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.41539275646209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.22703608870506287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542903549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422248","display_name":"Monoclonal antibody","level":3,"score":0.16471737623214722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.15666404366493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.1466415524482727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163864487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6901461","display_name":"Monoclonal","level":4,"score":0.09147009253501892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000580","descriptor_name":"Amido Black","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000906","descriptor_name":"Antibodies","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000941","descriptor_name":"Antigens","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001798","descriptor_name":"Blood Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001798","descriptor_name":"Blood Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001798","descriptor_name":"Blood Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002021","descriptor_name":"Buffers","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004396","descriptor_name":"Coloring Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007525","descriptor_name":"Isoelectric Focusing","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007525","descriptor_name":"Isoelectric Focusing","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008074","descriptor_name":"Lipoproteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000276","qualifier_name":"immunology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008074","descriptor_name":"Lipoproteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008074","descriptor_name":"Lipoproteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012015","descriptor_name":"Reference Standards","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013194","descriptor_name":"Staining and Labeling","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D047468","descriptor_name":"Immunoprecipitation","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D047468","descriptor_name":"Immunoprecipitation","qualifier_ui":"Q000592","qualifier_name":"standards","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-821-4_13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210172139","display_name":"Methods in molecular biology","issn_l":"1064-3745","issn":["1064-3745","1940-6029"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"book series"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Methods in Molecular Biology","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmid:22585484","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22585484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmid:30426418","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30426418","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9566644","https://openalex.org/W23054365","https://openalex.org/W32689423","https://openalex.org/W67354148","https://openalex.org/W1471134231","https://openalex.org/W1580208242","https://openalex.org/W1848217132","https://openalex.org/W1889852504","https://openalex.org/W1921718924","https://openalex.org/W1933500766","https://openalex.org/W1941165287","https://openalex.org/W1947962565","https://openalex.org/W1966476678","https://openalex.org/W1988566386","https://openalex.org/W1991290365","https://openalex.org/W1997536376","https://openalex.org/W1998248968","https://openalex.org/W2012855052","https://openalex.org/W2014052423","https://openalex.org/W2019515529","https://openalex.org/W2019557075","https://openalex.org/W2034832696","https://openalex.org/W2043396888","https://openalex.org/W2052467218","https://openalex.org/W2071904960","https://openalex.org/W2080264734","https://openalex.org/W2090465479","https://openalex.org/W2108836811","https://openalex.org/W2117394845","https://openalex.org/W2144037126","https://openalex.org/W2156240997","https://openalex.org/W2164371036","https://openalex.org/W2166240656","https://openalex.org/W2397444238","https://openalex.org/W2405177420","https://openalex.org/W2408580820","https://openalex.org/W2412721312","https://openalex.org/W2415521825","https://openalex.org/W4245679089","https://openalex.org/W4298878256","https://openalex.org/W4300794966"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4256293997","https://openalex.org/W4236337197","https://openalex.org/W2329877474","https://openalex.org/W4230311217","https://openalex.org/W4320067612","https://openalex.org/W2396806026","https://openalex.org/W2315425433","https://openalex.org/W1972632586","https://openalex.org/W4242482729","https://openalex.org/W1556779338"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Immunofixation":[0],"electrophoresis":[1,20,34,57],"(IFE)":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,89],"technique":[5],"for":[6,83,92],"the":[7,53],"identification":[8],"of":[9,64],"proteins":[10],"within":[11],"complex":[12],"mixtures":[13],"after":[14,56],"separation":[15],"by":[16,33,36],"either":[17],"conventional":[18],"zone":[19],"or":[21,60],"isoelectric":[22],"focusing.":[23],"Most":[24],"commonly":[25],"antigens":[26,55,117],"(which":[27],"are":[28,31,121],"often":[29],"immunoglobulins)":[30],"separated":[32],"followed":[35],"precipitation":[37],"with":[38,45,52,80,111,125,138],"specific":[39,46],"antibodies":[40,115],"in":[41,58,118],"situ.":[42],"However,":[43],"immunoglobulins":[44],"reactivity":[47],"can":[48],"be":[49,109,134],"also":[50],"precipitated":[51],"proper":[54,114],"reverse":[59],"reversed":[61],"IFE.":[62,139],"Because":[63],"its":[65],"great":[66],"versatility,":[67],"potentially":[68],"high":[69],"sensitivity,":[70],"ease":[71],"to":[72,136],"perform":[73],"and":[74,76,97],"customize,":[75],"relatively":[77],"low":[78],"cost":[79],"no":[81],"requirement":[82],"expensive":[84],"instrumentation,":[85],"manual":[86],"IFE":[87,112],"remains":[88],"valuable":[90],"tool":[91],"both":[93],"clinical":[94],"diagnostic":[95],"testing":[96,137],"research.":[98],"Any":[99],"low-viscosity":[100],"body":[101],"fluid":[102,107],"specimen":[103],"or,":[104],"possibly,":[105],"culture":[106],"could":[108],"tested":[110],"if":[113],"(or":[116],"reverse[d]":[119],"IFE)":[120],"available.":[122],"After":[123],"pretreatment":[124],"chaotropic":[126],"and/or":[127],"reducing":[128],"agents,":[129],"even":[130],"high-viscosity":[131],"specimens":[132],"might":[133],"amenable":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
