{"id":"https://openalex.org/W133409704","doi":null,"title":"Revolutionary Constitutionalism in the Era of the Civil War and Reconstruction","display_name":"Revolutionary Constitutionalism in the Era of the Civil War and Reconstruction","publication_year":1986,"publication_date":"1986-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W133409704","mag":"133409704"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lawnet.fordham.edu:faculty_scholarship-1465","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","pdf_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196678","display_name":"FLASH - Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship & History (Fordham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164389053","host_organization_name":"Fordham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072691889","display_name":"Robert J. Kaczorowski","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Robert J. Kaczorowski","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072691889"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":null,"first_page":"863","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.9369999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12765","display_name":"Race, History, and American Society","score":0.023900000378489494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14288","display_name":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","score":0.01549999974668026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fourteenth-amendment","display_name":"Fourteenth Amendment","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-rights-act-of-1866","display_name":"Civil Rights Act of 1866","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconstruction-era","display_name":"Reconstruction","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-war","display_name":"civil war","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-citizenship","display_name":"national citizenship","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/republican-party","display_name":"Republican Party","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congressional-debate","display_name":"congressional debate","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legislative-history","display_name":"legislative history","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-civil-rights","display_name":"Black civil rights","score":0.6200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racism","display_name":"racism","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constitutional-interpretation","display_name":"constitutional interpretation","score":0.3330000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70999106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194747","display_name":"Constitutionalism","level":4,"score":0.9241337776184082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81631423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10859","display_name":"Spanish Civil War","level":2,"score":0.6917131543159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6322200298309326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.45020878314971924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.3539154529571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.351293683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138921699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47555","display_name":"Political economy","level":1,"score":0.3497977554798126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2787606120109558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.2384379804134369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.2051733136177063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555826173","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7174","display_name":"Democracy","level":3,"score":0.1838715374469757}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lawnet.fordham.edu:faculty_scholarship-1465","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","pdf_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196678","display_name":"FLASH - Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship & History (Fordham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164389053","host_organization_name":"Fordham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"mag:133409704","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1465&context=faculty_scholarship","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S40812874","display_name":"New York University law review","issn_l":"0028-7881","issn":["0028-7881"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316021","host_organization_name":"New York University School of Law","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316021","https://openalex.org/P4310315946"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["New York University School of Law","New York University"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"New York University law review","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ir.lawnet.fordham.edu:faculty_scholarship-1465","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","pdf_url":"https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/faculty_scholarship/466","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196678","display_name":"FLASH - Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship & History (Fordham University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I164389053","host_organization_name":"Fordham University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164389053"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Faculty Scholarship","raw_type":"article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.9200000166893005}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W133409704.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W133409704.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2272821038","https://openalex.org/W4388066526","https://openalex.org/W1526321149","https://openalex.org/W4391623750","https://openalex.org/W2235602681","https://openalex.org/W206009301","https://openalex.org/W6918193394","https://openalex.org/W2247687246","https://openalex.org/W1545825737","https://openalex.org/W7111728470"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"meaning":[1],"and":[2,8,49,83,87,105,116],"scope":[3],"of":[4,13,46,89,95,109,112,144,155,167],"the":[5,9,17,29,43,47,65,70,85,96,110,132,142,153,164],"fourteenth":[6],"amendment":[7,48],"Civil":[10],"Rights":[11],"Act":[12],"1866":[14],"remain":[15],"among":[16],"most":[18,66],"controversial":[19],"issues":[20,30],"in":[21,38,131],"American":[22,90],"constitutional":[23],"law.":[24],"Professor":[25,119],"Kaczorowski":[26,120],"contends":[27],"that":[28,64,125,137],"have":[31,51],"generated":[32],"more":[33],"controversy":[34],"than":[35],"they":[36],"warrant,":[37],"part":[39],"because":[40],"scholars":[41],"analyzing":[42],"legislative":[44],"history":[45],"statute":[50],"approached":[52],"their":[53],"task":[54],"with":[55,152],"preconceptions":[56],"reflecting":[57],"twentieth":[58],"century":[59],"legal":[60,161],"concerns.":[61],"He":[62,135],"argues":[63],"important":[67],"question":[68],"for":[69,163],"framers":[71],"was":[72],"whether":[73],"national":[74,133,145],"or":[75],"state":[76],"governments":[77],"possessed":[78],"primary":[79],"authority":[80],"to":[81,141,159],"determine":[82],"secure":[84],"status":[86],"rights":[88,166],"citizens.":[91],"Relying":[92],"on":[93],"records":[94],"congressional":[97],"debates":[98],"as":[99,101],"well":[100],"letters,":[102],"newspaper":[103],"clippings,":[104],"other":[106],"contemporaneous":[107],"evidence":[108],"views":[111],"congressmen,":[113],"federal":[114,117],"judges,":[115],"attorneys,":[118],"describes":[121],"a":[122],"Republican":[123,139],"consensus":[124],"such":[126],"power":[127],"must":[128],"ultimately":[129],"lie":[130],"government":[134],"concludes":[136],"this":[138],"commitment":[140],"primacy":[143],"citizenship":[146],"helps":[147],"explain":[148],"why":[149],"racist":[150,156],"politicians,":[151],"support":[154],"constituents,":[157],"worked":[158],"ensure":[160],"protection":[162],"civil":[165],"blacks.":[168]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}