{"id":"https://openalex.org/W136603631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3171412","title":"The Heartlessness of the Picturesque: Sympathy and Disgust in Ruskin's Aesthetics","display_name":"The Heartlessness of the Picturesque: Sympathy and Disgust in Ruskin's Aesthetics","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W136603631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3171412","mag":"136603631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/3171412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3171412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3171412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115308426","display_name":"Assemblage","issn_l":"0889-3012","issn":["0889-3012","2326-4691"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Assemblage","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032899514","display_name":"John Macarthur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-1305","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8787-1305"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"John Macarthur","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032899514"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":34,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05768644,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":"32","first_page":"126","last_page":"126"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12632","display_name":"Visual Culture and Art Theory","score":0.48730000853538513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12632","display_name":"Visual Culture and Art Theory","score":0.48730000853538513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14092","display_name":"Ethics, Aesthetics, and Art","score":0.29420000314712524,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1211","display_name":"Philosophy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14322","display_name":"Art, Aesthetics, and Perception","score":0.08799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1213","display_name":"Visual Arts and Performing Arts"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/john-ruskin","display_name":"John Ruskin","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/picturesque","display_name":"picturesque","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sympathy","display_name":"sympathy","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disgust","display_name":"disgust","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aesthetic-theory","display_name":"aesthetic theory","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history-of-aesthetics","display_name":"history of aesthetics","score":0.4620000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779115301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752118","display_name":"Sympathy","level":2,"score":0.9642430543899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777375102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208351","display_name":"Disgust","level":3,"score":0.9412683248519897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.6444774866104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.6196573972702026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2717580199241638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.20634141564369202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79871","display_name":"Anger","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/3171412","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3171412","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/3171412","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115308426","display_name":"Assemblage","issn_l":"0889-3012","issn":["0889-3012","2326-4691"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315718","host_organization_name":"The MIT Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315718","https://openalex.org/P4310316440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["The MIT Press","Massachusetts Institute of Technology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Assemblage","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7007674117","https://openalex.org/W7036047270","https://openalex.org/W2982125459","https://openalex.org/W7014286326","https://openalex.org/W2980235173","https://openalex.org/W7217902658","https://openalex.org/W2990125104","https://openalex.org/W1604579657","https://openalex.org/W2975005835","https://openalex.org/W2506853100"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Despite":[0],"John":[1],"Ruskin's":[2,83,122,214],"vehement":[3],"condemnation":[4,84],"of":[5,33,45,63,85,157,160,178,186,198,209,216,222,243],"it":[6,37,80,152,182,233],"in":[7,21,82,203],"some":[8],"places,":[9],"his":[10,24,187,226],"work":[11,25],"is":[12,38,48,81,91,99,126,150,153,164],"indebted":[13],"to":[14,29,49,75,112,118,130,136,144,166,174,225],"earlier":[15],"writers":[16],"on":[17],"the":[18,40,46,58,64,86,89,97,109,131,158,176,191,199,210,217,230,234],"Picturesque,":[19,231],"and":[20,121],"general":[22,68,250],"terms":[23],"can":[26],"be":[27,30,137],"understood":[28],"a":[31,50,67,100,204,207,220,249],"development":[32,208],"picturesque":[34,47,116,132,192,200],"sensibility.":[35],"But":[36],"also":[39],"case":[41],"that":[42,60,88,96,151],"our":[43],"image":[44],"large":[51],"extent":[52,59],"one":[53,73],"received":[54],"through":[55],"Ruskin.":[56],"To":[57],"we":[61],"think":[62],"Picturesque":[65,87,98,169,218],"as":[66,180,219],"aesthetic":[69,251],"concept":[70,90],"rather":[71,240],"than":[72,194],"particular":[74],"its":[76],"Eighteenth":[77],"Century":[78],"inventors,":[79],"completed.":[92],"Ruskin":[93,173],"tells":[94],"us":[95],"kind":[101,221],"facile":[102],"preoccupation":[103],"with":[104],"visual":[105],"qualities":[106],"which":[107,163,238],"blind":[108],"weak":[110],"minded":[111],"human":[113],"suffering.":[114],"The":[115,148],"leads":[117],"unseemly":[119],"interests":[120],"disgust":[123,162,179],"at":[124],"picturesqueness":[125],"an":[127,154,184,195],"exact":[128],"parallel":[129],"viewer's":[133],"having":[134],"forgotten":[135],"disgusted.":[138],"There":[139],"are":[140],"two":[141],"interesting":[142],"aspects":[143],"this":[145,239],"paradoxical":[146],"denunciation.":[147],"first":[149],"unacknowledged":[155],"reiteration":[156],"problem":[159],"conceptualizing":[161],"fundamental":[165],"eighteenth":[167,211],"century":[168,212],"theory.":[170],"Second,":[171],"for":[172],"repeat":[175],"problematic":[177],"if":[181],"were":[183],"aspect":[185],"historical":[188],"distance":[189],"from":[190],"(rather":[193],"integral":[196],"part":[197],"thematic)":[201],"is,":[202],"strange":[205],"way,":[206],"picturesque.":[213],"use":[215],"hors":[223],"d'oeuvre":[224],"own":[227],"project":[228],"completes":[229],"gives":[232],"temporal":[235],"mechanism":[236],"by":[237],"slight":[241],"theory":[242],"rural":[244],"genre":[245],"painting":[246],"could":[247],"become":[248],"principle.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-12T09:15:50.089291","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}