{"id":"https://openalex.org/W133173631","doi":null,"title":"The role of deliberate practice in developing adolescent golfing excellence","display_name":"The role of deliberate practice in developing adolescent golfing excellence","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W133173631","mag":"133173631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:clok.uclan.ac.uk:6652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6652/6/Hayman%20Rick%20e-Thesis%20Submission%20Form.doc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402361","display_name":"CLOK (University of Central Lancashire)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185852735","host_organization_name":"University of Lancashire","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185852735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027331322","display_name":"Rick Hayman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-5320","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-5320"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rick Hayman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-5320","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027331322"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13224","display_name":"Sports and Physical Education Research","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deliberate-practice","display_name":"deliberate practice","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/golf","display_name":"golf","score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/youth-athletes","display_name":"youth athletes","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-performance","display_name":"expert performance","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/training-volume","display_name":"training volume","score":0.4050000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/golf-tournaments","display_name":"golf tournaments","score":0.47099998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/golf-handicap","display_name":"golf handicap","score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elite-athlete-development","display_name":"elite athlete development","score":0.5410000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/athlete-experience","display_name":"athlete experience","score":0.39399999380111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sport-psychology-supervision","display_name":"sport psychology supervision","score":0.4129999876022339}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777352838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419420","display_name":"Excellence","level":2,"score":0.7565566301345825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192797","display_name":"Elite","level":3,"score":0.7357426881790161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5280607342720032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.4665752351284027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.43019551038742065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100660578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18733","display_name":"Recall","level":2,"score":0.4187319874763489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.20980817079544067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.17495805025100708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.15133848786354065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:clok.uclan.ac.uk:6652","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6652/6/Hayman%20Rick%20e-Thesis%20Submission%20Form.doc","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402361","display_name":"CLOK (University of Central Lancashire)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I185852735","host_organization_name":"University of Lancashire","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185852735"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:133173631","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6652/1/Hayman%20Rick%20Final%20e-Thesis%20%28Master%20Copy%29.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5385000109672546,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":409,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1314504","https://openalex.org/W1879226","https://openalex.org/W2047129","https://openalex.org/W12770691","https://openalex.org/W20910545","https://openalex.org/W24340045","https://openalex.org/W25837992","https://openalex.org/W33854734","https://openalex.org/W47832404","https://openalex.org/W68161865","https://openalex.org/W69791769","https://openalex.org/W71678002","https://openalex.org/W76598874","https://openalex.org/W87227462","https://openalex.org/W97575428","https://openalex.org/W98808353","https://openalex.org/W101261956","https://openalex.org/W106393716","https://openalex.org/W115394847","https://openalex.org/W116628563","https://openalex.org/W132119606","https://openalex.org/W134311315","https://openalex.org/W144224562","https://openalex.org/W150085035","https://openalex.org/W159738173","https://openalex.org/W162738597","https://openalex.org/W165883434","https://openalex.org/W169966345","https://openalex.org/W172943725","https://openalex.org/W181016509","https://openalex.org/W224403920","https://openalex.org/W256872183","https://openalex.org/W273853697","https://openalex.org/W318545357","https://openalex.org/W373483441","https://openalex.org/W564246850","https://openalex.org/W566322147","https://openalex.org/W601082728","https://openalex.org/W616096348","https://openalex.org/W623546575","https://openalex.org/W634327178","https://openalex.org/W643825168","https://openalex.org/W1018871293","https://openalex.org/W1124383538","https://openalex.org/W1487237670","https://openalex.org/W1488098001","https://openalex.org/W1488386842","https://openalex.org/W1499842435","https://openalex.org/W1501605968","https://openalex.org/W1503128817","https://openalex.org/W1503424912","https://openalex.org/W1508002797","https://openalex.org/W1518775070","https://openalex.org/W1522024619","https://openalex.org/W1522060007","https://openalex.org/W1523696459","https://openalex.org/W1529460927","https://openalex.org/W1534314848","https://openalex.org/W1536763849","https://openalex.org/W1542047656","https://openalex.org/W1542722502","https://openalex.org/W1544550784","https://openalex.org/W1545725744","https://openalex.org/W1547177381","https://openalex.org/W1547750437","https://openalex.org/W1550476423","https://openalex.org/W1550621568","https://openalex.org/W1555475042","https://openalex.org/W1557459633","https://openalex.org/W1562208008","https://openalex.org/W1562407842","https://openalex.org/W1563349178","https://openalex.org/W1567127047","https://openalex.org/W1572905031","https://openalex.org/W1573027407","https://openalex.org/W1578992551","https://openalex.org/W1581625568","https://openalex.org/W1588482106","https://openalex.org/W1602376808","https://openalex.org/W1607118314","https://openalex.org/W1629179136","https://openalex.org/W1699050795","https://openalex.org/W1708874574","https://openalex.org/W1710351381","https://openalex.org/W1715902339","https://openalex.org/W1731258713","https://openalex.org/W1741990774","https://openalex.org/W1745588861","https://openalex.org/W1765586361","https://openalex.org/W1771080006","https://openalex.org/W1771153757","https://openalex.org/W1788646457","https://openalex.org/W1799160686","https://openalex.org/W1814179671","https://openalex.org/W1847780722","https://openalex.org/W1866640634","https://openalex.org/W1883836681","https://openalex.org/W1892182310","https://openalex.org/W1914972138","https://openalex.org/W1938990613","https://openalex.org/W1942217669","https://openalex.org/W1945711486","https://openalex.org/W1963648547","https://openalex.org/W1963965774","https://openalex.org/W1964609237","https://openalex.org/W1964726073","https://openalex.org/W1964868582","https://openalex.org/W1966546040","https://openalex.org/W1966811982","https://openalex.org/W1966943864","https://openalex.org/W1967260404","https://openalex.org/W1967899510","https://openalex.org/W1968877636","https://openalex.org/W1969732797","https://openalex.org/W1969781383","https://openalex.org/W1969893742","https://openalex.org/W1970952290","https://openalex.org/W1972276604","https://openalex.org/W1972741961","https://openalex.org/W1973121820","https://openalex.org/W1973607982","https://openalex.org/W1975446563","https://openalex.org/W1976933908","https://openalex.org/W1977609665","https://openalex.org/W1977654191","https://openalex.org/W1978538699","https://openalex.org/W1979791767","https://openalex.org/W1983375457","https://openalex.org/W1984975621","https://openalex.org/W1986400942","https://openalex.org/W1986471938","https://openalex.org/W1986556963","https://openalex.org/W1990124047","https://openalex.org/W1990824211","https://openalex.org/W1991015021","https://openalex.org/W1993661076","https://openalex.org/W1993989560","https://openalex.org/W1994092552","https://openalex.org/W1994647347","https://openalex.org/W1996146207","https://openalex.org/W1997624694","https://openalex.org/W1997796266","https://openalex.org/W1998019919","https://openalex.org/W1998669665","https://openalex.org/W1999427504","https://openalex.org/W1999700197","https://openalex.org/W2001467963","https://openalex.org/W2004739732","https://openalex.org/W2005981515","https://openalex.org/W2007376865","https://openalex.org/W2007980966","https://openalex.org/W2008271035","https://openalex.org/W2010381355","https://openalex.org/W2010894641","https://openalex.org/W2011963909","https://openalex.org/W2012022202","https://openalex.org/W2013068849","https://openalex.org/W2014143549","https://openalex.org/W2014464577","https://openalex.org/W2015462405","https://openalex.org/W2016092745","https://openalex.org/W2016191376","https://openalex.org/W2016445717","https://openalex.org/W2018631692","https://openalex.org/W2019107234","https://openalex.org/W2019122850","https://openalex.org/W2019902006","https://openalex.org/W2020575092","https://openalex.org/W2020787089","https://openalex.org/W2022128758","https://openalex.org/W2022798798","https://openalex.org/W2023333473","https://openalex.org/W2026671541","https://openalex.org/W2029056317","https://openalex.org/W2029628158","https://openalex.org/W2029739346","https://openalex.org/W2030613674","https://openalex.org/W2030715173","https://openalex.org/W2031597554","https://openalex.org/W2036267721","https://openalex.org/W2036299899","https://openalex.org/W2037068964","https://openalex.org/W2039339706","https://openalex.org/W2042649116","https://openalex.org/W2044754442","https://openalex.org/W2044984414","https://openalex.org/W2045260110","https://openalex.org/W2045341700","https://openalex.org/W2046130781","https://openalex.org/W2046593992","https://openalex.org/W2047863934","https://openalex.org/W2049453016","https://openalex.org/W2053114303","https://openalex.org/W2054257350","https://openalex.org/W2055203577","https://openalex.org/W2055711501","https://openalex.org/W2057110853","https://openalex.org/W2057429267","https://openalex.org/W2058061753","https://openalex.org/W2060244446","https://openalex.org/W2060770236","https://openalex.org/W2061137946","https://openalex.org/W2061706186","https://openalex.org/W2061994810","https://openalex.org/W2063026846","https://openalex.org/W2064448653","https://openalex.org/W2064608255","https://openalex.org/W2068019880","https://openalex.org/W2068247933","https://openalex.org/W2069884318","https://openalex.org/W2071146401","https://openalex.org/W2074579403","https://openalex.org/W2075641222","https://openalex.org/W2076787577","https://openalex.org/W2077113709","https://openalex.org/W2077343098","https://openalex.org/W2077515614","https://openalex.org/W2078257668","https://openalex.org/W2078844273","https://openalex.org/W2078874878","https://openalex.org/W2079220017","https://openalex.org/W2079389359","https://openalex.org/W2080928196","https://openalex.org/W2081473949","https://openalex.org/W2084945667","https://openalex.org/W2085369627","https://openalex.org/W2086390580","https://openalex.org/W2087036905","https://openalex.org/W2087832243","https://openalex.org/W2088331743","https://openalex.org/W2089277529","https://openalex.org/W2089752665","https://openalex.org/W2091988264","https://openalex.org/W2093089297","https://openalex.org/W2095668814","https://openalex.org/W2095793125","https://openalex.org/W2096053659","https://openalex.org/W2096895623","https://openalex.org/W2097779074","https://openalex.org/W2098078156","https://openalex.org/W2098205653","https://openalex.org/W2098225468","https://openalex.org/W2098640982","https://openalex.org/W2098965004","https://openalex.org/W2099150194","https://openalex.org/W2099297755","https://openalex.org/W2099829076","https://openalex.org/W2101011337","https://openalex.org/W2102666137","https://openalex.org/W2104132222","https://openalex.org/W2105727750","https://openalex.org/W2106155142","https://openalex.org/W2106182739","https://openalex.org/W2106239260","https://openalex.org/W2106251858","https://openalex.org/W2106770926","https://openalex.org/W2109128446","https://openalex.org/W2109537499","https://openalex.org/W2109927000","https://openalex.org/W2110832452","https://openalex.org/W2111663277","https://openalex.org/W2111964706","https://openalex.org/W2112663326","https://openalex.org/W2112809312","https://openalex.org/W2113447486","https://openalex.org/W2113527907","https://openalex.org/W2113666542","https://openalex.org/W2114249383","https://openalex.org/W2114840521","https://openalex.org/W2115173015","https://openalex.org/W2116671662","https://openalex.org/W2117766479","https://openalex.org/W2117991493","https://openalex.org/W2118037552","https://openalex.org/W2118373391","https://openalex.org/W2118409616","https://openalex.org/W2118546283","https://openalex.org/W2120004576","https://openalex.org/W2120920556","https://openalex.org/W2121856927","https://openalex.org/W2122129922","https://openalex.org/W2122517769","https://openalex.org/W2122838852","https://openalex.org/W2122898463","https://openalex.org/W2124074613","https://openalex.org/W2125068113","https://openalex.org/W2126258243","https://openalex.org/W2127336912","https://openalex.org/W2128829579","https://openalex.org/W2129037096","https://openalex.org/W2129142837","https://openalex.org/W2131862851","https://openalex.org/W2131994636","https://openalex.org/W2132873362","https://openalex.org/W2132962508","https://openalex.org/W2133129356","https://openalex.org/W2134258010","https://openalex.org/W2134432271","https://openalex.org/W2134468626","https://openalex.org/W2136133222","https://openalex.org/W2136863495","https://openalex.org/W2137060302","https://openalex.org/W2137086686","https://openalex.org/W2137247190","https://openalex.org/W2137277892","https://openalex.org/W2137591711","https://openalex.org/W2137624213","https://openalex.org/W2138255482","https://openalex.org/W2138715415","https://openalex.org/W2140192840","https://openalex.org/W2141335669","https://openalex.org/W2141762987","https://openalex.org/W2142956670","https://openalex.org/W2143835493","https://openalex.org/W2146978855","https://openalex.org/W2148561636","https://openalex.org/W2148701823","https://openalex.org/W2148923270","https://openalex.org/W2150281652","https://openalex.org/W2150478558","https://openalex.org/W2150627164","https://openalex.org/W2153562440","https://openalex.org/W2154010791","https://openalex.org/W2154237620","https://openalex.org/W2154609665","https://openalex.org/W2155533776","https://openalex.org/W2155736785","https://openalex.org/W2156046656","https://openalex.org/W2157023976","https://openalex.org/W2157054113","https://openalex.org/W2158504547","https://openalex.org/W2158840423","https://openalex.org/W2160901977","https://openalex.org/W2160969771","https://openalex.org/W2162773230","https://openalex.org/W2165150212","https://openalex.org/W2165335450","https://openalex.org/W2165355628","https://openalex.org/W2165721319","https://openalex.org/W2166178783","https://openalex.org/W2167060613","https://openalex.org/W2168038009","https://openalex.org/W2168317557","https://openalex.org/W2168352856","https://openalex.org/W2170065371","https://openalex.org/W2171301064","https://openalex.org/W2171760976","https://openalex.org/W2171798182","https://openalex.org/W2172213003","https://openalex.org/W2176913665","https://openalex.org/W2184268318","https://openalex.org/W2186238142","https://openalex.org/W2193658247","https://openalex.org/W2216071170","https://openalex.org/W2218978891","https://openalex.org/W2219987606","https://openalex.org/W2243071004","https://openalex.org/W2253698945","https://openalex.org/W2267263305","https://openalex.org/W2275493648","https://openalex.org/W2287912092","https://openalex.org/W2288846191","https://openalex.org/W2357413481","https://openalex.org/W2397385296","https://openalex.org/W2461882158","https://openalex.org/W2478048506","https://openalex.org/W2489527471","https://openalex.org/W2492878323","https://openalex.org/W2499440901","https://openalex.org/W2499557678","https://openalex.org/W2499573925","https://openalex.org/W2502371881","https://openalex.org/W2502823620","https://openalex.org/W2503683142","https://openalex.org/W2504826118","https://openalex.org/W2507029996","https://openalex.org/W2524267775","https://openalex.org/W2551486737","https://openalex.org/W2590143944","https://openalex.org/W2736950701","https://openalex.org/W2737339876","https://openalex.org/W2740416788","https://openalex.org/W2786157445","https://openalex.org/W2803150412","https://openalex.org/W2886456179","https://openalex.org/W2890800144","https://openalex.org/W2896088360","https://openalex.org/W2900410045","https://openalex.org/W2910782387","https://openalex.org/W2939570682","https://openalex.org/W2947538338","https://openalex.org/W2967086390","https://openalex.org/W2980940736","https://openalex.org/W2985894401","https://openalex.org/W2995383878","https://openalex.org/W2998605722","https://openalex.org/W3005485702","https://openalex.org/W3013278211","https://openalex.org/W3028508613","https://openalex.org/W3092678630","https://openalex.org/W3115698976","https://openalex.org/W3150039351","https://openalex.org/W3213176848","https://openalex.org/W3213661083","https://openalex.org/W3214923421","https://openalex.org/W4231355962","https://openalex.org/W4241731467","https://openalex.org/W4242883546","https://openalex.org/W4290658389"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W184964306","https://openalex.org/W2113527907","https://openalex.org/W4385878022","https://openalex.org/W122265130","https://openalex.org/W2751040042","https://openalex.org/W2134176620","https://openalex.org/W2900487092","https://openalex.org/W2581978043","https://openalex.org/W2036267721","https://openalex.org/W2137247190"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,703,733],"acquisition":[1,67],"of":[2,13,29,40,46,63,69,76,78,80,101,115,123,138,151,176,194,212,236,267,328,377,395,433,473,508,520,536,547,614,633,641,681,696,736,760],"expert":[3],"performance":[4,15,47,218,530,572,694],"has":[5],"been":[6],"studied":[7],"for":[8,34,207,412,665,691,767],"decades":[9],"across":[10,57],"a":[11,23,162,249,272,358,368,466,471,479,490,521,554,612,656],"range":[12,472,613],"human":[14],"domains.":[16],"Ericsson,":[17],"Krampe,":[18],"and":[19,37,82,91,149,166,169,196,199,232,265,282,300,305,325,355,414,465,489,531,564,616,627,660,698,727,746,762],"Tesch-R\u00f6mer":[20],"(1993)":[21],"proposed":[22],"theoretical":[24],"framework":[25],"termed":[26],"the":[27,35,61,74,99,111,121,146,209,217,322,352,393,431,440,485,498,518,586,596,639,642,661,692],"theory":[28,52,126,380,716],"deliberate":[30,124,237,348,378,402,524,609,625,652,676,714],"practice":[31,85,125,188,233,238,326,349,403,525,534,626,653,677,763],"to":[32,98,108,110,144,203,262,343,361,429,444,470,482,493,515,623,631,685,705],"account":[33],"characteristics":[36],"developmental":[38],"experiences":[39,432],"individuals":[41,340],"who":[42,435,542],"acquire":[43],"exceptional":[44],"levels":[45],"in":[48,127,385,484,585,675,729],"any":[49,58],"discipline.":[50],"This":[51,201,475],"proposes":[53],"that":[54,94,373,501,764],"acquiring":[55,128],"expertise":[56],"domain":[59],"is":[60,654],"result":[62],"undertaking":[64,608],"an":[65,259,687],"extensive":[66],"period":[68,165],"approximately":[70],"ten":[71],"years":[72,354,488,507,664,680],"involving":[73],"accumulation":[75],"thousands":[77],"hours":[79],"physically":[81],"mentally":[83],"demanding":[84],"regimes":[86,350],"whilst":[87,226],"overcoming":[88],"effort,":[89],"motivational":[90],"resource":[92],"constraints":[93],"serve":[95],"as":[96,182,258],"barriers":[97],"attainment":[100],"elite":[102,129,158,222,330,445,459,539,699,706],"performance.":[103],"Therefore,":[104],"this":[105,634,647,737],"thesis":[106,648,738],"aimed":[107,514],"contribute":[109],"under":[112],"researched":[113],"area":[114],"golf":[116,152,178,184,210,230,268,346,389,400,419,483,522,549,671,751],"development":[117,204,390,695,753],"systems":[118,754],"by":[119,155,478],"examining":[120],"applicability":[122],"male":[130,332],"adolescent":[131,159,223,331,446,460,540,670,701,707,769],"golfer":[132,447],"status.":[133,448],"\\n":[134,316,421,510,636],"\\nThe":[135,317,422,511],"first":[136],"study,":[137],"four,":[139],"utilised":[140],"self-report":[141],"diary":[142],"logs":[143],"reveal":[145,216],"durations,":[147],"types":[148],"intensities":[150],"activities":[153,179,269,632],"undertaken":[154,190,270],"nine":[156,163,273],"aspiring":[157,221,538],"golfers":[160,224,434,461,541],"over":[161,271],"month":[164,274,566],"compared":[167],"actual":[168,281],"retrospective":[170],"accounts.":[171],"In":[172],"total,":[173],"62":[174],"percent":[175],"all":[177,437],"were":[180,278,308],"classified":[181],"either":[183],"competitions":[185,231],"or":[186],"competitive":[187],"rounds":[189,234],"with":[191,228,399,717,755],"high":[192],"amounts":[193],"physical":[195,290],"mental":[197,295],"effort":[198,291,296],"fun.":[200],"approach":[202,492],"was":[205,255,336,476,573,683],"beneficial":[206],"lowering":[208],"handicaps":[211],"several":[213,362],"participants.":[214],"Results":[215],"improvements":[219,243],"which":[220,364,456,496],"experienced":[225,462,611],"engaging":[227],"regular":[229],"instead":[235,356],"specific":[239,347,401,523],"activities.":[240],"However,":[241,673],"such":[242],"did":[244],"plateau":[245],"once":[246,407],"performers":[247],"reached":[248],"handicap":[250],"approaching":[251],"two.":[252],"Retrospective":[253],"recall":[254],"also":[256],"revealed":[257,279,457],"accurate":[260],"method":[261],"determine":[263],"volumes":[264,286],"conditions":[266,759],"period.":[275],"Non-significant":[276],"differences":[277],"between":[280],"recalled":[283],"data":[284],"(training":[285],"p":[287,292,297,302,579],"=":[288,293,298,303,312,577,580,583,590,593,600,603],"0.94,":[289],"0.83,":[294],"0.44,":[299],"fun":[301],"0.13)":[304],"effect":[306],"sizes":[307],"small":[309],"ranging":[310],"(d":[311],"0.03":[313],"\u2013":[314],"0.31)":[315],"second":[318],"study":[319,424,513],"retrospectively":[320],"examined":[321],"sports":[323],"participation":[324,761],"trends":[327],"current":[329,620],"English":[333,415],"golfers.":[334,702],"It":[335],"found":[337,684],"how":[338,458],"these":[339],"tended":[341],"not":[342,655],"participate":[344],"within":[345,367,646,668,750],"until":[351],"mid-teenage":[353],"encountered":[357],"diversified":[359,467],"introduction":[360,469,519],"sports,":[363],"included":[365],"golf,":[366],"playful,":[369],"fun,":[370],"non-competitive":[371],"environment":[372],"resembled":[374,711],"key":[375],"tenets":[376],"play":[379,504,715],"(C\u00f4t\u00e9,":[381],"1999).":[382],"A":[383],"change":[384],"emphasis":[386],"towards":[387],"on-going":[388],"occurred":[391],"around":[392],"age":[394,682],"16":[396,506,679],"when":[397],"exposure":[398],"became":[404],"more":[405,709],"evident":[406],"participants":[408,454,606],"had":[409,436,543],"gained":[410],"selection":[411,667],"county":[413],"Golf":[416],"Union":[417],"representative":[418],"teams.":[420],"third":[423],"used":[425],"interpretative":[426],"phenomenological":[427],"analysis":[428],"explore":[430],"successfully":[438],"travelled":[439],"path":[441],"from":[442,453],"novice":[443],"Four":[449],"super-ordinate":[450],"themes":[451],"emerged":[452],"accounts":[455],"supportive":[463],"parents":[464],"enjoyable":[468],"sports.":[474],"followed":[477],"self-determined":[480],"commitment":[481],"mid":[486],"teenage":[487,663,725,731],"strategic":[491],"developing":[494],"excellence":[495],"recognised":[497],"important":[499,688],"role":[500],"psychology":[502],"may":[503,739],"post":[505,678],"age.":[509],"forth":[512],"discover":[516],"if":[517],"intervention":[526,587],"would":[527],"improve":[528],"putting":[529,571],"influence":[532],"future":[533],"behaviours":[535],"five":[537,565],"no":[544],"prior":[545],"experience":[546],"specialised":[548],"training":[550,621,689],"protocols.":[551],"Participants":[552],"completed":[553],"13":[555],"week":[556],"AB":[557],"single-subject":[558],"multiple-baseline":[559],"design,":[560],"social":[561],"validation":[562],"measures":[563],"follow":[567],"up":[568],"interviews.":[569],"Mean":[570],"significantly":[574],"higher":[575],"(t4":[576],"6.94,":[578],".002,":[581],"d":[582],"3.12)":[584],"phase":[588,598],"(M":[589,599],"6.20,":[591],"SD":[592,602],"0.51)":[594],"than":[595],"baseline":[597],"4.64,":[601],"0.57).":[604],"All":[605],"enjoyed":[607],"practice,":[610],"psychological":[615],"technical":[617],"improvements,":[618],"adapted":[619],"schedules":[622],"mirror":[624],"committed":[628],"long":[629,650],"term":[630,651],"nature.":[635],"\\nIn":[637],"conclusion,":[638],"findings":[640,735],"four":[643],"empirical":[644],"studies":[645],"suggest":[649],"pre-requisite":[657],"throughout":[658],"childhood":[659],"early":[662,720,724],"securing":[666],"international":[669],"squads.":[672],"engagement":[674],"be":[686],"strategy":[690],"continued":[693],"emerging":[697],"level":[700],"pathway":[704],"status":[708],"closely":[710],"C\u00f4t\u00e9\u2019s":[712],"(1999)":[713],"sampling":[718],"during":[719,723],"childhood,":[721],"specialising":[722],"years,":[726],"investment":[728],"later":[730],"years.":[732],"collective":[734],"provide":[740],"players,":[741],"coaches,":[742],"applied":[743],"sport":[744],"psychologists":[745],"policy":[747],"makers":[748],"involved":[749],"talent":[752],"clearer":[756],"insights":[757],"into":[758],"appear":[765],"optimal":[766],"achieving":[768],"golfing":[770],"excellence.":[771]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
