{"id":"https://openalex.org/W145000492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","title":"Using evaluation to prove or to improve? An international, mixed method investigation into zoos' education evaluation practices","display_name":"Using evaluation to prove or to improve? An international, mixed method investigation into zoos' education evaluation practices","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W145000492","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","mag":"145000492"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:jzar.org:article/67","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://jzar.org/index/article/view/67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764459186","display_name":"The Journal of zoo and aquarium research","issn_l":"2214-7594","issn":["2214-7594"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2214-7594","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://jzar.org/index/article/view/67","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110836172","display_name":"Kirsten E. Roe","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Roe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054449278","display_name":"Andrew A. McConney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7618-8829","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7618-8829"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. McConney","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7618-8829","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080110210","display_name":"Caroline F. Mansfield","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8984-2508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8984-2508"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caroline Mansfield","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8984-2508","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.7959,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98889598,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"4","first_page":"108","last_page":"116"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11462","display_name":"Museums and Cultural Heritage","score":0.7056000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1209","display_name":"Museology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11462","display_name":"Museums and Cultural Heritage","score":0.7056000232696533,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1209","display_name":"Museology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12010","display_name":"Evaluation and Performance Assessment","score":0.2838999927043915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3321","display_name":"Public Administration"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13435","display_name":"Animal and Plant Science Education","score":0.0027000000700354576,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoo-education","display_name":"zoo education","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-program-evaluation","display_name":"educational program evaluation","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assessment-practices","display_name":"assessment practices","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/barriers-to-evaluation","display_name":"barriers to assessment","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participant-satisfaction-survey","display_name":"participant satisfaction survey","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-assessment","display_name":"informal assessment","score":0.5619999766349792}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6104369163513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48947383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830719","display_name":"Visitor pattern","level":2,"score":0.5953887104988098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.5418016314506531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47177190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207137","display_name":"Curriculum","level":2,"score":0.5083853602409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.48587411642074585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46626195311546326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.4190616011619568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184356942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830382","display_name":"Best practice","level":2,"score":0.4139888286590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.4103041887283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.32684212923049927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.31836098432540894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2667728662490845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.23934969305992126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16009655594825745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.13449034094810486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:jzar.org:article/67","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://jzar.org/index/article/view/67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764459186","display_name":"The Journal of zoo and aquarium research","issn_l":"2214-7594","issn":["2214-7594"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2214-7594","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.61MUN_INST:11136090980007891","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://researchportal.murdoch.edu.au/esploro/outputs/journalArticle/Using-evaluation-to-prove-or-to/991005543525207891","pdf_url":"https://researchportal.murdoch.edu.au/view/delivery/61MUN_INST/12136090970007891/13136818780007891","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400274","display_name":"Murdoch University Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","host_organization_name":"Murdoch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au:24316","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24316/","pdf_url":"http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24316/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400274","display_name":"Murdoch University Research Portal","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I176790772","host_organization_name":"Murdoch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176790772"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Roe, K. <http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/view/author/Roe, Katie.html>, McConney, A. <http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/view/author/McConney, Andrew.html> and Mansfield, C. <http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/view/author/Mansfield, Caroline F.html> (2014) Using evaluation to prove or to improve? An international, mixed method investigation into zoos' education evaluation practices. Journal of Zoo and Aquarium Research, 2 (4). pp. 108-116.","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:145000492","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/24316/","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:1590172265","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ww.w.jzar.org/jzar/article/view/67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764459186","display_name":"The Journal of zoo and aquarium research","issn_l":"2214-7594","issn":["2214-7594"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0098The \u009cJournal of zoo and aquarium research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:jzar.org:article/67","doi":"https://doi.org/10.19227/jzar.v2i4.67","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://jzar.org/index/article/view/67","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764459186","display_name":"The Journal of zoo and aquarium research","issn_l":"2214-7594","issn":["2214-7594"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2214-7594","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.975600004196167,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310138","display_name":"Columbus Zoo and Aquarium","ror":"https://ror.org/00b1y8922"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330964","display_name":"Colchester Zoo","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W145000492.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W145000492.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965492446","https://openalex.org/W1992247916","https://openalex.org/W1995719533","https://openalex.org/W2009612553","https://openalex.org/W2023316955","https://openalex.org/W2045187594","https://openalex.org/W2057600323","https://openalex.org/W2063518833","https://openalex.org/W2069903171","https://openalex.org/W2079141177","https://openalex.org/W2079893234","https://openalex.org/W2085845350","https://openalex.org/W2169411767","https://openalex.org/W2315087958","https://openalex.org/W3214833809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1590172265","https://openalex.org/W1515006470","https://openalex.org/W2929565305","https://openalex.org/W2040442938","https://openalex.org/W1413831602","https://openalex.org/W6990068540","https://openalex.org/W1521521552","https://openalex.org/W3213918280","https://openalex.org/W204617098","https://openalex.org/W292156455"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1,108,215],"was":[2,189],"a":[3,64,239,244],"mixed-method":[4],"investigation":[5],"into":[6],"zoos\u2019":[7],"education":[8,52,78,88,113],"evaluation":[9,30,69,81,98,187,255,264],"practices.":[10,31],"The":[11,32,73,104,131,280],"first":[12],"phase":[13,34],"of":[14,43,60,67,106,208,242,271,282],"the":[15,57,222,272],"research":[16,62,74,132,289],"involved":[17],"an":[18],"online":[19],"questionnaire":[20],"in":[21,139,269],"which":[22,275],"176":[23],"zoos":[24,109,140,170,175],"across":[25,171],"48":[26],"countries":[27],"reported":[28],"their":[29,112],"second":[33],"comprised":[35],"nine":[36],"case":[37,107,214],"studies,":[38],"enabling":[39],"direct,":[40],"in-depth":[41],"observation":[42],"each":[44],"site":[45],"within":[46,71,85,169,257],"its":[47,83],"context,":[48],"including":[49,99,162],"face-to-face":[50],"zoo":[51,77,87,91],"staff":[53,79,92],"interviews.":[54],"Taken":[55],"together,":[56],"two":[58],"phases":[59],"this":[61],"offer":[63],"revealing":[65],"analysis":[66],"current":[68,193],"practice":[70,256],"zoos.":[72,258],"indicates":[75],"that":[76,111,135,177],"understand":[80],"and":[82,102,126,164,174,184,194,200,250,285],"application":[84],"formal":[86,181,219],"programmes.":[89,196],"However,":[90,211],"noted":[93,176],"several":[94],"barriers":[95],"to":[96,121,124,146,191,253,261,274],"regular":[97],"time,":[100],"cost":[101],"know-how.":[103],"majority":[105],"indicated":[110],"programmes":[114],"are":[115,150,156,166,278,290],"guided":[116],"primarily":[117],"by":[118],"school":[119],"curriculum":[120],"be":[122,262],"attractive":[123],"teachers":[125],"link":[127],"with":[128],"student":[129],"learning.":[130],"also":[133,204],"suggests":[134],"educational":[136,152,276],"programme":[137,209,231,267],"evaluations":[138],"focus":[141,246],"mostly":[142],"on":[143,247,266],"participant":[144],"satisfaction":[145,182,220,249],"ensure":[147],"teacher":[148],"expectations":[149],"met;":[151],"outcomes":[153],"for":[154,230,287],"students":[155],"rarely":[157],"addressed.":[158],"Rather,":[159],"informal":[160,186],"measures":[161],"observations":[163],"anecdotes":[165],"heavily":[167],"utilised":[168,229],"all":[172],"regions,":[173],"information":[178],"gained":[179],"through":[180],"surveys":[183],"more":[185],"processes":[188],"used":[190],"inform":[192],"future":[195,288],"School":[197],"return":[198],"visits":[199],"participation":[201,251],"rates":[202],"were":[203],"considered":[205],"important":[206],"indicators":[207],"success.":[210],"whilst":[212,236],"some":[213],"sites":[216],"had":[217,224],"conducted":[218],"surveys,":[221],"results":[223],"not":[225],"been":[226],"analysed":[227],"or":[228,233],"revision":[232],"development.":[234],"Thus,":[235],"there":[237],"is":[238],"general":[240],"understanding":[241],"evaluation,":[243],"strong":[245],"visitor":[248],"seems":[252],"dominate":[254],"There":[259],"seemed":[260],"little":[263],"focused":[265],"success":[268],"terms":[270],"extent":[273],"goals":[277],"achieved.":[279],"implications":[281],"these":[283],"findings":[284],"suggestions":[286],"discussed.":[291]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}