{"id":"https://openalex.org/W12199513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","title":"Twenty-Four-Hour Structure of Sleepiness in Morning and Evening Persons Investigated by Ultrashort Sleep-Wake Cycle","display_name":"Twenty-Four-Hour Structure of Sleepiness in Morning and Evening Persons Investigated by Ultrashort Sleep-Wake Cycle","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W12199513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","mag":"12199513","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2595175"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42921845","display_name":"SLEEP","issn_l":"0161-8105","issn":["0161-8105","1550-9109"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sleep","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039902823","display_name":"Peretz Lavie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peretz Lavie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058645353","display_name":"Shulamit Segal","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174306211","display_name":"Technion \u2013 Israel Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03qryx823","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shulamit Segal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sleep Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039902823"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174306211"],"apc_list":{"value":4388,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4388},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.375,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9211081,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"522","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11373","display_name":"Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue","score":0.8871999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10985","display_name":"Sleep and Wakefulness Research","score":0.07199999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10316","display_name":"Sleep and related disorders","score":0.03269999846816063,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronotype","display_name":"chronotype","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleepiness","display_name":"sleepiness","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-deprivation","display_name":"sleep deprivation","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sleep-propensity","display_name":"sleep propensity","score":0.6050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circadian-rhythm","display_name":"circadian rhythm","score":0.4779999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19720800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7722","display_name":"Morning","level":2,"score":0.9294717311859131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776476923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7725","display_name":"Evening","level":2,"score":0.8916467428207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775841894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4683692","display_name":"Sleep (system call)","level":2,"score":0.6750401258468628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364801","display_name":"Sleep deprivation","level":3,"score":0.5667661428451538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121446783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208353","display_name":"Circadian rhythm","level":2,"score":0.5177215933799744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5134164094924927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777334680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1607611","display_name":"Nocturnal","level":2,"score":0.4426308572292328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63759246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7539762","display_name":"Sleep onset","level":3,"score":0.4288964569568634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.382889986038208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.32898908853530884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781210498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1869874","display_name":"Insomnia","level":2,"score":0.29872748255729675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.2594238221645355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.17194485664367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.04577594995498657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001143","descriptor_name":"Arousal","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002540","descriptor_name":"Cerebral Cortex","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002940","descriptor_name":"Circadian Rhythm","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004569","descriptor_name":"Electroencephalography","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005071","descriptor_name":"Evoked Potentials","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012892","descriptor_name":"Sleep Deprivation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012894","descriptor_name":"Sleep Stages","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012895","descriptor_name":"Sleep, REM","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/12.6.522","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S42921845","display_name":"SLEEP","issn_l":"0161-8105","issn":["0161-8105","1550-9109"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sleep","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:2595175","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2595175","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sleep","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8048999905586243,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969126379","https://openalex.org/W1970342401","https://openalex.org/W1975395144","https://openalex.org/W1985724544","https://openalex.org/W2019856953","https://openalex.org/W2020841602","https://openalex.org/W2058770943","https://openalex.org/W2085612654","https://openalex.org/W2399537595"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2023318767","https://openalex.org/W2092150214","https://openalex.org/W2288447163","https://openalex.org/W2081835440","https://openalex.org/W2049943999","https://openalex.org/W1975395144","https://openalex.org/W1889757068","https://openalex.org/W2017672352","https://openalex.org/W3113346990","https://openalex.org/W3092093992"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\"Morning\"":[0],"and":[1,13,34,56,79,93,110,130],"\"evening\"":[2],"persons,":[3],"defined":[4],"according":[5],"to":[6,99],"a":[7,70,88],"modified":[8],"version":[9],"of":[10,43,95,101,122],"the":[11,17,32,36,52,108,116,137],"Horne":[12],"Ostberg":[14],"questionnaire,":[15],"performed":[16],"7/13":[18],"min":[19],"sleep-waking":[20],"schedule":[21],"under":[22,35,51],"attempting":[23,53],"sleep":[24,38,44,54,65,73,81],"condition":[25,39,55,85],"after":[26,40],"sleeping":[27],"for":[28],"one":[29,41],"night":[30,42],"in":[31,61],"laboratory,":[33],"resisting":[37],"deprivation.":[45],"Morning":[46],"types":[47,68,104,112],"slept":[48,105,113],"significantly":[49],"more":[50,71,106,114],"showed":[57],"an":[58],"earlier":[59],"rise":[60],"nocturnal":[62,80],"sleepiness.":[63],"After":[64],"deprivation,":[66],"morning":[67,103],"had":[69],"distinct":[72],"propensity":[74],"pattern":[75],"with":[76,97],"well-defined":[77],"midafternoon":[78],"gates.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84],"there":[86],"was":[87],"significant":[89],"interaction":[90],"between":[91],"type":[92],"time":[94],"day":[96],"respect":[98],"amount":[100],"sleep:":[102],"during":[107,115],"night,":[109],"evening":[111],"day.":[117],"Based":[118],"on":[119],"their":[120],"amounts":[121],"sleep,":[123],"subjects":[124],"were":[125,134],"also":[126],"divided":[127],"into":[128],"\"sleepy\"":[129],"\"alert\"":[131],"types,":[132],"which":[133],"independent":[135],"from":[136],"chronotypology.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}