{"id":"https://openalex.org/W136377886","doi":null,"title":"The electrification of Florida thunderstorms","display_name":"The electrification of Florida thunderstorms","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W136377886","mag":"136377886"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/290670","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Martin J. Murphy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-3967","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-3967"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin J. Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1108-3967","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thunderstorm-electrification","display_name":"thunderstorm electrification","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-to-ground-lightning","display_name":"cloud-to-ground lightning","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightning-current","display_name":"lightning current","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thunderstorm-cells","display_name":"thunderstorm cells","score":0.4189999997615814}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80316258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857578","display_name":"Thunderstorm","level":2,"score":0.8417011499404907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47279414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427085","display_name":"Atmospheric electricity","level":3,"score":0.684238076210022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69398868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129052","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","level":3,"score":0.6575725674629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.6404750943183899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.5767040252685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.525189995765686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.44106587767601013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93805220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1775058","display_name":"Upper-atmospheric lightning","level":4,"score":0.41786524653434753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40937832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1111","display_name":"Electric charge","level":2,"score":0.4173394441604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.4137857258319855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3420206308364868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.32557815313339233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182236062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15120872","display_name":"Lightning strike","level":3,"score":0.2652614414691925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.arizona.edu:10150/290670","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290670","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400271","display_name":"UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","host_organization_name":"University of Arizona","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic)"},{"id":"mag:136377886","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/handle/10150/290670","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W76284671","https://openalex.org/W2009031048","https://openalex.org/W2061696707","https://openalex.org/W6983154404","https://openalex.org/W2006110206","https://openalex.org/W1985870931","https://openalex.org/W7098134023","https://openalex.org/W2089006720","https://openalex.org/W2026428381","https://openalex.org/W2168033007"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Six":[0],"thunderstorms":[1],"that":[2,318],"occurred":[3],"at":[4,159],"the":[5,27,31,53,63,134,149,160,169,172,212,218,229,264,269,275,300,322,336],"NASA":[6],"Kennedy":[7],"Space":[8],"Center,":[9],"Florida,":[10],"have":[11],"been":[12],"studied":[13],"in":[14,48,52,69,126,148,168,211,260],"an":[15],"attempt":[16],"to":[17,57,61,77,165,206,228,250,321,331],"characterize":[18],"their":[19],"electrical":[20],"structure":[21],"and":[22,42,65,94,97,110,221,240,253,293,309,326,329],"electrification.":[23],"Ground-based":[24],"measurements":[25],"of":[26,33,67,87,103,117,137,171,174,179,232,334],"cloud":[28,70,197,276,290,311],"electric":[29,54],"fields,":[30],"locations":[32,64],"lightning":[34,39,58,83,121,242,270,281,295,327],"VHF":[35],"radio":[36],"sources,":[37],"cloud-to-ground":[38],"strike":[40],"points,":[41],"dual-polarization":[43],"radar":[44],"data":[45],"were":[46,59,75,91,98,130,193,204,226,254,297,319],"used":[47,60,76,205],"this":[49],"study.":[50],"Changes":[51],"field":[55],"due":[56],"determine":[62],"magnitudes":[66],"changes":[68],"charge.":[71],"The":[72,85,101,214,237,289],"fields":[73,150],"themselves":[74],"compute":[78],"displacement":[79],"current":[80,202,271],"densities":[81,203],"following":[82],"flashes.":[84,176],"altitudes":[86],"negative":[88,220],"charge":[89,106,118,143,154,198,208,224,233,285],"regions":[90,155,225],"between":[92],"6.5":[93],"8.5":[95],"km":[96],"almost":[99],"constant.":[100],"altitude":[102],"upper":[104,222],"positive":[105,142,223],"exhibited":[107],"more":[108,190],"variability,":[109],"usually":[111,146],"increased":[112,122],"as":[113],"cells":[114],"developed.":[115],"Amounts":[116],"removed":[119],"by":[120,186,195,235],"during":[123,133],"each":[124,244],"cell":[125],"large":[127],"storms":[128],"but":[129,189],"nearly":[131],"constant":[132],"early":[135],"part":[136],"small":[138],"storms.":[139,262],"A":[140,162,252],"lower":[141],"center":[144],"(LPCC)":[145],"appeared":[147,164,330],"before":[151],"any":[152],"other":[153],"could":[156],"be":[157,166,332],"detected":[158],"ground.":[161],"LPCC":[163,182],"involved":[167],"initiation":[170],"majority":[173],"CG":[175],"During":[177],"periods":[178],"lightning,":[180],"a":[181,187,196,304],"was":[183,266,272,282],"sometimes":[184],"created":[185],"flash,":[188],"typically,":[191],"LPCCs":[192],"produced":[194],"separation":[199],"process.":[200],"Displacement":[201],"estimate":[207],"accumulation":[209],"rates":[210,215,239,292,325],"cloud.":[213],"derived":[216],"for":[217],"main":[219],"compared":[227,298],"average":[230,241,294],"rate":[231],"removal":[234],"lightning.":[236],"generation":[238],"currents":[243,296,301,317,328],"had":[245],"values":[246],"ranging":[247],"from":[248,286],"0.2":[249],"1.5":[251],"approximately":[255],"equal":[256],"within":[257],"expected":[258],"errors":[259],"single-cell":[261],"Once":[263],"storm":[265],"multicellular,":[267],"however,":[268],"larger":[273],"than":[274],"charging":[277,291,307,324],"rate,":[278],"possibly":[279],"because":[280],"removing":[283],"residual":[284],"older":[287],"cells.":[288],"with":[299],"computed":[302],"using":[303],"non-inductive":[305],"ice-graupel":[306],"mechanism":[308,315],"radar-derived":[310],"microphysical":[312],"data.":[313],"This":[314],"provided":[316],"comparable":[320],"observed":[323],"capable":[333],"producing":[335],"LPCC.":[337]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}