{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1434667014","doi":null,"title":"Competitive exclusion as a means to reduce Escherichia coli regrowth in digested sludge","display_name":"Competitive exclusion as a means to reduce Escherichia coli regrowth in digested sludge","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1434667014","mag":"1434667014"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/9221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","pdf_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis or dissertation"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113460289","display_name":"Tyson Williams","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tyson Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113460289"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":0.36039999127388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":0.36039999127388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11781","display_name":"Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","score":0.15629999339580536,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11275","display_name":"Composting and Vermicomposting Techniques","score":0.10459999740123749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competitive-exclusion-principle","display_name":"competitive exclusion","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sludge-digestion","display_name":"sludge digestion","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sludge-cake","display_name":"sludge cake","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limosilactobacillus-reuteri","display_name":"Lactobacillus reuteri","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reuterin","display_name":"reuterin","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotics","display_name":"probiotics","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glycerol","display_name":"glycerol","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sludge-recycling","display_name":"sludge recycling","score":0.6169999837875366}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547475151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25419","display_name":"Escherichia coli","level":3,"score":0.7242726683616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992687717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331830","display_name":"Competitive exclusion","level":3,"score":0.6826857328414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.4603249132633209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.39516565203666687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.38246193528175354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3149891495704651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17116019129753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.14706867933273315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09396025538444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.053618669509887695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/9221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","pdf_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis or dissertation"},{"id":"mag:1434667014","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/bitstream/1826/9221/1/Tyson_Williams_Thesis_2014.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2552268787","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/bitstream/1826/9221/1/Tyson_Williams_Thesis_2014.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk:1826/9221","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","pdf_url":"http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9221","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401778","display_name":"CERES (Cranfield University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I82284825","host_organization_name":"Cranfield University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82284825"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis or dissertation"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","display_name":"Responsible consumption and production","score":0.5171999931335449}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2878930594","display_name":"[WATER] Competitive exclusion as a means to reduce E. coli regrowth in digested sludge","funder_award_id":"NE/I018247/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","funder_display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320343","display_name":"Cranfield University","ror":"https://ror.org/05cncd958"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334631","display_name":"Natural Environment Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/02b5d8509"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1434667014.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1434667014.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":146,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6527825","https://openalex.org/W40595662","https://openalex.org/W48851368","https://openalex.org/W51343360","https://openalex.org/W129418876","https://openalex.org/W165001792","https://openalex.org/W176552886","https://openalex.org/W271321758","https://openalex.org/W650678865","https://openalex.org/W1494460612","https://openalex.org/W1520849230","https://openalex.org/W1533039540","https://openalex.org/W1592363623","https://openalex.org/W1592537566","https://openalex.org/W1606732012","https://openalex.org/W1693848198","https://openalex.org/W1701881933","https://openalex.org/W1761491738","https://openalex.org/W1793895692","https://openalex.org/W1920525453","https://openalex.org/W1921513232","https://openalex.org/W1963693839","https://openalex.org/W1966335553","https://openalex.org/W1966457459","https://openalex.org/W1971328162","https://openalex.org/W1973354211","https://openalex.org/W1973914253","https://openalex.org/W1978792080","https://openalex.org/W1979260334","https://openalex.org/W1980869226","https://openalex.org/W1982985448","https://openalex.org/W1984738244","https://openalex.org/W1987054304","https://openalex.org/W1987186092","https://openalex.org/W1987838634","https://openalex.org/W1988458243","https://openalex.org/W1992916856","https://openalex.org/W1993444065","https://openalex.org/W1996351609","https://openalex.org/W1999722023","https://openalex.org/W1999920042","https://openalex.org/W2003423793","https://openalex.org/W2007462681","https://openalex.org/W2007969933","https://openalex.org/W2008343440","https://openalex.org/W2011727039","https://openalex.org/W2015263359","https://openalex.org/W2015788658","https://openalex.org/W2016885388","https://openalex.org/W2017569060","https://openalex.org/W2018182433","https://openalex.org/W2018218203","https://openalex.org/W2018591891","https://openalex.org/W2018819380","https://openalex.org/W2020948549","https://openalex.org/W2023089321","https://openalex.org/W2023845464","https://openalex.org/W2024799321","https://openalex.org/W2028386396","https://openalex.org/W2028880202","https://openalex.org/W2032885073","https://openalex.org/W2040479265","https://openalex.org/W2040539560","https://openalex.org/W2041613596","https://openalex.org/W2043126697","https://openalex.org/W2043684362","https://openalex.org/W2043691183","https://openalex.org/W2045975126","https://openalex.org/W2049936845","https://openalex.org/W2053355511","https://openalex.org/W2053444260","https://openalex.org/W2053789575","https://openalex.org/W2055532796","https://openalex.org/W2056430659","https://openalex.org/W2057540299","https://openalex.org/W2058542730","https://openalex.org/W2061799513","https://openalex.org/W2062698936","https://openalex.org/W2063651420","https://openalex.org/W2063711020","https://openalex.org/W2064279933","https://openalex.org/W2068184829","https://openalex.org/W2073995852","https://openalex.org/W2075023059","https://openalex.org/W2075242608","https://openalex.org/W2075668193","https://openalex.org/W2075913276","https://openalex.org/W2078496970","https://openalex.org/W2082040682","https://openalex.org/W2083242593","https://openalex.org/W2086272729","https://openalex.org/W2086655935","https://openalex.org/W2086879404","https://openalex.org/W2087811721","https://openalex.org/W2090646249","https://openalex.org/W2096056856","https://openalex.org/W2097526937","https://openalex.org/W2100084977","https://openalex.org/W2101194345","https://openalex.org/W2106052023","https://openalex.org/W2110840202","https://openalex.org/W2112309782","https://openalex.org/W2115081535","https://openalex.org/W2118266802","https://openalex.org/W2119414213","https://openalex.org/W2119905737","https://openalex.org/W2121766420","https://openalex.org/W2123258362","https://openalex.org/W2128222590","https://openalex.org/W2129233237","https://openalex.org/W2130927881","https://openalex.org/W2139150280","https://openalex.org/W2142124335","https://openalex.org/W2143266810","https://openalex.org/W2145584493","https://openalex.org/W2148337956","https://openalex.org/W2150529254","https://openalex.org/W2152598306","https://openalex.org/W2155975215","https://openalex.org/W2158135155","https://openalex.org/W2158562641","https://openalex.org/W2159401663","https://openalex.org/W2161337587","https://openalex.org/W2161548367","https://openalex.org/W2164457162","https://openalex.org/W2169057135","https://openalex.org/W2176166778","https://openalex.org/W2240752256","https://openalex.org/W2292024711","https://openalex.org/W2395434858","https://openalex.org/W2395736231","https://openalex.org/W2404775024","https://openalex.org/W2460458895","https://openalex.org/W2478217686","https://openalex.org/W2497435672","https://openalex.org/W2511242667","https://openalex.org/W2514048758","https://openalex.org/W2558035188","https://openalex.org/W2803974756","https://openalex.org/W2993743824","https://openalex.org/W2994494766","https://openalex.org/W3144462128","https://openalex.org/W3159355509","https://openalex.org/W4292994528","https://openalex.org/W4298366001","https://openalex.org/W4321508767"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2552268787","https://openalex.org/W2267992901","https://openalex.org/W2258223858","https://openalex.org/W4229758887","https://openalex.org/W2071071973","https://openalex.org/W7154798977","https://openalex.org/W2150854290","https://openalex.org/W1533039540","https://openalex.org/W7005425212","https://openalex.org/W4229902789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,138,188,214],"recent":[1],"years,":[2],"it":[3,140],"has":[4,123],"been":[5],"reported":[6],"that":[7,143,290],"numbers":[8],"of":[9,16,29,33,41,44,53,56,69,100,170,175,183,196,208,229,250,258],"Escherichia":[10],"coli":[11,111,239,252,304],"increase":[12,245,271],"\\nsignificantly":[13],"following":[14,113,254],"centrifugation":[15],"sludge":[17,46,189,215,235,278,307],"during":[18],"the":[19,30,42,45,57,87,90,131,135,155,161,173,194,218,227,247,265,277],"treatment":[20,61,84,121],"process.":[21],"E.":[22,110,209,238,303],"\\ncoli":[23,210],"is":[24,52,78],"used":[25],"as":[26,119,180,283,298],"an":[27,144],"indicator":[28],"microbiological":[31],"quality":[32],"sludge-derived":[34],"\\nproducts":[35],"destined":[36],"for":[37,59,301],"agricultural":[38],"recycling":[39],"and":[40,67,177,198,231,293],"efficacy":[43],"\\ntreatment":[47,300],"processes.":[48],"The":[49,115],"re-growth":[50,305],"phenomenon":[51],"concern":[54],"because":[55],"\\npotential":[58],"additional":[60],"requirement":[62],"/":[63],"higher":[64],"disposal":[65],"costs":[66],"loss":[68],"\\nconsumer":[70],"confidence":[71],"associated":[72],"with":[73],"a":[74,81,95,120,167,206,242,268,299],"compliance":[75],"failure.":[76],"It":[77,286],"hypothesised":[79],"\\nthat":[80],"competitive":[82,116,291],"exclusion":[83,117,292],"could":[85,280],"be":[86,92,149,281,288],"solution":[88],"wherein":[89],"\\ndigestate":[91],"exposed":[93],"to":[94,102,152,211,234,241],"\u2018probiotic\u2019":[96],"or":[97,106],"defined":[98,282],"mixture":[99],"micro-organisms,":[101],"\\neffectively":[103],"out":[104],"compete":[105],"eliminate":[107],"any":[108],"resident":[109],"remaining":[112],"\\ntreatment.":[114],"principle":[118],"method":[122],"\\nalready":[124],"seen":[125],"application":[126],"in":[127,172,193,205,264,306],"various":[128],"industrial":[129],"sectors,":[130],"most":[132,150,162],"well-known":[133],"\\nbeing":[134],"poultry":[136],"industry.":[137],"experiments":[139],"was":[141,272],"determined":[142],"\\nantimicrobial":[145],"producing":[146],"organism":[147],"would":[148],"likely":[151],"succeed.":[153],"From":[154,274],"\\ncandidates":[156],"screened,":[157],"Lactobacillus":[158],"reuteri":[159,165,202,222,233,295],"proved":[160],"promising.":[163],"L.":[164,201,221,232,294],"\\nis":[166],"known":[168],"producer":[169],"reuterin":[171],"presence":[174],"glycerol":[176,197,230],"organic":[178],"acids":[179],"\\na":[181],"part":[182],"its":[184],"normal":[185],"metabolic":[186],"activity.":[187],"derived":[190],"nutrient":[191],"broth":[192],"\\npresence":[195],"low":[199],"pH,":[200],"addition":[203,228],"resulted":[204],"reduction":[207],"undetectable":[212],"levels.":[213],"cake":[216,279,308],"under":[217],"same":[219],"conditions,":[220],"\\nwas":[223],"less":[224],"successful.":[225],"However":[226],"\\ncake":[236],"restricted":[237],"growth":[240],"2":[243],"log":[244,270],"from":[246],"initial":[248],"concentration":[249],"\\nE.":[251],"recorded":[253],"pasteurisation":[255],"(an":[256],"average":[257],"around":[259],"1x102":[260],"cfu/gDs),":[261],"\\nin":[262],"comparison":[263],"positive":[266],"control":[267],"4":[269],"recorded.":[273],"this":[275],"\\nresult":[276],"conventionally":[284],"treated.":[285],"can":[287],"\\nconcluded":[289],"show":[296],"promise":[297],"reducing":[302]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
