{"id":"https://openalex.org/W116983534","doi":null,"title":"Transition and Native American Youth: A Follow-Up Study of School Leavers on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation","display_name":"Transition and Native American Youth: A Follow-Up Study of School Leavers on the Fort Apache Indian Reservation","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W116983534","mag":"116983534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:116983534","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-16955923/transition-and-native-american-youth-a-follow-up","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167045310","display_name":"Journal of rehabilitation","issn_l":"0022-4154","issn":["0022-4154"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319146","host_organization_name":"University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of rehabilitation","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101963885","display_name":"Michael S. Shafer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-0985","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-0985"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael S. Shafer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3330-0985","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059806360","display_name":"Ramasamy Rangasamy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramasamy Rangasamy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5583,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90380482,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"1","first_page":"60","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11514","display_name":"Disability Education and Employment","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10348","display_name":"Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12714","display_name":"Youth Education and Societal Dynamics","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/native-american-youth","display_name":"Native American youth","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coming-of-age","display_name":"coming of age","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-dropout","display_name":"school dropout","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-school-outcomes","display_name":"post-school outcomes","score":0.6650000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocational-rehabilitation","display_name":"vocational rehabilitation","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supported-employment","display_name":"supported employment","score":0.9089999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/americans-with-disabilities-act","display_name":"Americans with Disabilities Act","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocational-education","display_name":"vocational education","score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-indian-students","display_name":"Native American students","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intellectual-disability","display_name":"intellectual disability","score":0.6010000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/substance-abuse","display_name":"substance abuse","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suicide","display_name":"suicide","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employment-of-people-with-disabilities","display_name":"employment of people with disabilities","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/school-to-work-transition","display_name":"school-to-work transition","score":0.47099998593330383}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.7263461351394653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52130261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39825","display_name":"Census","level":3,"score":0.5784183740615845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.553829550743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.5336105823516846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.5011279582977295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.49277523159980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984949393","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1260241","display_name":"Drop out","level":2,"score":0.46239790320396423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28858896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212105","display_name":"Special education","level":2,"score":0.44615134596824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.43471741676330566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992135444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4232928","display_name":"Native american","level":2,"score":0.42097336053848267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3540486693382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.19528082013130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.1414313018321991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2549261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43455","display_name":"Ethnology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:116983534","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-16955923/transition-and-native-american-youth-a-follow-up","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S167045310","display_name":"Journal of rehabilitation","issn_l":"0022-4154","issn":["0022-4154"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319146","host_organization_name":"University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319146"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of rehabilitation","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7578999996185303,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.5683000087738037,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"score":0.5,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2067070662","https://openalex.org/W66093926","https://openalex.org/W7101088871","https://openalex.org/W7095353644","https://openalex.org/W1827013652","https://openalex.org/W171073870","https://openalex.org/W34909309","https://openalex.org/W2526913680","https://openalex.org/W1841304476","https://openalex.org/W41949093"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"There":[0],"exists":[1,19],"an":[2,509],"extreme":[3],"paucity":[4],"of":[5,11,44,57,63,77,115,143,146,162,175,183,206,238,296,325,343,356,366,393,405,413,454,481,508,516,520,566,579],"research":[6],"regarding":[7],"the":[8,54,97,116,122,134,138,147,151,172,204,253,268,271,286,314,318,332,340,344,354,364,367,391,403,406,436,452,455,460,482,500,506,517,534,564,577],"post-school":[9],"outcomes":[10],"disabled":[12,217],"Native":[13,25,51,72,242,257,299,476,494,545,551],"American":[14,26,73,104,128,148,184,243,258,300,477,495],"youth.":[15],"In":[16,70,120,137,561],"addition,":[17],"there":[18],"a":[20,32,75,179,294,323,446],"significant":[21,49],"need":[22],"to":[23,30,37,131,190,265,283,330,390,400,458],"assist":[24],"youth":[27,79,244,259,290,301],"with":[28,248,337,369,384,408,427,433,465,576],"disabilities":[29,239,385],"make":[31],"smooth":[33],"transition":[34,46,419,486,588],"from":[35,533],"school":[36,98,164,168],"work":[38],"and":[39,230,359,380,396,421,440,448,531,556,569,572,581],"adult":[40],"living.":[41],"The":[42,220,233],"importance":[43],"this":[45,58,401],"is":[47,60,101,263,280,502],"especially":[48,278],"for":[50,107,133,195,256,270,288,306,335,353,377,382,418,425,463],"Americans,":[52],"since":[53],"median":[55],"age":[56,64],"population":[59,273],"21.3":[61],"years":[62,215],"(Arizona":[65],"State":[66],"Data":[67],"Center,":[68],"1990).":[69],"most":[71,221,398],"communities,":[74,563],"majority":[76],"these":[78,468,562],"are":[80,245,302,387,527,540,584],"in":[81,150,241,260,374,431,435,524,548],"school,":[82],"but":[83],"many":[84],"may":[85,497],"drop":[86,160],"out":[87,161],"before":[88],"completing":[89],"high":[90,163,167],"school.":[91],"For":[92,251,293,513],"example,":[93,252,514],"researchers":[94],"have":[95,444,470],"noted":[96],"dropout":[99,123],"rate":[100,124,255,287],"higher":[102],"among":[103,127,475,493],"Indians":[105,129,149],"than":[106],"any":[108],"other":[109,234,441],"ethnic":[110],"minority":[111],"group":[112],"(U.S.":[113],"Bureau":[114,205],"Census,":[117],"1980;":[118],"1983).":[119],"1988,":[121,144],"was":[125],"35.5%":[126],"compared":[130],"28.8%":[132],"U.S.":[135,319],"population.":[136],"National":[139],"Education":[140,196],"Longitudinal":[141],"Study":[142],"19%":[145],"8th":[152],"grade":[153],"indicated":[154],"that":[155,166,485,499,583],"they":[156,158],"expected":[157,187],"would":[159,170],"or":[165],"graduation":[169],"be":[171,498],"terminal":[173],"point":[174],"their":[176,188],"education.":[177],"Furthermore,":[178],"very":[180],"small":[181],"percentage":[182],"Indian":[185,207],"parents":[186],"children":[189],"attend":[191],"college":[192],"(National":[193],"Center":[194],"Statistics,":[197],"1988).":[198],"A":[199],"recent":[200],"survey":[201],"conducted":[202],"by":[203,544,587],"Affairs":[208],"identified":[209],"6,816":[210],"school-aged":[211],"students":[212,426],"between":[213],"5-21":[214],"as":[216,522],"(O'Connell,":[218,274,291],"1987).":[219,275,292],"prevalent":[222],"handicapping":[223],"conditions":[224],"included":[225],"learning":[226],"disability,":[227],"speech":[228],"impairment,":[229],"mental":[231],"retardation.":[232],"less":[235],"visible":[236],"types":[237],"found":[240],"those":[246,550],"associated":[247],"psychosocial":[249],"problems.":[250],"suicide":[254],"some":[261],"communities":[262,496],"3":[264,284],"10":[266],"times":[267,285],"rates":[269],"general":[272],"Substance":[276],"abuse,":[277],"alcohol,":[279],"also":[281],"2":[282],"non-Indian":[289],"variety":[295],"reasons,":[297],"then,":[298],"at":[303],"greater":[304],"risk":[305],"educational":[307],"failure":[308],"and,":[309,547],"ultimately,":[310],"economic":[311],"disability.":[312],"During":[313],"past":[315],"few":[316],"years,":[317],"Congress":[320],"has":[321,487],"undertaken":[322],"number":[324],"legislative":[326],"initiatives":[327,469],"designed":[328],"specifically":[329],"enhance":[331,459],"employment":[333,358,461,530],"opportunity":[334],"persons":[336,383,464],"disabilities.":[338,428,466],"First,":[339],"1986":[341],"re-authorization":[342],"Vocational":[345],"Rehabilitation":[346],"Act":[347,371,411],"(P.L.":[348,372],"99-506),":[349],"provided":[350],"specific":[351,378,416],"mandates":[352,417],"provision":[355],"supported":[357],"rehabilitation":[360,422],"engineering":[361],"services.":[362,589],"Second,":[363],"passage":[365,404],"Americans":[368,546,552],"Disabilities":[370,409],"101-336)":[373],"1990":[375,414],"provides":[376,415],"safeguards":[379],"accommodations":[381],"who":[386],"seeking":[388],"entry":[389],"world":[392],"work.":[394],"Third,":[395],"perhaps":[397],"essential":[399],"project,":[402],"Individuals":[407],"Educational":[410],"(IDEA)":[412],"planning":[420],"counseling":[423],"services":[424],"These":[429,537],"initiatives,":[430],"combination":[432],"modifications":[434],"Social":[437],"Security":[438],"Administration":[439],"federal":[442,456,525],"programs,":[443],"signaled":[445],"comprehensive":[447],"coordinate":[449],"effort":[450],"on":[451,554],"part":[453],"government":[457],"opportunities":[462],"Unfortunately,":[467],"not":[471,488,541],"been":[472,490],"fully":[473,491],"implemented":[474],"reservation":[478],"communities.":[479],"One":[480],"major":[483],"reasons":[484],"yet":[489],"adopted":[492],"concept":[501],"itself":[503],"based":[504],"upon":[505],"values":[507,565,578],"urban,":[510],"Anglo":[511],"culture.":[512],"two":[515],"dominant":[518],"themes":[519],"transition,":[521],"defined":[523],"policy,":[526],"gainful,":[528],"competitive":[529],"emancipation":[532],"family":[535],"home.":[536],"experiences,":[538],"however,":[539],"universally":[542],"valued":[543],"particular,":[549],"residing":[553],"reservations":[555],"maintaining":[557],"traditional":[558],"tribal":[559],"customs.":[560],"cooperation,":[567],"interdependence":[568],"communal":[570],"responsibility":[571],"action":[573],"often":[574,585],"conflict":[575],"independence":[580],"competition":[582],"implied":[586],"\u2026":[590]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-10-10T17:16:08.811792","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
