{"id":"https://openalex.org/W12367189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","title":"Discrimination of Unexploded Ordnance from Clutter Using Linear Genetic Programming","display_name":"Discrimination of Unexploded Ordnance from Clutter Using Linear Genetic Programming","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W12367189","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","mag":"12367189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463519","display_name":"Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genetic Programming","raw_type":"book-chapter"},"volume":{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2365217155","display_name":"Genetic Programming Theory and Practice III"},"type":"book-chapter","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045181481","display_name":"Frank D. Francone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank D. Francone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, 7606 S. Newland St., Littleton, CO, USA, 80128","RML Technologies, Inc, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, 7606 S. Newland St., Littleton, CO, USA, 80128","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"RML Technologies, Inc, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080842310","display_name":"Larry M. Deschaine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3993-8867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3993-8867"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114662689","display_name":"Leidos (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/012cvds63","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114662689"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I880747138","display_name":"Science Applications International Corporation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zv91802","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I880747138"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Larry M. Deschaine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, 360 Bay St., Augusta, GA, USA, 30901","Science Applications International Corp., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, 360 Bay St., Augusta, GA, USA, 30901","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science Applications International Corp., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114662689","https://openalex.org/I880747138"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064645856","display_name":"Tom Battenhouse","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114662689","display_name":"Leidos (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/012cvds63","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114662689"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I880747138","display_name":"Science Applications International Corporation (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00zv91802","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I880747138"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom Battenhouse","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chalmers University of Technology, 360 Bay St., Augusta, GA, USA, 30901","Science Applications International Corp., USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chalmers University of Technology, 360 Bay St., Augusta, GA, USA, 30901","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science Applications International Corp., USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114662689","https://openalex.org/I880747138"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jeffrey J. Warren","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey J. Warren","raw_affiliation_strings":["Science Applications International Corp., 6310 Allentown Boulevard, Harrisburg, PA, USA, 17112"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Science Applications International Corp., 6310 Allentown Boulevard, Harrisburg, PA, USA, 17112","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.3884,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96140351,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"49","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.5692999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.5692999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.3970000147819519,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12169","display_name":"Non-Destructive Testing Techniques","score":0.008799999952316284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unexploded-ordnance","display_name":"unexploded ordnance","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uxo-discrimination","display_name":"UXO discrimination","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-genetic-programming","display_name":"linear genetic programming","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromagnetic-sensors","display_name":"electromagnetic sensors","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-invasive-detection","display_name":"non-invasive detection","score":0.593999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-learning","display_name":"automatic learning","score":0.4320000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limited-training-data","display_name":"limited training data","score":0.47699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noisy-data","display_name":"noisy data","score":0.8100000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775977338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2302880","display_name":"Unexploded ordnance","level":2,"score":0.9849942922592163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.7330662608146667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.5397319793701172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.5127716660499573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4525916874408722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42881494760513306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.417240172624588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.3045177459716797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.25047802925109863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2147613763809204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28111-8_4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306463519","display_name":"Kluwer Academic Publishers eBooks","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"ebook platform"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Genetic Programming","raw_type":"book-chapter"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.205.6314","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.205.6314","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.aimlearning.com/doclink/UXO.GECCO.2004.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.484.6120","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.484.6120","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cs.bham.ac.uk/~wbl/biblio/gecco2004/LBP022.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W55418620","https://openalex.org/W121649645","https://openalex.org/W228584039","https://openalex.org/W1495061682","https://openalex.org/W1515426594","https://openalex.org/W1569757501","https://openalex.org/W1603940370","https://openalex.org/W2029874061","https://openalex.org/W2065758442","https://openalex.org/W2155802383","https://openalex.org/W2361628867","https://openalex.org/W2418011578","https://openalex.org/W4255504236","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6604766417"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097910997","https://openalex.org/W2072153691","https://openalex.org/W7095461816","https://openalex.org/W2140014620","https://openalex.org/W2052623986","https://openalex.org/W349798940","https://openalex.org/W2134346358","https://openalex.org/W2103512107","https://openalex.org/W170870089","https://openalex.org/W2332748158"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,32],"used":[1,17],"Linear":[2],"Genetic":[3],"Programming":[4],"(LGP)":[5],"to":[6,10,18,61,76],"study":[7],"the":[8,41,50,64],"extent":[9],"which":[11],"automated":[12],"learning":[13],"techniques":[14,70],"may":[15],"be":[16],"improve":[19,63,91,109],"Unexploded":[20],"Ordinance":[21],"(UXO)":[22],"discrimination":[23,65,92,111],"from":[24,68],"Protem-47":[25],"and":[26,44,105,121],"Geonics":[27],"EM61":[28,42],"non-invasive":[29],"electromagnetic":[30],"sensors.":[31],"conclude":[33],"that:":[34],"(1)":[35],"Even":[36],"after":[37],"geophysicists":[38],"have":[39],"analyzed":[40],"signals":[43],"ranked":[45],"anomalies":[46],"in":[47],"order":[48],"of":[49,66,101,103,119],"likelihood":[51],"that":[52,115],"each":[53],"comprises":[54],"UXO,":[55],"our":[56],"LGP":[57,85,89,107],"tool":[58],"was":[59],"able":[60],"substantially":[62],"UXO":[67,79,110],"scrap\u2014preexisting":[69],"require":[71],"digging":[72],"62%":[73],"more":[74],"holes":[75],"locate":[77],"all":[78],"on":[80,96,112],"a":[81,97,117],"range":[82],"than":[83],"do":[84],"derived":[86],"models;":[87],"(2)":[88],"can":[90,108],"even":[93],"though":[94],"trained":[95],"very":[98],"small":[99],"number":[100],"examples":[102],"UXO;":[104],"(3)":[106],"data":[113],"sets":[114],"contain":[116],"high-level":[118],"noise":[120],"little":[122],"preprocessing.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
