{"id":"https://openalex.org/W126820667","doi":null,"title":"Mental Disorders And Inequality In The United States: Intersection Of Race, Gender, And Disability On Employment And Income","display_name":"Mental Disorders And Inequality In The United States: Intersection Of Race, Gender, And Disability On Employment And Income","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W126820667","mag":"126820667"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.984.3397","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.984.3397","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article%3D1831%26context%3Doa_dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041220036","display_name":"Jessica K. Camp","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-6645","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-6645"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jessica K. Camp","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8161-6645","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041220036"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.28220000863075256,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.28220000863075256,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13989","display_name":"Labour Market and Migration","score":0.1704999953508377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.14749999344348907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-disorders","display_name":"mental illness","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-inequality","display_name":"economic inequality","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersectionality","display_name":"intersectionality","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"race","score":0.9559999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender","display_name":"gender","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disability","display_name":"disability","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment","display_name":"employment","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/income","display_name":"income","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earnings","display_name":"earnings","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.9039999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/welfare-receipt","display_name":"welfare receipt","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work-limitations","display_name":"work limitations","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-age-adults","display_name":"working-age adults","score":0.5540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.5270000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7565329074859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6360275149345398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.6119353771209717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4726361632347107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.46360504627227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165148211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5431887","display_name":"Social inequality","level":3,"score":0.4319302439689636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513380476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5055020","display_name":"Economic inequality","level":3,"score":0.41122332215309143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3910282254219055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.34754425287246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3427017033100128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.31106194853782654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.13745635747909546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09507527947425842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.984.3397","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.984.3397","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article%3D1831%26context%3Doa_dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.wayne.edu:oa_dissertations-1831","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/oa_dissertations/832","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S171990522","display_name":"Human Biology","issn_l":"0018-7143","issn":["0018-7143","1534-6617"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316469","host_organization_name":"Wayne State University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316469"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wayne State University Press"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Wayne State University Dissertations","raw_type":"dissertation"},{"id":"mag:126820667","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1831&context=oa_dissertations","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"No poverty","score":0.8928999900817871,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.7257999777793884,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Gender equality","score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":103,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5089123","https://openalex.org/W8542727","https://openalex.org/W38699233","https://openalex.org/W250429293","https://openalex.org/W281462649","https://openalex.org/W382568313","https://openalex.org/W404914089","https://openalex.org/W414572540","https://openalex.org/W577949575","https://openalex.org/W593154752","https://openalex.org/W594399743","https://openalex.org/W601256952","https://openalex.org/W630234066","https://openalex.org/W757504405","https://openalex.org/W1448661655","https://openalex.org/W1493671385","https://openalex.org/W1496028880","https://openalex.org/W1518166660","https://openalex.org/W1528168582","https://openalex.org/W1534252215","https://openalex.org/W1534938863","https://openalex.org/W1554356849","https://openalex.org/W1561064502","https://openalex.org/W1579397692","https://openalex.org/W1681672534","https://openalex.org/W1964352664","https://openalex.org/W1964676977","https://openalex.org/W1965210218","https://openalex.org/W1966814233","https://openalex.org/W1971291985","https://openalex.org/W1980654761","https://openalex.org/W1983161744","https://openalex.org/W1985454503","https://openalex.org/W1986792585","https://openalex.org/W1994899737","https://openalex.org/W2005403861","https://openalex.org/W2007817087","https://openalex.org/W2009905507","https://openalex.org/W2016910851","https://openalex.org/W2025242288","https://openalex.org/W2027229529","https://openalex.org/W2030382627","https://openalex.org/W2040164629","https://openalex.org/W2048543757","https://openalex.org/W2049381850","https://openalex.org/W2059585731","https://openalex.org/W2060003590","https://openalex.org/W2069764775","https://openalex.org/W2081306128","https://openalex.org/W2082410146","https://openalex.org/W2083460416","https://openalex.org/W2090304700","https://openalex.org/W2093136020","https://openalex.org/W2095004627","https://openalex.org/W2097764980","https://openalex.org/W2099367239","https://openalex.org/W2107003833","https://openalex.org/W2109707891","https://openalex.org/W2112965037","https://openalex.org/W2115042094","https://openalex.org/W2115298650","https://openalex.org/W2116035776","https://openalex.org/W2116217922","https://openalex.org/W2118145666","https://openalex.org/W2120918402","https://openalex.org/W2121274543","https://openalex.org/W2121407100","https://openalex.org/W2122849379","https://openalex.org/W2123977310","https://openalex.org/W2130461460","https://openalex.org/W2132680239","https://openalex.org/W2135093314","https://openalex.org/W2136824831","https://openalex.org/W2138086769","https://openalex.org/W2139727863","https://openalex.org/W2150404500","https://openalex.org/W2154702739","https://openalex.org/W2157207849","https://openalex.org/W2160173578","https://openalex.org/W2162069401","https://openalex.org/W2163635890","https://openalex.org/W2166067272","https://openalex.org/W2166624356","https://openalex.org/W2166714708","https://openalex.org/W2169146629","https://openalex.org/W2188578642","https://openalex.org/W2219089227","https://openalex.org/W2273187074","https://openalex.org/W2288533522","https://openalex.org/W2326150263","https://openalex.org/W2437040199","https://openalex.org/W2465422781","https://openalex.org/W2480083560","https://openalex.org/W2509738571","https://openalex.org/W2609000513","https://openalex.org/W2767256893","https://openalex.org/W2796534978","https://openalex.org/W2890690887","https://openalex.org/W2912978107","https://openalex.org/W2970887809","https://openalex.org/W3023026773","https://openalex.org/W3024369321","https://openalex.org/W3121723029"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1489174841","https://openalex.org/W7207602018","https://openalex.org/W2751602859","https://openalex.org/W2886839547","https://openalex.org/W2954065964","https://openalex.org/W2892260156","https://openalex.org/W2914396540","https://openalex.org/W3041276958","https://openalex.org/W7073797180","https://openalex.org/W2492556883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Purpose:":[0],"Existing":[1],"research":[2,206],"has":[3,25,196],"shown":[4],"that":[5,69,97,144,194,212,232],"individuals":[6,33,75,92,233,245],"with":[7,34,63,76,93,234,251],"mental":[8,35,64,77,235,252],"disorders":[9,36,78],"experience":[10,82,254],"inequality":[11,88],"when":[12,39,70,89,242],"looking":[13,71],"at":[14,72,191],"income,":[15,154],"wages,":[16],"and":[17,48,57,96,107,120,124,127,147,161,177,200,215,259,263],"poverty":[18,198],"in":[19,55,103,153,208,221,257],"the":[20,83,116,132,142,192,226],"United":[21],"States.":[22],"Still,":[23],"there":[24],"been":[26],"a":[27],"dearth":[28],"of":[29,86,115,118,134,165,174,266],"literature":[30],"exploring":[31,40],"how":[32],"fare":[37],"economically":[38,241],"multiple":[41],"inequalities.":[42],"In":[43,224],"this":[44,209,229],"study":[45,67,230],"disability,":[46,145],"race,":[47,146,213],"gender":[49,108,148],"are":[50,138,169],"explored":[51],"to":[52,81,91,136,140,150,171,189,238,244],"examine":[53],"differences":[54,152],"economic":[56,87,176,222],"labor":[58,178],"market":[59,179],"outcomes":[60],"for":[61],"Americans":[62],"disorders.":[65],"This":[66],"hypothesizes":[68],"working-aged":[73],"Americans,":[74],"will":[79,100],"tend":[80,237],"greatest":[84],"amount":[85],"compared":[90,243],"non-mental":[94,248],"disabilities":[95,236,253],"these":[98,175],"inequalities":[99,256],"be":[101],"accentuated":[102],"traditionally":[104],"marginalized":[105],"race":[106],"groups.":[109],"Methods:":[110],"The":[111,205],"public":[112],"use":[113],"files":[114],"Survey":[117],"Income":[119],"Program":[121],"Participation":[122],"Core":[123],"Functional":[125],"Limitations":[126],"Disability":[128],"Topical":[129],"Module":[130],"between":[131],"years":[133],"1996":[135],"2011":[137],"used":[139],"explore":[141,172],"ways":[143],"intersect":[149],"create":[151],"earnings,":[155,260],"employment,":[156],"work":[157],"limitation,":[158],"welfare":[159],"receipt":[160],"poverty.":[162,268],"A":[163,181],"series":[164],"complex":[166],"samples":[167],"regressions":[168],"conducted":[170,188],"each":[173],"outcomes.":[180,223],"discrete":[182],"time":[183],"hazard":[184],"rate":[185],"analysis":[186],"is":[187],"look":[190],"effect":[193],"disability":[195,216],"on":[197],"entrances":[199],"exits":[201],"over":[202],"time.":[203],"Results:":[204],"findings":[207],"dissertation":[210],"demonstrate":[211,231],"gender,":[214],"play":[217],"an":[218],"important":[219],"role":[220],"general,":[225],"results":[227],"from":[228],"do":[239],"worse":[240],"who":[246],"have":[247],"disabilities.":[249],"Individuals":[250],"greater":[255,264],"income":[258],"higher":[261],"unemployment,":[262],"chances":[265],"experiencing":[267]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}