{"id":"https://openalex.org/W145297084","doi":null,"title":"Moving research to patient applications through commercialization: understanding and evaluating the role of intellectual property.","display_name":"Moving research to patient applications through commercialization: understanding and evaluating the role of intellectual property.","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W145297084","mag":"145297084","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20353687","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2846000"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2846000","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2846000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2846000","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029428912","display_name":"Robert Patino","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196729704","display_name":"SIU Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/0232r4451","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196729704","https://openalex.org/I2801502357"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert M Patino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Technology Transfer, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA. rpatino@siumed.edu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Technology Transfer, School of Medicine, Southern Illinois University, Springfield, IL, USA. rpatino@siumed.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196729704"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029428912"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196729704"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03094529,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"2","first_page":"147","last_page":"54"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.6327999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12168","display_name":"Health and Medical Research Impacts","score":0.07569999992847443,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14306","display_name":"Technology Assessment and Management","score":0.05550000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-transfer","display_name":"technology transfer","score":0.6919999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/commercialization","display_name":"commercialization","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-property","display_name":"intellectual property","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/university-industry-collaboration","display_name":"university-industry collaboration","score":0.8399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federal-research-funding","display_name":"federal research funding","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-trial-regulation","display_name":"clinical trial regulation","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inventors","display_name":"inventors","score":0.5260000228881836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.9786564707756042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.7024411559104919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6149417161941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34974158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131257","display_name":"Intellectual property","level":2,"score":0.5765913128852844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5596663355827332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5528801679611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121426985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q591763","display_name":"Private sector","level":2,"score":0.5064438581466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.4961415231227875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4635874927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.44542965292930603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3846949636936188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.19386115670204163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.1931595802307129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.18177595734596252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15532681345939636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003132","descriptor_name":"Commerce","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005380","descriptor_name":"Financing, Government","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005381","descriptor_name":"Financing, Organized","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012109","descriptor_name":"Research Support as Topic","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018581","descriptor_name":"Technology Transfer","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018973","descriptor_name":"Intellectual Property","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019981","descriptor_name":"Health Care Sector","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055818","descriptor_name":"Public-Private Sector Partnerships","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2846000","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2846000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:20353687","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20353687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:145297084","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20353687","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2846000","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2846000","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.651199996471405,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W8040016","https://openalex.org/W2148056506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387214667","https://openalex.org/W4312913134","https://openalex.org/W4253013893","https://openalex.org/W1924752652","https://openalex.org/W2343036230","https://openalex.org/W2156059179","https://openalex.org/W2129699232","https://openalex.org/W6945684274","https://openalex.org/W1923634347","https://openalex.org/W2015883349"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"advancement":[1,230],"of":[2,9,18,61,64,77,83,89,121,126,168,178,223,231],"research":[3,55,173,214],"from":[4,37,68],"discovery":[5],"to":[6,20,112,117,149,191,217],"the":[7,16,38,62,69,75,84,119,124,137,169,179,209,213,221,229],"delivery":[8],"medical":[10],"care":[11],"can":[12],"be":[13],"limited":[14],"without":[15],"support":[17,28,49,66],"industry":[19,132,189],"sponsor":[21],"its":[22],"continued":[23],"development.":[24],"Federal":[25],"government":[26,48],"financial":[27,65],"is":[29],"generally":[30,50],"crucial":[31],"in":[32,96,193,199,208,228],"early-stage":[33],"development":[34,120,174],"through":[35,156],"funding":[36],"NIH,":[39],"National":[40],"Science":[41],"Foundation,":[42],"and":[43,99,109,122,128,133,151,163,219,226],"other":[44],"federal":[45],"agencies;":[46],"however,":[47],"stops":[51],"shortly":[52],"after":[53],"basic":[54],"discoveries":[56,142],"have":[57],"been":[58],"reported.":[59],"Much":[60],"cessation":[63],"derives":[67],"government's":[70],"regulatory":[71],"responsibilities,":[72],"as":[73,103],"sponsoring":[74],"commercialization":[76,170,210,227],"a":[78,90],"product":[79],"conflicts":[80],"with":[81,105,115,201,206],"regulation":[82],"approval":[85],"for":[86,172],"clinical":[87],"use":[88],"drug":[91],"or":[92],"device.":[93],"Furthermore,":[94],"differences":[95],"goals,":[97],"resources,":[98],"flexibility":[100],"render":[101],"government,":[102],"compared":[104],"private":[106,134],"industry,":[107],"inefficient":[108],"less":[110],"responsive":[111],"market":[113],"demands":[114],"regard":[116],"stream-lining":[118],"enhancing":[123],"quality":[125],"products":[127,145],"services":[129],"offered.":[130],"Thus,":[131],"investment":[135],"provide":[136],"bridge":[138],"that":[139,146],"converts":[140],"new":[141],"into":[143],"healthcare":[144],"are":[147],"available":[148],"consumers":[150],"patients.":[152],"This":[153,183],"conversion":[154],"occurs":[155],"commercialization,":[157,218],"which":[158],"involves":[159],"both":[160],"high":[161,164],"risks":[162],"rewards.":[165],"Taking":[166],"advantage":[167],"option":[171],"requires":[175],"an":[176],"understanding":[177],"technology":[180],"transfer":[181],"process.":[182],"article":[184],"reviews":[185],"5":[186],"topics:":[187],"1)":[188],"motivation":[190],"invest":[192],"academic":[194],"research;":[195],"2)":[196],"institutional":[197],"considerations":[198],"partnering":[200],"industry;":[202],"3)":[203],"academia's":[204],"interactions":[205],"inventors":[207],"process;":[211],"4)":[212],"institution's":[215],"route":[216],"5)":[220],"role":[222],"intellectual":[224],"property":[225],"healthcare.":[232]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}