{"id":"https://openalex.org/W126035136","doi":null,"title":"The delayed type hypersensitivity response: a model for studying the defects in skin immunity in the old","display_name":"The delayed type hypersensitivity response: a model for studying the defects in skin immunity in the old","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W126035136","mag":"126035136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:133112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/133112/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065752767","display_name":"Elaine Agius","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elaine Agius","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065752767"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.8192999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.8192999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10371","display_name":"Immune Response and Inflammation","score":0.07760000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13410","display_name":"Immune responses and vaccinations","score":0.013500000350177288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-type-hypersensitivity","display_name":"delayed-type hypersensitivity","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-immunity","display_name":"skin immunity","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.7630000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosenescence","display_name":"immunosenescence","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-macrophages","display_name":"skin macrophages","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tlr1-2","display_name":"TLR1/2","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tlr4","display_name":"TLR4","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cell-migration","display_name":"CD4+ T cell migration","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ccr4","display_name":"CCR4","score":0.8149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cla","display_name":"CLA","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd11a","display_name":"CD11a","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunosurveillance","display_name":"immune surveillance","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/memory-t-cells","display_name":"memory T cells","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/skin-immune-response","display_name":"skin immune response","score":0.43799999356269836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776885095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immunosurveillance","level":3,"score":0.7738022804260254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.6956876516342163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17991360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21173843","display_name":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha","level":2,"score":0.5540722608566284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779341262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182581","display_name":"Immunity","level":3,"score":0.5268498659133911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017924640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7860879","display_name":"Delayed hypersensitivity","level":3,"score":0.5217112898826599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49039625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84230","display_name":"Secretion","level":2,"score":0.5098806619644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779244956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184204","display_name":"Macrophage","level":3,"score":0.4972851574420929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500499127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332154","display_name":"Ageing","level":2,"score":0.49366387724876404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.46152463555336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.4594690501689911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39606544375419617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.33821460604667664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.33345934748649597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.30241885781288147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.15668556094169617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1472891867160797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.ucl.ac.uk.OAI2:133112","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/133112/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400024","display_name":"UCL Discovery (University College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","host_organization_name":"University College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:126035136","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/133112/1/133112.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306508231","display_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral thesis, UCL (University College London).","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":310,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28180501","https://openalex.org/W36058737","https://openalex.org/W67454293","https://openalex.org/W184950299","https://openalex.org/W1483162601","https://openalex.org/W1483891398","https://openalex.org/W1486531266","https://openalex.org/W1487209515","https://openalex.org/W1490351768","https://openalex.org/W1490781411","https://openalex.org/W1491263801","https://openalex.org/W1491272700","https://openalex.org/W1501122454","https://openalex.org/W1510545292","https://openalex.org/W1510905565","https://openalex.org/W1511825494","https://openalex.org/W1512513473","https://openalex.org/W1514064771","https://openalex.org/W1515444641","https://openalex.org/W1518656192","https://openalex.org/W1519633296","https://openalex.org/W1535141082","https://openalex.org/W1557119871","https://openalex.org/W1563673517","https://openalex.org/W1565566945","https://openalex.org/W1568556261","https://openalex.org/W1577972394","https://openalex.org/W1581650643","https://openalex.org/W1586815424","https://openalex.org/W1587985157","https://openalex.org/W1588451633","https://openalex.org/W1600092296","https://openalex.org/W1610017743","https://openalex.org/W1614088207","https://openalex.org/W1631103710","https://openalex.org/W1661544713","https://openalex.org/W1687035583","https://openalex.org/W1688877699","https://openalex.org/W1751022716","https://openalex.org/W1799392736","https://openalex.org/W1883453076","https://openalex.org/W1887677860","https://openalex.org/W1905652260","https://openalex.org/W1922206544","https://openalex.org/W1956258286","https://openalex.org/W1957578237","https://openalex.org/W1965334734","https://openalex.org/W1967931285","https://openalex.org/W1968065234","https://openalex.org/W1968459329","https://openalex.org/W1969556596","https://openalex.org/W1971935894","https://openalex.org/W1972243538","https://openalex.org/W1973312218","https://openalex.org/W1974034109","https://openalex.org/W1976440328","https://openalex.org/W1976789091","https://openalex.org/W1978340010","https://openalex.org/W1978741561","https://openalex.org/W1979771705","https://openalex.org/W1980424473","https://openalex.org/W1981480494","https://openalex.org/W1981969796","https://openalex.org/W1982687474","https://openalex.org/W1983220630","https://openalex.org/W1983330124","https://openalex.org/W1984587196","https://openalex.org/W1984673216","https://openalex.org/W1985093089","https://openalex.org/W1985502949","https://openalex.org/W1985987145","https://openalex.org/W1986808310","https://openalex.org/W1987774046","https://openalex.org/W1988096235","https://openalex.org/W1990083653","https://openalex.org/W1991340019","https://openalex.org/W1991601117","https://openalex.org/W1992439632","https://openalex.org/W1992455678","https://openalex.org/W1995239001","https://openalex.org/W1996136370","https://openalex.org/W1996413039","https://openalex.org/W1997464096","https://openalex.org/W1998673571","https://openalex.org/W2002504985","https://openalex.org/W2002616613","https://openalex.org/W2002726823","https://openalex.org/W2003652884","https://openalex.org/W2004445541","https://openalex.org/W2004465286","https://openalex.org/W2004708987","https://openalex.org/W2004957445","https://openalex.org/W2005036077","https://openalex.org/W2005630031","https://openalex.org/W2006120701","https://openalex.org/W2006301282","https://openalex.org/W2006772331","https://openalex.org/W2006807357","https://openalex.org/W2007229145","https://openalex.org/W2007469704","https://openalex.org/W2007809342","https://openalex.org/W2008152503","https://openalex.org/W2008222784","https://openalex.org/W2011033033","https://openalex.org/W2012988868","https://openalex.org/W2013091760","https://openalex.org/W2013424896","https://openalex.org/W2014035331","https://openalex.org/W2014503303","https://openalex.org/W2015215259","https://openalex.org/W2015837052","https://openalex.org/W2017583377","https://openalex.org/W2018718938","https://openalex.org/W2018733478","https://openalex.org/W2023038954","https://openalex.org/W2024898420","https://openalex.org/W2025336294","https://openalex.org/W2026578487","https://openalex.org/W2027225184","https://openalex.org/W2029093254","https://openalex.org/W2029335144","https://openalex.org/W2029481246","https://openalex.org/W2033330275","https://openalex.org/W2034719295","https://openalex.org/W2035128699","https://openalex.org/W2035809865","https://openalex.org/W2035972887","https://openalex.org/W2037412303","https://openalex.org/W2037780312","https://openalex.org/W2038067940","https://openalex.org/W2038154111","https://openalex.org/W2038610464","https://openalex.org/W2038689279","https://openalex.org/W2038725731","https://openalex.org/W2039683692","https://openalex.org/W2041935246","https://openalex.org/W2042626190","https://openalex.org/W2043044540","https://openalex.org/W2044667589","https://openalex.org/W2045031994","https://openalex.org/W2045118520","https://openalex.org/W2046204077","https://openalex.org/W2046549669","https://openalex.org/W2047381054","https://openalex.org/W2048143404","https://openalex.org/W2051508048","https://openalex.org/W2051762660","https://openalex.org/W2052150279","https://openalex.org/W2052248368","https://openalex.org/W2053583666","https://openalex.org/W2053763669","https://openalex.org/W2054472394","https://openalex.org/W2054581136","https://openalex.org/W2056773253","https://openalex.org/W2057432053","https://openalex.org/W2058130441","https://openalex.org/W2060353505","https://openalex.org/W2062242135","https://openalex.org/W2062350041","https://openalex.org/W2062908826","https://openalex.org/W2062988179","https://openalex.org/W2063655051","https://openalex.org/W2065685732","https://openalex.org/W2068859282","https://openalex.org/W2069632580","https://openalex.org/W2071770608","https://openalex.org/W2072424205","https://openalex.org/W2074644098","https://openalex.org/W2076397065","https://openalex.org/W2076514222","https://openalex.org/W2078659852","https://openalex.org/W2079724762","https://openalex.org/W2079822769","https://openalex.org/W2080921782","https://openalex.org/W2081097093","https://openalex.org/W2081208716","https://openalex.org/W2083072666","https://openalex.org/W2084771620","https://openalex.org/W2085368828","https://openalex.org/W2085838568","https://openalex.org/W2086120493","https://openalex.org/W2087809284","https://openalex.org/W2088024377","https://openalex.org/W2088237595","https://openalex.org/W2090685407","https://openalex.org/W2090848204","https://openalex.org/W2091301099","https://openalex.org/W2093383759","https://openalex.org/W2093417595","https://openalex.org/W2093665165","https://openalex.org/W2096179876","https://openalex.org/W2097509788","https://openalex.org/W2097601634","https://openalex.org/W2097646128","https://openalex.org/W2099310552","https://openalex.org/W2099739487","https://openalex.org/W2100347808","https://openalex.org/W2102537478","https://openalex.org/W2102650083","https://openalex.org/W2103059589","https://openalex.org/W2103357560","https://openalex.org/W2104057569","https://openalex.org/W2106190040","https://openalex.org/W2106274007","https://openalex.org/W2106471879","https://openalex.org/W2107235439","https://openalex.org/W2108723188","https://openalex.org/W2109357160","https://openalex.org/W2109963121","https://openalex.org/W2110459643","https://openalex.org/W2110594269","https://openalex.org/W2110695973","https://openalex.org/W2111220263","https://openalex.org/W2113072982","https://openalex.org/W2113148417","https://openalex.org/W2113168773","https://openalex.org/W2113765099","https://openalex.org/W2113847305","https://openalex.org/W2114962227","https://openalex.org/W2114977310","https://openalex.org/W2115740094","https://openalex.org/W2117889420","https://openalex.org/W2118526748","https://openalex.org/W2118724414","https://openalex.org/W2120459807","https://openalex.org/W2120913923","https://openalex.org/W2121376255","https://openalex.org/W2121864235","https://openalex.org/W2122413738","https://openalex.org/W2123468337","https://openalex.org/W2123640179","https://openalex.org/W2123679910","https://openalex.org/W2124190967","https://openalex.org/W2124733101","https://openalex.org/W2125222551","https://openalex.org/W2125650988","https://openalex.org/W2126486896","https://openalex.org/W2127576962","https://openalex.org/W2127954824","https://openalex.org/W2128275973","https://openalex.org/W2128509983","https://openalex.org/W2129319296","https://openalex.org/W2131018657","https://openalex.org/W2131632510","https://openalex.org/W2133950776","https://openalex.org/W2134660914","https://openalex.org/W2135597173","https://openalex.org/W2136536421","https://openalex.org/W2139647275","https://openalex.org/W2140008727","https://openalex.org/W2140202337","https://openalex.org/W2140916758","https://openalex.org/W2141824651","https://openalex.org/W2142943268","https://openalex.org/W2143135577","https://openalex.org/W2143676542","https://openalex.org/W2145164692","https://openalex.org/W2145697808","https://openalex.org/W2146074801","https://openalex.org/W2146079721","https://openalex.org/W2147129142","https://openalex.org/W2147260548","https://openalex.org/W2147778626","https://openalex.org/W2149437926","https://openalex.org/W2150678612","https://openalex.org/W2152536923","https://openalex.org/W2152624886","https://openalex.org/W2154137408","https://openalex.org/W2154463442","https://openalex.org/W2154694714","https://openalex.org/W2156013098","https://openalex.org/W2156275638","https://openalex.org/W2156489752","https://openalex.org/W2156964052","https://openalex.org/W2157752234","https://openalex.org/W2157962067","https://openalex.org/W2158092720","https://openalex.org/W2159367422","https://openalex.org/W2161152348","https://openalex.org/W2162481769","https://openalex.org/W2162543584","https://openalex.org/W2162819001","https://openalex.org/W2163380226","https://openalex.org/W2164671133","https://openalex.org/W2165779188","https://openalex.org/W2166438464","https://openalex.org/W2166653058","https://openalex.org/W2166732256","https://openalex.org/W2168089480","https://openalex.org/W2168203604","https://openalex.org/W2168232703","https://openalex.org/W2168628806","https://openalex.org/W2168822664","https://openalex.org/W2169758620","https://openalex.org/W2169887956","https://openalex.org/W2170262191","https://openalex.org/W2181131337","https://openalex.org/W2188294308","https://openalex.org/W2317145780","https://openalex.org/W2327818322","https://openalex.org/W2332565014","https://openalex.org/W2402075445","https://openalex.org/W2402816457","https://openalex.org/W2404749361","https://openalex.org/W2405407745","https://openalex.org/W2886978647","https://openalex.org/W4244915917","https://openalex.org/W4256090724","https://openalex.org/W4313333832","https://openalex.org/W4313347712"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2147548702","https://openalex.org/W795689266","https://openalex.org/W2194270495","https://openalex.org/W642958175","https://openalex.org/W7027538505","https://openalex.org/W1966998835","https://openalex.org/W2341394790","https://openalex.org/W2074923830","https://openalex.org/W2051508048","https://openalex.org/W1976885228"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Immunity":[0],"declines":[1],"during":[2,142],"ageing,":[3],"however":[4],"the":[5,17,103,133,140],"mechanisms":[6],"involved":[7],"are":[8],"not":[9],"known.":[10],"In":[11],"this":[12,35],"study":[13],"we":[14],"show":[15],"that":[16,34,65,102],"cutaneous":[18],"delayed":[19],"type":[20],"hypersensitivity":[21],"response":[22],"(DTH)":[23],"to":[24,38,87,119],"recall":[25],"antigens":[26],"is":[27,105],"significantly":[28],"decreased":[29,68,108],"in":[30,75,99,139],"old":[31],"individuals":[32],"and":[33,137],"was":[36,55],"unrelated":[37],"CCR4,":[39],"CLA":[40],"or":[41,44,95],"CD11a":[42],"expression":[43],"physical":[45],"capacity":[46],"for":[47,132],"migration":[48],"of":[49,58,62,110,135],"CD4+":[50],"T":[51,124],"cells.":[52,125],"Instead,":[53],"there":[54],"defective":[56,120],"activation":[57],"dermal":[59],"blood":[60],"vessels":[61],"these":[63,82],"subjects":[64,83],"resulted":[66],"from":[67,81],"TNF-\u03b1":[69,89],"secretion":[70],"by":[71,113,122],"macrophages":[72,80],"after":[73,90],"antigen-challenge":[74],"vivo.":[76],"However,":[77],"isolated":[78],"skin":[79,141],"could":[84],"be":[85,128],"induced":[86],"secrete":[88],"stimulation":[91],"with":[92],"TLR":[93,96],"1/2":[94],"4":[97],"ligands":[98],"vitro,":[100],"indicating":[101],"defect":[104],"reversible.":[106],"The":[107],"conditioning":[109],"tissue":[111],"microenvironments":[112],"macrophage-derived":[114],"cytokines":[115],"may":[116,127],"therefore":[117],"lead":[118],"immunosurveillance":[121],"memory":[123],"This":[126],"a":[129],"predisposing":[130],"factor":[131],"development":[134],"malignancy":[136],"infection":[138],"ageing.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}