{"id":"https://openalex.org/W130746497","doi":null,"title":"Health care in the early 1960s.","display_name":"Health care in the early 1960s.","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W130746497","mag":"130746497","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10167851","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4193636"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4193636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4193636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Care Financ Rev","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4193636","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104056130","display_name":"Rosemary Stevens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R A Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104056130"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1019,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89698447,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"2","first_page":"11","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.2619999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14475","display_name":"History of Science and Medicine","score":0.2619999945163727,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.23399999737739563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14186","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Practices","score":0.1770000010728836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-history","display_name":"history of health care","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-1960s","display_name":"early 1960s","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states-health-care-system","display_name":"United States health care system","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare-legislation","display_name":"Medicare legislation","score":0.5509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-health-service","display_name":"National Health Service","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immigrant-perspectives","display_name":"immigrant perspectives","score":0.4830000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-employment","display_name":"hospital employment","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitalization","display_name":"hospitalization","score":0.7580000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.6699521541595459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777351106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49371","display_name":"Legislation","level":2,"score":0.6440598368644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70036468","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131288","display_name":"Immigration","level":2,"score":0.4652840197086334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.45876094698905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3605649173259735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3206559419631958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.2641569972038269}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003695","descriptor_name":"Delivery of Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006264","descriptor_name":"Health Benefit Plans, Employee","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006264","descriptor_name":"Health Benefit Plans, Employee","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008484","descriptor_name":"Medicaid","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008484","descriptor_name":"Medicaid","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012922","descriptor_name":"Social Change","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015397","descriptor_name":"Program Evaluation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019458","descriptor_name":"Insurance Coverage","qualifier_ui":"Q000266","qualifier_name":"history","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019458","descriptor_name":"Insurance Coverage","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D049673","descriptor_name":"History, 20th Century","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4193636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4193636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Care Financ Rev","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:10167851","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10167851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health care financing review","raw_type":"Historical Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.807.5941","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.807.5941","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/cf/c6/hcfr-18-2-11.PMC4193636.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:130746497","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10167851","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4193636","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4193636","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Care Financ Rev","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W199408520","https://openalex.org/W432900724","https://openalex.org/W633903791","https://openalex.org/W1566936261","https://openalex.org/W1906760759","https://openalex.org/W1969591427","https://openalex.org/W1987288792","https://openalex.org/W1988310226","https://openalex.org/W2005385615","https://openalex.org/W2007750066","https://openalex.org/W2009886600","https://openalex.org/W2012056884","https://openalex.org/W2040610080","https://openalex.org/W2064031044","https://openalex.org/W2067275123","https://openalex.org/W2089291313","https://openalex.org/W2144518077","https://openalex.org/W2331524934","https://openalex.org/W2444147507","https://openalex.org/W2798387761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2511451331","https://openalex.org/W2409969863","https://openalex.org/W2787136740","https://openalex.org/W85922834","https://openalex.org/W2094989021","https://openalex.org/W6982150275","https://openalex.org/W870409434","https://openalex.org/W3132572622","https://openalex.org/W2408205190","https://openalex.org/W2029441754"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"My":[0],"topic,":[1],"health":[2,77,88,98,138,181],"care":[3,78,89,99,139],"in":[4,40,48,61,64,109,189,193,230],"the":[5,21,37,49,58,68,85,94,102,126,129,132,135,146,155,158,190,194,199,204,217,221,231,239,242,245],"early":[6,136],"1960s,":[7,137,232],"has":[8],"a":[9,18,75,106,142,225],"double":[10],"set":[11],"of":[12,70,74,84,93,165,203,219,241,247],"meanings":[13],"for":[14,27,114],"me.":[15],"I":[16,31],"am":[17],"historian,":[19],"and":[20,91,101,128,161,176,187,201,235],"1960s":[22,191],"are":[23],"now":[24,117],"\u201chistory,\u201d":[25],"ripe":[26],"new":[28,71],"interpretations.":[29],"Yet":[30],"was":[32,140,169,224],"also":[33],"an":[34,46,173],"immigrant":[35],"to":[36,81,197],"United":[38,95,103,205,222],"States":[39,104,206,223],"1961,":[41],"fresh":[42],"from":[43],"working":[44],"as":[45,105,112,118,172,192],"administrator":[47],"British":[50],"National":[51],"Health":[52],"Service.":[53],"The":[54,97,120],"period":[55],"immediately":[56],"before":[57],"Medicare":[59],"legislation":[60],"1965":[62],"shines":[63],"my":[65],"memory":[66],"with":[67,183,233],"vividness":[69],"impressions:":[72],"those":[73],"young":[76],"student":[79],"trying":[80],"make":[82],"sense":[83],"U.":[86],"S.":[87],"sys-tem,":[90],"indeed,":[92],"States.":[96],"system":[100],"society":[107],"stand,":[108],"many":[110],"ways,":[111],"proxy":[113],"each":[115],"other,":[116],"then:":[119],"whole":[121],"tells":[122],"you":[123],"much":[124],"about":[125,131],"part,":[127],"part":[130],"whole.":[133],"In":[134],"already":[141],"massive":[143],"enterprise.":[144],"By":[145],"late":[147],"1950s,":[148],"hospitals":[149,234,249],"em-ployed":[150],"far":[151],"more":[152],"people":[153],"than":[154],"steel":[156],"in-dustry,":[157],"automobile":[159],"industry,":[160],"inter-state":[162],"railroads.":[163],"One":[164],"every":[166],"eight":[167],"Americans":[168],"admitted":[170],"annually":[171],"in-patient":[174],"(Somers":[175],"Somers,":[177],"1961).":[178],"To":[179],"study":[180],"care,":[182],"all":[184],"its":[185],"contradictions":[186],"complexities,":[188],"present,":[195],"is":[196],"explore":[198],"character":[200],"am-biguities":[202],"itself,":[207],"that":[208,237,250],"vast,":[209],"brash,":[210],"divided":[211],"yet":[212],"curiously":[213],"hopeful":[214],"Nation.":[215],"On":[216],"face":[218],"it,":[220],"country":[226],"blessed":[227],"by":[228],"plenty":[229],"professionals":[236],"were":[238],"envy":[240],"world.":[243],"Among":[244],"marvels":[246],"modern":[248],"provoked":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
