{"id":"https://openalex.org/W116643188","doi":null,"title":"How do urban people in China form stigmatization on rural-to-urban migrant children?","display_name":"How do urban people in China form stigmatization on rural-to-urban migrant children?","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W116643188","mag":"116643188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:dukespace.lib.duke.edu:10161/8453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400687","display_name":"DukeSpace (Duke University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","host_organization_name":"Duke University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Masters' project"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaofei Gan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaofei Gan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6855,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87386647,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.7188000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.7188000082969666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10314","display_name":"Social and Intergroup Psychology","score":0.057999998331069946,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10216","display_name":"Migration, Refugees, and Integration","score":0.047600001096725464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stigmatization","display_name":"stigmatization","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migrant-children","display_name":"migrant children","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-to-urban-migration","display_name":"rural-urban migration","score":0.906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-residents","display_name":"urban residents","score":0.7910000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stereotypes","display_name":"stereotypes","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-separation","display_name":"social separation","score":0.47999998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrimination","display_name":"discrimination","score":0.40299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-stigma-campaigns","display_name":"anti-stigma campaigns","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/migrant-workers","display_name":"migrant workers","score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children-s-psychological-well-being","display_name":"child psychological well-being","score":0.4819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-and-parent-perceptions","display_name":"teacher and parent perceptions","score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-esteem","display_name":"self-esteem","score":0.33500000834465027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6443907618522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39853841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161078","display_name":"Urbanization","level":2,"score":0.535129964351654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.45222902297973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019876095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15320003","display_name":"Migrant workers","level":2,"score":0.43432891368865967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45355965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1643441","display_name":"Socioeconomics","level":1,"score":0.40205779671669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.357517808675766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3156206011772156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:dukespace.lib.duke.edu:10161/8453","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10161/8453","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400687","display_name":"DukeSpace (Duke University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","host_organization_name":"Duke University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Masters' project"},{"id":"mag:116643188","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/handle/10161/8453/Xiaofei%20Gan%20MP%20April%2015.pdf;sequence=1","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7578999996185303,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5142999887466431,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W620271081","https://openalex.org/W630121716","https://openalex.org/W1483679835","https://openalex.org/W1606834282","https://openalex.org/W1708793611","https://openalex.org/W1935684056","https://openalex.org/W1944542701","https://openalex.org/W1966091578","https://openalex.org/W1968083606","https://openalex.org/W1969577117","https://openalex.org/W1976827775","https://openalex.org/W1982994189","https://openalex.org/W2008854471","https://openalex.org/W2013574161","https://openalex.org/W2017570736","https://openalex.org/W2017658115","https://openalex.org/W2021710070","https://openalex.org/W2022768097","https://openalex.org/W2026339895","https://openalex.org/W2030924037","https://openalex.org/W2039130085","https://openalex.org/W2039839397","https://openalex.org/W2046414757","https://openalex.org/W2057538840","https://openalex.org/W2061652301","https://openalex.org/W2070008958","https://openalex.org/W2084802756","https://openalex.org/W2088637664","https://openalex.org/W2093729903","https://openalex.org/W2093802456","https://openalex.org/W2105535487","https://openalex.org/W2109792558","https://openalex.org/W2115577372","https://openalex.org/W2127073483","https://openalex.org/W2129839134","https://openalex.org/W2130418106","https://openalex.org/W2145073540","https://openalex.org/W2155041625","https://openalex.org/W2159536829","https://openalex.org/W2167767925","https://openalex.org/W2209116764","https://openalex.org/W2316730535","https://openalex.org/W2410432459","https://openalex.org/W2588099282","https://openalex.org/W2792232475","https://openalex.org/W2800029484","https://openalex.org/W2801284470","https://openalex.org/W2954891559","https://openalex.org/W2963297926","https://openalex.org/W2992408026","https://openalex.org/W3107255576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017658115","https://openalex.org/W3140718137","https://openalex.org/W2102632005","https://openalex.org/W1918739691","https://openalex.org/W4210931976","https://openalex.org/W4410804468","https://openalex.org/W2800415531","https://openalex.org/W3158254255","https://openalex.org/W2089140769","https://openalex.org/W2034181220"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"1.":[0],"Introduction":[1],"and":[2,67,77,92,115,124,144,170,185,202,259,264,283,332,336,360,431,442,454,472,536,543,569,581,590,606,637,694,770,821,839,877],"problem":[3],"statement\\n\\nSince":[4],"China\u2019s":[5,58],"economic":[6,60],"reform":[7],"30":[8],"years":[9],"ago,":[10],"it":[11,139],"started":[12],"to":[13,22,49,106,121,163,167,197,211,233,251,319,380,399,412,422,503,532,706,728,763,830,873],"experience":[14,73],"the":[15,23,55,80,159,183,199,205,230,249,270,275,297,306,342,373,383,391,400,403,463,486,490,516,523,600,629,651,667,671,678,708,730,740,744,765,772,778,819,833,848,852,861,868],"most":[16,95,595,788],"extensive":[17],"internal":[18],"rural-to-urban":[19],"migration.":[20],"According":[21],"Sixth":[24],"National":[25],"Population":[26],"Census":[27],"in":[28,79,195,255,346,429,462,476,485,499,522,603,632,654,714,757,761,793,828,851],"2010,":[29],"there":[30],"are":[31,43,54,147,515,566,782,845],"a":[32,87,179,193,213,321,376,437,450,459,500],"total":[33],"number":[34,647],"of":[35,57,90,187,224,267,308,324,378,393,402,433,436,439,452,505,518,525,648,696,746,805],"260":[36],"million":[37,42],"migrants,":[38],"among":[39],"which":[40,118],"42":[41],"migrant":[44,52,65,68,219,241,285,294,417,445,497,506,528,546,552,564,592,617,640,659,680,720,768,825,842],"children":[45,69,137,498,529,553,565,573,618,641,660,769,843],"aged":[46],"from":[47,557,642,687],"0":[48],"14.":[50],"Although":[51],"populations":[53],"engines":[56],"spectacular":[59],"growth,":[61],"previous":[62,371],"studies":[63,128,174],"on":[64,136,175,240,363,390,670,742,767,777,859],"workers":[66,507],"showed":[70,130,177],"that":[71,102,131,178,366,420,504,513,551,616,628,817,844,866,870],"they":[72,153,457,466,548,575,663,683,703,723],"institutional,":[74],"interpersonal":[75],"discrimination":[76,123],"stigmatization":[78,239,726,747],"host":[81,464,487],"cities.":[82],"\\nAcademia":[83],"has":[84,133],"not":[85,155],"reached":[86],"single":[88],"definition":[89],"stigma":[91,97,132,164,176,188,217,268,766],"stigmatization.":[93,878],"But":[94,395,563],"described":[96],"as":[98,227,269,666,800],"having":[99],"an":[100,715,801,813],"attribute":[101,109],"is":[103,110,493],"socially":[104],"salient":[105,484],"others.":[107],"This":[108,310,751],"also":[111,129,288,549,700,857],"associated":[112],"with":[113,305,611,739,847],"undesirable":[114],"negative":[116,134,200],"stereotypes,":[117,773],"further":[119],"leads":[120],"separation,":[122],"status":[125,331,709],"loss.":[126],"Previous":[127],"effects":[135],"because":[138,152,508,574,662,702,804],"would":[140,619,635,704],"reduce":[141,203],"their":[142,519,558,622,725,785],"self-esteem":[143],"confidence.":[145],"They":[146],"more":[148,567],"vulnerable":[149],"than":[150,571],"adults":[151],"do":[154],"have":[156,367],"control":[157],"over":[158,719],"situation.":[160],"Long-term":[161],"exposure":[162],"will":[165],"lead":[166,421],"withdrawal,":[168],"depression":[169],"other":[171],"psychological":[172],"problems.\\nPrevious":[173],"full":[180],"understanding":[181,215],"about":[182,216,416,545,578,824,841],"process":[184,745],"content":[186],"helped":[189],"combat":[190,764],"stigma.":[191,309,394,759],"As":[192],"result,":[194],"order":[196,762,829],"prevent":[198],"outcomes":[201],"stigma,":[204,743],"Dandelion":[206],"School":[207],"proposed":[208],"this":[209,225,244,273,300],"study":[210,245,261,276,301,311,408,583,735],"gain":[212],"deeper":[214],"toward":[218],"children.":[220,242,286,295,520,593,624,721,826],"The":[221,349,385,594,787],"main":[222],"purpose":[223],"study,":[226],"required":[228],"by":[229,341,370,540],"client,":[231],"was":[232,483,599,797],"explore":[234],"how":[235,278],"urban":[236,279,291,413,526,572,643,675,874],"residents":[237,280,292,712],"form":[238],"Thus,":[243,521,722,760,827],"generated":[246],"implications":[247],"for":[248,315],"client":[250,811],"conduct":[252],"anti-stigma":[253,814],"campaigns":[254,774],"future.":[256],"\\n\\n2.":[257],"Data":[258],"methodology\\n\\nThis":[260],"adopted":[262,312],"Link":[263],"Phelan\u2019s":[265],"conceptualizing":[266],"framework.":[271],"Following":[272],"framework,":[274],"explored":[277],"label,":[281],"stereotype":[282],"separate":[284,639],"It":[287,855],"analyzed":[289],"why":[290,587,860],"stigmatize":[293,677,863],"Considering":[296],"exploratory":[298],"nature,":[299],"used":[302],"in-depth":[303],"interviews":[304,317],"perpetrators":[307,862],"several":[313],"criteria":[314],"recruiting":[316],"participants":[318,338,588,626,649],"reflect":[320],"wide":[322],"range":[323],"educational":[325,815,834],"level,":[326],"occupation,":[327],"age,":[328],"gender,":[329],"marital":[330],"home":[333],"location.":[334],"Parent":[335],"teacher":[337,345,517],"were":[339,351,356,387,530,614,713],"referred":[340],"author\u2019s":[343],"English":[344],"middle":[347],"school.":[348],"rest":[350],"voluntarily":[352],"recruited":[353],"online.":[354],"Interviews":[355],"conducted":[357],"via":[358],"face-to-face":[359],"telephone.":[361],"\\nBased":[362],"interview":[364],"questions":[365,379,386,396],"been":[368],"tested":[369],"studies,":[372],"author":[374],"prepared":[375],"list":[377],"cover":[381],"during":[382],"conversion.":[384],"divided":[388],"based":[389],"framework":[392],"varied":[397],"according":[398],"proceeding":[401],"conversation.":[404],"\\n\\n3.":[405],"Key":[406],"findings\\n\\nThis":[407],"found":[409,736],"that,":[410,737],"similar":[411,502],"residents\u2019":[414,875],"impression":[415],"workers,":[418,547],"attributes":[419],"labeling":[423],"include":[424,691],"appearance,":[425],"facial":[426],"expression,":[427],"behavior":[428],"public":[430,477,697],"manner":[432],"speaking.":[434],"Because":[435],"lack":[438],"matched":[440],"colors":[441],"low":[443],"quality,":[444],"children\u2019s":[446],"overall":[447],"clothing":[448],"gave":[449],"sense":[451],"mess":[453],"disarray.":[455],"Since":[456],"lived":[458],"marginalized":[460],"life":[461],"city,":[465],"acted":[467],"timid,":[468],"avoided":[469],"eye":[470,524],"contact":[471],"violated":[473],"social":[474,790],"norm":[475],"area.":[478],"Their":[479],"strong":[480],"regional":[481],"accent":[482],"city":[488],"where":[489],"local":[491],"dialect":[492],"prevalent.":[494],"\\nParticipants":[495],"depicted":[496],"way":[501],"traditional":[509],"Chinese":[510],"belief":[511],"thinks":[512],"parents":[514,559],"residents,":[527],"believed":[531,550,627],"be":[533,831],"lacking":[534],"discipline":[535],"bad":[537],"mannered.":[538],"Influenced":[539],"media":[541,791],"news":[542],"stereotypes":[544,820,849],"received":[554],"little":[555,612],"supervision":[556],"thus":[560],"acting":[561],"reckless.":[562],"innocent":[568],"simpler":[570],"care":[576],"less":[577],"material":[579],"pursuit":[580],"comparison.\\nThis":[582],"identified":[584,799],"four":[585],"reasons":[586],"separated":[589],"rejected":[591],"frequently":[596],"mention":[597],"reason":[598],"huge":[601,630,755],"difference":[602,631,653],"culture,":[604],"lifestyle":[605],"custom.":[607],"Participants,":[608],"particularly":[609],"those":[610],"children,":[613,681],"afraid":[615],"negatively":[620],"affect":[621],"young":[623,779,808],"Some":[625,699],"living":[633],"standard":[634],"automatically":[636],"gradually":[638],"people.":[644],"A":[645],"small":[646],"regarded":[650,664],"institutional":[652],"Hukou":[655],"status.":[656],"\\t\\nParticipants":[657],"stigmatized":[658,701],"mainly":[661],"themselves":[665],"ingroup.":[668],"Based":[669],"ingroup":[672],"favoritism":[673],"theory,":[674],"people":[676],"outgroup,":[679],"when":[682],"perceive":[684],"potential":[685],"threats":[686,690],"them.":[688],"Potential":[689],"cultural":[692],"invasion":[693],"occupying":[695],"resources.":[698],"like":[705],"maintain":[707,729],"quo.":[710],"Urban":[711],"absolute":[716],"advantageous":[717],"position":[718],"justified":[724],"hoping":[727],"advantage.":[731],"\\n\\n4.":[732],"Implication":[733],"\\n\\nThis":[734],"consistent":[738],"literature":[741],"happened":[748],"almost":[749],"automatically.":[750],"automatic":[752],"nature":[753],"posed":[754],"difficulty":[756],"reducing":[758],"change":[771],"should":[775,836,856],"target":[776],"generation":[780],"who":[781],"still":[783],"forming":[784],"views.":[786],"popular":[789],"site":[792],"China,":[794],"Sina":[795],"Weibo,":[796],"therefore":[798],"ideal":[802],"platform":[803],"its":[806],"large":[807],"users.":[809],"\\nThe":[810],"suggested":[812,850],"campaign":[816,835],"contrasts":[818],"incorrect":[822],"beliefs":[823],"effective,":[832],"provide":[837],"information":[838,865],"examples":[840],"inconsistent":[846],"key":[853],"findings.":[854],"focus":[858],"providing":[864],"relieves":[867],"concerns":[869],"give":[871],"rise":[872],"separation":[876]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
