{"id":"https://openalex.org/W13792412","doi":null,"title":"Leptin Levels in Obese and Non-Obese African and Caucasian Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes","display_name":"Leptin Levels in Obese and Non-Obese African and Caucasian Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W13792412","mag":"13792412"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:13792412","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.sid.ir/en/VEWSSID/J_pdf/101120040201.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306514215","display_name":"Intern J Endocrinol Metab","issn_l":"1726-913X","issn":["1726-913X","1726-9148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041109049","display_name":"Zulfiqarali G. Abbas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0071","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4564-0071"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I187531555","display_name":"Lund University","ror":"https://ror.org/012a77v79","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zulfiqarali G. Abbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lund Univ.#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lund Univ.#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I187531555"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010423088","display_name":"Janet K. Lutale","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janet Lutale","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027109387","display_name":"Bo \u00c5hr\u00e9n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-5340","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-5340"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo \u00c5hr\u00e9n","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9804-5340","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00211376,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":"2","first_page":"61","last_page":"65"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10528","display_name":"Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","score":0.8984000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10528","display_name":"Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases","score":0.8984000086784363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10489","display_name":"Regulation of Appetite and Obesity","score":0.09390000253915787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2807","display_name":"Endocrine and Autonomic Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10027","display_name":"Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins","score":0.004600000102072954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leptin","display_name":"leptin","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/obesity","display_name":"obesity","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/african-origin","display_name":"African origin","score":0.5339999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-differences","display_name":"racial differences","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adiposity","display_name":"adiposity","score":0.6169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metformin","display_name":"metformin","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sulfonylureas","display_name":"sulfonylureas","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-risk","display_name":"cardiovascular risk","score":0.550000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9334751963615417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.8319278955459595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511355011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12174","display_name":"Obesity","level":2,"score":0.7216771245002747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780613262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223739","display_name":"Leptin","level":3,"score":0.7111725807189941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.6216250061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.605531632900238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777180221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3025883","display_name":"Type 2 diabetes","level":3,"score":0.5780227780342102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779306644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2002370","display_name":"Insulin","level":2,"score":0.5176215767860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780323712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19484","display_name":"Metformin","level":3,"score":0.49421146512031555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84393581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82642","display_name":"Blood pressure","level":2,"score":0.4322316646575928}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:13792412","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.sid.ir/en/VEWSSID/J_pdf/101120040201.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306514215","display_name":"Intern J Endocrinol Metab","issn_l":"1726-913X","issn":["1726-913X","1726-9148"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-70","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1907118131","https://openalex.org/W1970022980","https://openalex.org/W1971266226","https://openalex.org/W1972061743","https://openalex.org/W1976759651","https://openalex.org/W1983393003","https://openalex.org/W1985804759","https://openalex.org/W1999892971","https://openalex.org/W2001368367","https://openalex.org/W2006814193","https://openalex.org/W2033877540","https://openalex.org/W2053454761","https://openalex.org/W2054813695","https://openalex.org/W2062735414","https://openalex.org/W2068649426","https://openalex.org/W2084160841","https://openalex.org/W2085797760","https://openalex.org/W2108781496","https://openalex.org/W2111230909","https://openalex.org/W2126412697","https://openalex.org/W2133545915","https://openalex.org/W2135860304","https://openalex.org/W2165341185","https://openalex.org/W2406798951"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2410586299","https://openalex.org/W4384785325","https://openalex.org/W2115873524","https://openalex.org/W1985804759","https://openalex.org/W3108178942","https://openalex.org/W2314906324","https://openalex.org/W3110224197","https://openalex.org/W2025713062","https://openalex.org/W2604847327","https://openalex.org/W3143080577"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u2022":[0,14],"'":[1],"t":[2],"has":[3],"previously":[4],"been":[5],"demonstrated":[6],"that":[7,115,169],"circu1ating":[8],"levels":[9,30,146,181],"of":[10,24,40,56,84,109,186,192,203],"Jeptin":[11],"show":[12],"etlmic":[13],"..":[15],"differences":[16],"when":[17,136,159],"controlled":[18,160],"for":[19,82,161],"the":[20,151,156],"con\u00ad":[21],"founding":[22],"influence":[23],"adiposity.":[25],"This":[26],"study":[27],"examined":[28],"leptin":[29,87,145,180],"in":[31,61,71,150,155,171,206],"non-obese":[32,172],"and":[33,46,49,86,124,134,140,163,173],"obese":[34,50,139,142,174],"subjects":[35,51,94,153,175,185],"with":[36,52,97,102,104,176],"type":[37,53,177],"2":[38,54,178],"diabetes":[39,55],"African":[41,58,152,187],"versus":[42],"Caucasian":[43,68,193],"origin.":[44,194],"Materials":[45],"Methods:":[47],"Non-obese":[48],"either":[57],"origin":[59,69],"living":[60,70],"Dar":[62],"es":[63],"Salaam,":[64],"Tanzania":[65],"(n=22)":[66],"or":[67,101,105,127],"Malmo,":[72],"Sweden":[73],"(n=24)":[74],"were":[75,95,147],"studied":[76],"by":[77],"taking":[78],"a":[79],"fasting":[80,125],"sample":[81],"analysis":[83],"insulin":[85,128],"after":[88],"an":[89],"over\u00ad":[90],"night":[91],"fast.":[92],"All":[93],"treated":[96],"met\u00ad":[98],"formln":[99],"alone":[100],"sulfonylurea":[103],"with\u00ad":[106],"out":[107],"addition":[108],"metformin.":[110],"Results:":[111],"It":[112],"was":[113],"found":[114],"age,":[116],"BMI,":[117],"w":[118],"aist":[119],"cir\u00ad":[120],"cumference,":[121],"blood":[122],"pressure":[123],"glucose":[126],"did":[129],"not":[130],"differ":[131],"between":[132],"Africans":[133],"Caucasians,":[135],"divided":[137],"into":[138],"non\u00ad":[141],"subjects.":[143,208],"However,":[144],"50%":[148],"higher":[149,183,201],"than":[154,191],"Cauca\u00ad":[157],"sians,":[158],"gender":[162],"BMI":[164],"(P=O.01).":[165],"Conclusion:":[166],"We":[167],"conclude":[168],"both":[170],"diabetes,":[179],"are":[182],"among":[184],"ori":[188],"\u00ad":[189],"gin":[190],"Tills":[195],"may":[196],"be":[197],"re\u00ad":[198],"lated":[199],"to":[200],"risk":[202],"cardiovascular":[204],"diseases":[205],"these":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}