{"id":"https://openalex.org/W134546865","doi":null,"title":"Exploring Massive Volunteered Geographic Information for Geographic Knowledge Discovery","display_name":"Exploring Massive Volunteered Geographic Information for Geographic Knowledge Discovery","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W134546865","mag":"134546865"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kth-27034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27034","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019949140","display_name":"Tao Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2337-2857","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2337-2857"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tao Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2337-2857","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019949140"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10757","display_name":"Geographic Information Systems Studies","score":0.9628999829292297,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3305","display_name":"Geography, Planning and Development"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.02410000003874302,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/volunteered-geographic-information","display_name":"volunteered geographic information","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/openstreetmap","display_name":"OpenStreetMap","score":0.9869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-sprawl","display_name":"urban sprawl","score":0.5600000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zipf-s-law","display_name":"Zipf's law","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-cities","display_name":"natural cities","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-agglomerations","display_name":"urban agglomerations","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-systems","display_name":"urban systems","score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-compactness","display_name":"urban compactness","score":0.43799999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-planning-policy","display_name":"urban planning policy","score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-cities","display_name":"American cities","score":0.43299999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-states","display_name":"United States states","score":0.4020000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57380593","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q933625","display_name":"Volunteered geographic information","level":2,"score":0.8504927158355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9770341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Geospatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5092974901199341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.5036596655845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4239962100982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.4027751684188843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.38558635115623474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.23424547910690308}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kth-27034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis"},{"id":"mag:134546865","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kth.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:374640/FULLTEXT01.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:DiVA.org:kth-27034","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-27034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401559","display_name":"KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","host_organization_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1375279","https://openalex.org/W57544470","https://openalex.org/W59734646","https://openalex.org/W105448937","https://openalex.org/W196993401","https://openalex.org/W574164683","https://openalex.org/W617329305","https://openalex.org/W1520619189","https://openalex.org/W1548849615","https://openalex.org/W1559000686","https://openalex.org/W1574059304","https://openalex.org/W1605321349","https://openalex.org/W1967241124","https://openalex.org/W1967841763","https://openalex.org/W1968621588","https://openalex.org/W1974584682","https://openalex.org/W1976353202","https://openalex.org/W1976902852","https://openalex.org/W1977664754","https://openalex.org/W1985672722","https://openalex.org/W1986992375","https://openalex.org/W1989270195","https://openalex.org/W1989750313","https://openalex.org/W1998819003","https://openalex.org/W2000192633","https://openalex.org/W2000902397","https://openalex.org/W2005308733","https://openalex.org/W2009947662","https://openalex.org/W2012986027","https://openalex.org/W2014621064","https://openalex.org/W2018810248","https://openalex.org/W2021257428","https://openalex.org/W2022664803","https://openalex.org/W2028329245","https://openalex.org/W2041114254","https://openalex.org/W2050961965","https://openalex.org/W2060130648","https://openalex.org/W2091854509","https://openalex.org/W2094748225","https://openalex.org/W2112843055","https://openalex.org/W2119423494","https://openalex.org/W2128580910","https://openalex.org/W2138899136","https://openalex.org/W2139465499","https://openalex.org/W2145648738","https://openalex.org/W2147329770","https://openalex.org/W2159491186","https://openalex.org/W2161291053","https://openalex.org/W2257903775","https://openalex.org/W2432517183","https://openalex.org/W2484498478","https://openalex.org/W2949525215","https://openalex.org/W2981264952","https://openalex.org/W2984272831","https://openalex.org/W3103362336"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1946201269","https://openalex.org/W2914082484","https://openalex.org/W6922539253","https://openalex.org/W2619061249","https://openalex.org/W2125608429","https://openalex.org/W2190501454","https://openalex.org/W1499763123","https://openalex.org/W2139961816","https://openalex.org/W2513515107","https://openalex.org/W2189451315"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Conventionally":[0],"geographic":[1,55,72],"data":[2,19,56,73,141,447],"produced":[3],"and":[4,58,84,91,106,163,343,435,448,467,469,480,492],"disseminated":[5,59],"by":[6,60,116,243],"the":[7,40,54,79,131,139,145,149,164,182,204,253,269,280,306,327,387,432,454,489],"national":[8],"mapping":[9,113],"agencies":[10],"are":[11,20,28,89,96,196,392],"used":[12],"for":[13,30,312,497],"studying":[14],"various":[15],"urban":[16,150,167,352,376],"issues.":[17],"These":[18,169],"not":[21,303,319],"commonly":[22],"available":[23],"or":[24,176,246],"accessible,":[25],"but":[26],"also":[27],"criticized":[29],"being":[31],"expensive.":[32],"However,":[33],"this":[34,232,367,441,456],"trend":[35],"is":[36,53,110,123,213,266,284,298,302,360,372,384,401],"changing":[37],"along":[38],"with":[39,354,395,410,413,443],"rise":[41],"of":[42,71,82,99,130,166,184,206,228,279,338],"Volunteered":[43],"Geographic":[44],"Information":[45],"(VGI).":[46],"VGI,":[47],"known":[48,423],"as":[49,102,138,158,424],"user":[50],"generated":[51,197],"content,":[52],"collected":[57,76],"individuals":[61],"at":[62,305],"a":[63,68,111,119,199,291,357,369,407,485,494],"voluntary":[64],"basis.":[65],"So":[66],"far,":[67],"huge":[69],"amount":[70,337],"has":[74],"been":[75],"due":[77],"to":[78,93,125,143,189,239,325,346,362,374,417,461],"increasing":[80],"number":[81],"contributors":[83],"volunteers.":[85],"More":[86],"importantly,":[87],"they":[88,234],"free":[90],"accessible":[92],"anyone.":[94],"There":[95],"many":[97,347],"formats":[98],"VGI":[100],"such":[101,157],"Wikimapia,":[103],"Flickr,":[104],"GeoNames":[105],"OpenStreetMap":[107],"(OSM).":[108],"OSM":[109,137],"new":[112,370,486],"project":[114],"contributed":[115],"volunteers":[117],"via":[118,203],"wiki-like":[120],"collaboration,":[121],"which":[122,283],"aimed":[124],"create":[126],"free,":[127],"editable":[128],"map":[129],"entire":[132,504],"world.":[133],"This":[134,210,322,382,419,438,482],"thesis":[135,323,457],"adopts":[136],"main":[140],"source":[142],"uncover":[144],"hidden":[146],"patterns":[147],"around":[148],"systems.":[151],"We":[152,180],"investigated":[153],"some":[154,444],"fundamental":[155],"issues":[156,170],"city":[159,191,240,411],"rank":[160,260],"size":[161,192,261],"law":[162,277,301,311],"measurement":[165],"sprawl.":[168],"were":[171],"conventionally":[172],"studied":[173],"using":[174],"Census":[175,244],"satellite":[177,249],"imagery":[178],"data.":[179],"define":[181],"concept":[183],"natural":[185,229,270,313,331,450,473],"cities":[186,195,271,314,430,474],"in":[187,198,272,397],"order":[188],"assess":[190],"distribution.":[193],"Natural":[194],"bottom":[200],"up":[201,416],"manner":[202],"agglomeration":[205],"individual":[207,316],"street":[208,380,390,404],"nodes.":[209,381],"clustering":[211,219,222,281],"process":[212],"dependent":[214],"on":[215,252,330,379,386,453],"one":[216,265,297],"parameter":[217],"called":[218],"resolution.":[220],"Different":[221],"resolutions":[223],"could":[224],"derive":[225],"different":[226,285],"levels":[227],"cities.":[230,294,332,398,437,451],"In":[231,366],"respect,":[233],"show":[235],"little":[236],"bias":[237],"compared":[238],"boundaries":[241],"imposed":[242],"bureau":[245],"extracted":[247],"from":[248,286],"imagery.":[250],"Based":[251,452],"investigation,":[254],"we":[255],"made":[256],"two":[257],"findings":[258],"about":[259],"distributions.":[262],"The":[263,295],"first":[264],"that":[267,299,389,403],"all":[268,429,472],"US":[273,445,449],"follow":[274],"strictly":[275],"Zipf\u2019s":[276,300,310],"regardless":[278],"resolutions,":[282],"other":[287],"studies":[288],"only":[289],"investigating":[290],"few":[292],"largest":[293],"second":[296],"universal":[304],"state":[307],"level,":[308],"e.g.,":[309],"within":[315],"states":[317],"does":[318],"hold":[320],"valid.":[321],"continues":[324],"detect":[326],"sprawling":[328,490,500],"based":[329,378,385],"Urban":[333],"sprawl":[334,353,377,425],"devours":[335],"large":[336],"open":[339],"space":[340],"each":[341],"year":[342],"subsequently":[344],"leads":[345],"environmental":[348],"problems.":[349],"To":[350],"curb":[351],"proper":[355],"policies,":[356],"major":[358],"problem":[359],"how":[361],"objectively":[363],"measure":[364,375],"it.":[365],"thesis,":[368],"approach":[371,383,442],"proposed":[373],"fact":[388],"nodes":[391,405],"significantly":[393],"correlated":[394],"population":[396],"Specifically,":[399],"it":[400,460],"reported":[402],"have":[406],"linear":[408,420],"relationship":[409],"sizes":[412],"correlation":[414],"coefficient":[415],"0.97.":[418],"regression":[421],"line,":[422],"ruler,":[426],"can":[427],"partition":[428],"into":[431,475,488],"sprawling,":[433,478],"compact":[434,479],"normal":[436],"study":[439],"verifies":[440],"census":[446],"verification,":[455],"further":[458],"applies":[459],"three":[462,476],"European":[463],"countries:":[464],"France,":[465],"Germany":[466],"UK,":[468],"consequently":[470],"categorizes":[471],"classes:":[477],"normal.":[481],"categorization":[483],"provides":[484],"insight":[487],"detection":[491],"sets":[493],"uniform":[495],"standard":[496],"cross":[498],"comparing":[499],"level":[501],"across":[502],"an":[503],"country.":[505]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
