{"id":"https://openalex.org/W147244133","doi":null,"title":"Pedagogy of the Block-The aftermath of the Civil Rights Movement and the Negation of the Old American Dream","display_name":"Pedagogy of the Block-The aftermath of the Civil Rights Movement and the Negation of the Old American Dream","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W147244133","mag":"147244133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt9xq952fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016234891","display_name":"Hodari Arisi Tour\u00e9","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hodari Arisi Tour\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5016234891"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11384","display_name":"Critical Race Theory in Education","score":0.9345999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.05909999832510948,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-men","display_name":"Black men","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-panther-party","display_name":"Black Panther Party","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-power-movement","display_name":"Black Power","score":0.781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-dream","display_name":"American Dream","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/life-pathways","display_name":"life pathways","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-stratification","display_name":"racial stratification","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-neighborhoods","display_name":"urban neighborhoods","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oakland-california","display_name":"Oakland","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-epidemic","display_name":"drug epidemic","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-race-theory","display_name":"critical race theory","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/community-discourse","display_name":"community discourse","score":0.5379999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-identity","display_name":"Black identity","score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postindustrial-cities","display_name":"post-industrial cities","score":0.5370000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158071213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7257","display_name":"Ideology","level":3,"score":0.5407235026359558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.5399804711341858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5082216262817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.498309850692749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780001913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1516555","display_name":"Intersectionality","level":2,"score":0.4224734604358673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.37973347306251526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.15965613722801208}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt9xq952fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},{"id":"pmh:qt9xq952fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","pdf_url":"http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Toure, Hodari Arisi. (2011). Pedagogy of the Block-The aftermath of the Civil Rights Movement and the Negation of the Old American Dream. UC Berkeley: Education. Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","raw_type":"dissertation"},{"id":"mag:147244133","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/content/qt9xq952fc/qt9xq952fc.pdf?t=mtfce5","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org/ark:/13030/qt9xq952fc","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","pdf_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9xq952fc","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"etd"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9629999995231628,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W147244133.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W147244133.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":92,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46302826","https://openalex.org/W46636160","https://openalex.org/W102265181","https://openalex.org/W109294287","https://openalex.org/W124721971","https://openalex.org/W148713793","https://openalex.org/W162052040","https://openalex.org/W166457961","https://openalex.org/W203622504","https://openalex.org/W339701613","https://openalex.org/W349347974","https://openalex.org/W413456360","https://openalex.org/W567508383","https://openalex.org/W571315393","https://openalex.org/W584403600","https://openalex.org/W587249217","https://openalex.org/W609262399","https://openalex.org/W632744410","https://openalex.org/W641954491","https://openalex.org/W644188121","https://openalex.org/W645477505","https://openalex.org/W659302746","https://openalex.org/W1079751766","https://openalex.org/W1481163607","https://openalex.org/W1484158722","https://openalex.org/W1490952398","https://openalex.org/W1496381055","https://openalex.org/W1497943208","https://openalex.org/W1521537963","https://openalex.org/W1522920813","https://openalex.org/W1526703352","https://openalex.org/W1527899761","https://openalex.org/W1536675309","https://openalex.org/W1543971459","https://openalex.org/W1556641933","https://openalex.org/W1580252925","https://openalex.org/W1581009613","https://openalex.org/W1592117164","https://openalex.org/W1594233584","https://openalex.org/W1791470807","https://openalex.org/W1930672182","https://openalex.org/W1970936211","https://openalex.org/W1984131533","https://openalex.org/W1994351736","https://openalex.org/W1996210825","https://openalex.org/W2004078429","https://openalex.org/W2008753803","https://openalex.org/W2012226521","https://openalex.org/W2018402205","https://openalex.org/W2019585945","https://openalex.org/W2033952602","https://openalex.org/W2034781373","https://openalex.org/W2034929344","https://openalex.org/W2039319391","https://openalex.org/W2043971751","https://openalex.org/W2048281987","https://openalex.org/W2052646139","https://openalex.org/W2061564515","https://openalex.org/W2066411053","https://openalex.org/W2080251011","https://openalex.org/W2080269710","https://openalex.org/W2080847205","https://openalex.org/W2085852390","https://openalex.org/W2089448450","https://openalex.org/W2090174871","https://openalex.org/W2091388612","https://openalex.org/W2094429259","https://openalex.org/W2096523206","https://openalex.org/W2098385308","https://openalex.org/W2106806285","https://openalex.org/W2113459290","https://openalex.org/W2140234232","https://openalex.org/W2142886802","https://openalex.org/W2144653025","https://openalex.org/W2145911953","https://openalex.org/W2146643747","https://openalex.org/W2315243496","https://openalex.org/W2317382570","https://openalex.org/W2318228731","https://openalex.org/W2327431691","https://openalex.org/W2337002970","https://openalex.org/W2341009739","https://openalex.org/W2486412228","https://openalex.org/W2530352277","https://openalex.org/W2798817249","https://openalex.org/W2800030331","https://openalex.org/W2968001038","https://openalex.org/W3004824641","https://openalex.org/W3083225435","https://openalex.org/W3212866214","https://openalex.org/W4239303649","https://openalex.org/W4392509252"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7062280039","https://openalex.org/W2142928129","https://openalex.org/W2119875192","https://openalex.org/W588567843","https://openalex.org/W1498114587","https://openalex.org/W1553713348","https://openalex.org/W7100775041","https://openalex.org/W2563966875","https://openalex.org/W4296866631","https://openalex.org/W2541483762"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"constraining":[1],"role":[2],"of":[3,14,41,78,111,123,126,141,154,183,219,226,238,284,299,302,335,360,408,419,427,449],"racial,":[4],"social,":[5,62],"and":[6,12,23,54,63,86,89,97,187,209,230,240,259,269,290,307,322,332,363,394,400,435,451,461],"economic":[7,64],"stratification":[8],"on":[9,74,190,246,340,373],"the":[10,39,105,109,112,121,124,138,152,161,166,181,184,191,197,201,205,254,264,285,294,297,303,319,325,333,351,357,368,403,406,420,424,430,446],"lives":[11],"education":[13],"African":[15],"American":[16,162],"males":[17,80,223],"has":[18],"been":[19],"argued":[20,33,136],"both":[21,456],"theoretically":[22],"empirically":[24],"(Massey,":[25],"2007;":[26],"MacLeod,":[27],"1987;":[28],"Noguera,":[29],"2001).":[30],"Some":[31],"have":[32],"that":[34,137,144,147,169,232,355,388,459],"one":[35],"important":[36],"mechanism":[37],"is":[38],"perception":[40],"limited":[42],"opportunity":[43,56],"structures":[44,57],"(Noguera,":[45],"2004;":[46],"Ogbu,":[47],"1987).":[48],"This":[49,99,134,171],"dissertation":[50,295],"explored":[51,90,196],"how":[52,91,216,231,395],"real":[53],"perceived":[55],"were":[58,94,261,389,398],"shaped":[59],"by":[60,367,378],"political,":[61],"forces":[65],"in":[66,81,104,118,132,175,199,212,250,256,263,422,437,457],"an":[67,300],"urban":[68],"neighborhood.":[69,194],"Specifically,":[70],"this":[71,179,392,412],"study":[72,100,135,172,413],"focused":[73,189],"a":[75,82,217,315],"core":[76],"group":[77],"Black":[79,113,156,185,202,222,433],"bounded":[83],"historical":[84,316,369],"time":[85,122,148,320],"geographic":[87],"locale":[88],"life":[92,157,241,386],"pathways":[93,158,239,387],"identified,":[95],"conveyed,":[96],"chosen.":[98],"was":[101,150,180],"historically":[102],"situated":[103],"period":[106,149,321],"starting":[107],"with":[108,282,293,329],"inception":[110],"Panther":[114],"Party":[115],"for":[116],"Self-Defense":[117],"1966,":[119],"until":[120],"death":[125],"its":[127],"co-founder,":[128],"Huey":[129],"P.":[130],"Newton":[131],"1989.":[133],"complex":[139],"interplay":[140],"competing":[142],"ideologies":[143],"arose":[145],"during":[146],"at":[151],"crux":[153],"redefining":[155],"to":[159,252,313,318,323,383,391,416,454],"achieving":[160],"Dream,":[163],"also":[164],"conveying":[165],"outcomes":[167],"from":[168],"pursuit.":[170],"took":[173],"place":[174],"Oakland,":[176],"California":[177],"as":[178,350],"birthplace":[182],"Panthers":[186],"it":[188,443],"Oak":[192],"Knoll":[193],"I":[195,243,278,342,348],"ways":[198,255,421,458],"which":[200,257,347,423],"Power":[203],"movement,":[204],"burgeoning":[206],"drug":[207],"epidemic,":[208],"State":[210],"suppression":[211],"post-industrial":[213],"Oakland":[214],"informed":[215,366],"cohort":[218,330,393,404],"over":[220],"40":[221],"made":[224],"sense":[225],"their":[227,236],"societal":[228,428],"positionality":[229],"'sense":[233],"making'":[234],"influenced":[235],"choice":[237],"outcomes.":[242],"will":[244,279,310,338,380,414,444],"draw":[245],"Critical":[247],"Race":[248],"Theory":[249],"order":[251],"examine":[253],"race":[258],"power":[260,362,431],"central":[262],"choices":[265],"youth":[266],"perceived,":[267],"communicated,":[268],"enacted":[270],"(Crenshaw,":[271],"1995;":[272],"Ladson-Billings":[273],"&":[274],"Tate,":[275],"1995).":[276],"Methodologically,":[277],"utilize":[280],"interviews":[281],"members":[283,331],"cohort,":[286],"biographical":[287],"narratives,":[288],"primary":[289],"secondary":[291,308],"sources,":[292],"taking":[296],"form":[298],"autoethnography":[301],"block":[304],"cohort.":[305],"Primary":[306],"sources":[309],"be":[311,381],"employed":[312],"give":[314],"context":[317],"contextualize":[324],"differing":[326],"pathways.":[327],"Interviews":[328],"development":[334],"autoethnographical":[336],"narratives":[337],"focus":[339,372],"what":[341],"am":[343],"calling":[344],"'block":[345,374],"pedagogy',":[346],"define":[349],"organic":[352],"community":[353,452],"discourse":[354],"reflects":[356],"constant":[358],"negotiation":[359],"identity,":[361],"privileged":[364,409],"knowledge,":[365],"context.":[370],"A":[371],"pedagogy'":[375],"(as":[376],"remembered":[377],"informants)":[379],"used":[382],"illuminate":[384],"alternative/oppositional":[385],"available":[390],"those":[396],"options":[397],"developed":[399],"conveyed":[401],"across":[402],"through":[405],"use":[407],"knowledge.":[410,439],"Ultimately,":[411],"contribute":[415],"our":[417],"understanding":[418],"multiple":[425],"spheres":[426],"contact--with":[429],"structure,":[432],"radicalism,":[434],"criminality--resulted":[436],"identity-shaping":[438],"In":[440],"doing":[441],"so,":[442],"document":[445],"ever-changing":[447],"nature":[448],"oppression":[450],"response":[453],"it:":[455],"subvert":[460],"reproduce":[462],"existing":[463],"oppressive":[464],"social":[465],"structures.":[466]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
