{"id":"https://openalex.org/W127634720","doi":null,"title":"Lactotransferrin immunocytochemistry in Alzheimer and normal human brain.","display_name":"Lactotransferrin immunocytochemistry in Alzheimer and normal human brain.","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W127634720","mag":"127634720","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8494052","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1886898"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1886898","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1886898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1886898","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089904930","display_name":"Toshio Kawamata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Kawamata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073448365","display_name":"Ikuo Tooyama","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-9666","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8054-9666"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I Tooyama","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000569963","display_name":"T\u014dru Yamada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1654-5166","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1654-5166"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T Yamada","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080975211","display_name":"D G Walker","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D G Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111526264","display_name":"P. L. McGeer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P L McGeer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6311,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":171,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83788765,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"142","issue":"5","first_page":"1574","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10086","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease research and treatments","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11266","display_name":"Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lactoferrin","display_name":"lactoferrin","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain","display_name":"brain","score":0.4880000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurons","display_name":"neurons","score":0.8069999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glia","display_name":"glia","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amyloid-deposits","display_name":"amyloid deposits","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurofibrillary-tangles","display_name":"neurofibrillary tangles","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuropil-threads","display_name":"neuropil threads","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iron-scavenging","display_name":"iron scavenging","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/complement-inhibition","display_name":"complement inhibition","score":0.9739999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35866371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6005502","display_name":"Immunocytochemistry","level":2,"score":0.8496322631835938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777831001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1981429","display_name":"Neuropil","level":3,"score":0.8489701747894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28406088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5571762","display_name":"Extracellular","level":2,"score":0.6873263120651245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.6611073613166809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5554182529449463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68026918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1970256","display_name":"Senile plaques","level":4,"score":0.5087559819221497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502032728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11081","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","level":3,"score":0.4758208096027374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529278444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47273","display_name":"Central nervous system","level":2,"score":0.4423108994960785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779721402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q767442","display_name":"Neurofibrillary tangle","level":5,"score":0.42996829748153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777670902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492038","display_name":"Human brain","level":2,"score":0.4127293825149536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3872014582157135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.24483665823936462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24202868342399597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.1690521538257599}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000369","descriptor_name":"Aged, 80 and over","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000544","descriptor_name":"Alzheimer Disease","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D001921","descriptor_name":"Brain","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002648","descriptor_name":"Child","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007150","descriptor_name":"Immunohistochemistry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007231","descriptor_name":"Infant, Newborn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007781","descriptor_name":"Lactoferrin","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012016","descriptor_name":"Reference Values","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015151","descriptor_name":"Immunoblotting","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1886898","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1886898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:8494052","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8494052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American journal of pathology","raw_type":"Comparative Study"},{"id":"mag:127634720","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8494052","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1886898","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1886898","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Am J Pathol","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29178238","https://openalex.org/W102988726","https://openalex.org/W111132320","https://openalex.org/W204858519","https://openalex.org/W1228775382","https://openalex.org/W1486280203","https://openalex.org/W1529318257","https://openalex.org/W1578779243","https://openalex.org/W1599471057","https://openalex.org/W1833891088","https://openalex.org/W1870396813","https://openalex.org/W1903107546","https://openalex.org/W1910339266","https://openalex.org/W1966222819","https://openalex.org/W1968516468","https://openalex.org/W1971266929","https://openalex.org/W1975536870","https://openalex.org/W1976845082","https://openalex.org/W1978652183","https://openalex.org/W1983941708","https://openalex.org/W1985791105","https://openalex.org/W2009727907","https://openalex.org/W2024696690","https://openalex.org/W2034474046","https://openalex.org/W2042118644","https://openalex.org/W2055692642","https://openalex.org/W2060283565","https://openalex.org/W2063918436","https://openalex.org/W2065415628","https://openalex.org/W2069386274","https://openalex.org/W2071695496","https://openalex.org/W2072443970","https://openalex.org/W2077663553","https://openalex.org/W2085338361","https://openalex.org/W2088184463","https://openalex.org/W2090258462","https://openalex.org/W2108684366","https://openalex.org/W2113858637","https://openalex.org/W2115851261","https://openalex.org/W2145408997","https://openalex.org/W2149621768","https://openalex.org/W2159066118","https://openalex.org/W2398589476","https://openalex.org/W2411165797"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081130611","https://openalex.org/W2035995516","https://openalex.org/W2027935786","https://openalex.org/W11685423","https://openalex.org/W2066326927","https://openalex.org/W4238559385","https://openalex.org/W2067519613","https://openalex.org/W3159662564","https://openalex.org/W3193398391","https://openalex.org/W2906772392"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lactotransferrin":[0],"(LF)":[1],"expression":[2,48],"was":[3,49,62,84],"investigated":[4],"immunocytochemically":[5],"in":[6,27,44,52,57,86,113],"postmortem":[7],"brain":[8,115],"tissues":[9],"of":[10,41,89],"normal":[11],"controls":[12],"and":[13,55,73,77,95,103],"patients":[14],"with":[15,66],"Alzheimer's":[16],"disease":[17],"(AD).":[18],"The":[19],"antibody":[20],"to":[21],"LF":[22,47,98],"stained":[23,33],"some":[24],"neurons":[25,35,54],"weakly":[26],"young":[28],"adult":[29],"brains,":[30],"but":[31],"it":[32,83],"many":[34],"as":[36,38,71],"well":[37],"the":[39],"glia":[40,56],"all":[42],"types":[43],"elderly":[45],"brains.":[46],"greatly":[50],"up-regulated":[51],"both":[53],"affected":[58],"AD":[59],"tissue.":[60,116],"It":[61],"very":[63],"strongly":[64],"associated":[65],"such":[67],"extracellular":[68,78],"pathological":[69],"entities":[70],"diffuse":[72],"consolidated":[74],"amyloid":[75],"deposits":[76],"neurofibrillary":[79,91],"tangles.":[80],"In":[81],"addition,":[82],"identified":[85],"a":[87,104,110],"minority":[88],"intracellular":[90],"tangles,":[92],"neuropil":[93],"threads,":[94],"degenerative":[96],"neurites.":[97],"is":[99],"an":[100],"iron":[101],"scavenger":[102],"complement":[105],"inhibitor.":[106],"Up-regulation":[107],"may":[108],"be":[109],"defense":[111],"mechanism":[112],"AD-affected":[114]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
