{"id":"https://openalex.org/W143140387","doi":null,"title":"The Spiral of Silence Ten Years Later: An Examination and Evaluation.","display_name":"The Spiral of Silence Ten Years Later: An Examination and Evaluation.","publication_year":1983,"publication_date":"1983-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W143140387","mag":"143140387"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:143140387","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED235528.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056136792","display_name":"Charles Thomas Salmon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-1441","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-1441"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles T. Salmon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9696-1441","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043198695","display_name":"F. Gerald Kline","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Gerald Kline","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":62,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.01284268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.48510000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10133","display_name":"Media Studies and Communication","score":0.48510000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12592","display_name":"Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence","score":0.29829999804496765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.1006999984383583,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiral-of-silence","display_name":"spiral of silence","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noelle-neumann","display_name":"Noelle-Neumann","score":0.8790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/opinion-formation","display_name":"opinion formation","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minority-opinion","display_name":"minority perspectives","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-opinion","display_name":"public opinion","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-isolation","display_name":"social isolation","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpersonal-influence","display_name":"interpersonal influence","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/media-influence","display_name":"media influence","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reaction-formation","display_name":"reaction formation","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection","display_name":"projection","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134698397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17946","display_name":"Public opinion","level":3,"score":0.7952956557273865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6394320130348206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.5775749087333679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.57249915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.5590862035751343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3115130066871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.18916112184524536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.10129627585411072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:143140387","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED235528.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W19784182","https://openalex.org/W173836179","https://openalex.org/W410268765","https://openalex.org/W1515114157","https://openalex.org/W1692053227","https://openalex.org/W1966279106","https://openalex.org/W1967856480","https://openalex.org/W1968118027","https://openalex.org/W1971834327","https://openalex.org/W1972638432","https://openalex.org/W1987748965","https://openalex.org/W1990892474","https://openalex.org/W1991223298","https://openalex.org/W1991840022","https://openalex.org/W2010291747","https://openalex.org/W2017461067","https://openalex.org/W2017996636","https://openalex.org/W2030421554","https://openalex.org/W2038062871","https://openalex.org/W2041963608","https://openalex.org/W2046269721","https://openalex.org/W2047218773","https://openalex.org/W2051450119","https://openalex.org/W2052251473","https://openalex.org/W2053671438","https://openalex.org/W2090203105","https://openalex.org/W2103023235","https://openalex.org/W2104811839","https://openalex.org/W2119113701","https://openalex.org/W2124122196","https://openalex.org/W2133875371","https://openalex.org/W2136360414","https://openalex.org/W2136819593","https://openalex.org/W2137294973","https://openalex.org/W2142983890","https://openalex.org/W2148813911","https://openalex.org/W2316331953","https://openalex.org/W2320182774","https://openalex.org/W2320830502","https://openalex.org/W2505946565","https://openalex.org/W2606081992","https://openalex.org/W2765213080","https://openalex.org/W2790231988","https://openalex.org/W2797039506","https://openalex.org/W2798494304","https://openalex.org/W3134655311"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2986201750","https://openalex.org/W2993823285","https://openalex.org/W2035381879","https://openalex.org/W1994484426","https://openalex.org/W167018340","https://openalex.org/W2029556481","https://openalex.org/W2963491054","https://openalex.org/W4308695361","https://openalex.org/W7160070789","https://openalex.org/W3088005979"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"In":[1],"her":[2],"model":[3,162],"of":[4,12,37,46,61,128,136,151,168],"opinion":[5,51,108,113,184],"formation,":[6,52],"Elizabeth":[7],"Noelle-Neumann":[8],"postulates":[9],"a":[10,59,104,166],"spiral":[11],"silence:,to":[13],"avoid":[14],"isolation,":[15,72],"people":[16,70,85,129,142],"holding":[17],"minority":[18],"views":[19,89],"either":[20],"alter":[21],"their":[22,134,144,149,171],"ideas":[23,48],"to":[24,26,66,125,133,147],"conform":[25],"the":[27,35,38,77,116,158,173,180],"majority's":[28],"stance":[29],"or":[30,96,160],"remain":[31],"silent,":[32],"thus":[33],"increasing":[34],"impression":[36],"majority":[39,88],"view's":[40],"dominance.":[41],"While":[42],"providing,a":[43],"helpful":[44],"integration":[45],"disparate":[47],"in":[49,76,81],"public":[50,112,137,152],"Noelle-Neumann's":[53,126],"framework":[54],"has":[55],"been":[56],"questioned":[57],"at":[58],"number":[60],"poipts.":[62],"Is":[63],"it":[64],"reasonable":[65],"assume":[67],"that":[68,83,100,140],"since":[69],"fear":[71,74],"most":[73],"being":[75],"minority?":[78],"Research":[79],"suggests,":[80],"fact,":[82],"many":[84,181],"can,":[86],"oppose":[87],"as":[90,92,130],"long":[91],"they":[93],"have":[94,103,120],"individual":[95],"group":[97],"support":[98],"and":[99],"interpersonal":[101],"relationships":[102],"greater":[105],"impact":[106],"on":[107,165,179],"formation":[109],"than":[110],"impersonal":[111],"presented":[114],"via":[115],"media.":[117],"Recent":[118],"studies":[119],"also":[121],"offered":[122],"an":[123],"alternative":[124],"view":[127],"simply":[131],"'reacting":[132],"perception":[135],"opinion,":[138],"suggesting":[139],"instead,":[141],"use":[143],"own":[145],"opinions":[146],"form":[148],"perceptions":[150],"attitudes.":[153],"Whether":[154],"people's":[155],"behavior":[156],"resembles":[157],"reaction":[159],"projection":[161],"may":[163],"depend":[164],"numben":[167],"conditions,":[169],"including":[170],"familiaritywith":[172],"issue.":[174],"Further":[175],"research":[176],"is":[177],"needed":[178],"factors":[182],"influencing":[183],"formation.":[185],"(MM)":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
