{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1150236264","doi":null,"title":"A Case Study of IRADA: Its Impact on the Development and Enhancing the Legitimacy of Home-Based Businesses in Key Poverty Areas in Jordan","display_name":"A Case Study of IRADA: Its Impact on the Development and Enhancing the Legitimacy of Home-Based Businesses in Key Poverty Areas in Jordan","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1150236264","mag":"1150236264"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-6481","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","pdf_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037384772","display_name":"Al Attar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","display_name":"Brigham Young University","ror":"https://ror.org/047rhhm47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Al Attar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Brigham Young Univ"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Brigham Young Univ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059376047","display_name":"Zaid S. Hussein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaid S. Hussein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7239,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80959493,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11257","display_name":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","score":0.8320000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11257","display_name":"Taxation and Compliance Studies","score":0.8320000171661377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12786","display_name":"Innovation and Socioeconomic Development","score":0.06400000303983688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1403","display_name":"Business and International Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.03550000116229057,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-based-business","display_name":"home-based business","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-economy","display_name":"informal economy","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legitimacy","display_name":"legitimacy","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty-stricken-areas","display_name":"poverty-stricken areas","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-business-development","display_name":"small business development","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/specialized-training","display_name":"specialized training","score":0.8960000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government-assistance-programs","display_name":"government support programs","score":0.49000000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jordan","display_name":"Jordan","score":0.8370000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46295352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207982","display_name":"Legitimacy","level":3,"score":0.8302134871482849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.7765430212020874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64089585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944235","display_name":"Informal sector","level":2,"score":0.7335851192474365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6082357168197632},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5370361804962158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4654902219772339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.4189395010471344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.3379251956939697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2727399468421936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21818631887435913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.07528230547904968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-6481","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","pdf_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.1034.2427","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.1034.2427","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article%3D6481%26context%3Detd","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:1150236264","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6481&context=etd","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarsarchive.byu.edu:etd-6481","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","pdf_url":"https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5482","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196308","display_name":"ScholarsArchive  (Brigham Young University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I100005738","host_organization_name":"Brigham Young University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100005738"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Theses and Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9211000204086304,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"},{"score":0.8928999900817871,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1","display_name":"No poverty"},{"score":0.8046000003814697,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1150236264.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1150236264.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":82,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12202750","https://openalex.org/W59989313","https://openalex.org/W128103503","https://openalex.org/W303249254","https://openalex.org/W568672666","https://openalex.org/W624159089","https://openalex.org/W1508030085","https://openalex.org/W1527311855","https://openalex.org/W1536479192","https://openalex.org/W1536661041","https://openalex.org/W1584337561","https://openalex.org/W1590863605","https://openalex.org/W1603688502","https://openalex.org/W1604076496","https://openalex.org/W1768809220","https://openalex.org/W1776455784","https://openalex.org/W1892465382","https://openalex.org/W1963185763","https://openalex.org/W1965278510","https://openalex.org/W1970326724","https://openalex.org/W1971805457","https://openalex.org/W1977978602","https://openalex.org/W1982842959","https://openalex.org/W1986331110","https://openalex.org/W1992359737","https://openalex.org/W1997985546","https://openalex.org/W2003457148","https://openalex.org/W2005823906","https://openalex.org/W2010695531","https://openalex.org/W2012246192","https://openalex.org/W2013537293","https://openalex.org/W2017125814","https://openalex.org/W2017306611","https://openalex.org/W2021458004","https://openalex.org/W2021616193","https://openalex.org/W2026399745","https://openalex.org/W2029558394","https://openalex.org/W2030251465","https://openalex.org/W2030966025","https://openalex.org/W2031626068","https://openalex.org/W2039697586","https://openalex.org/W2041974265","https://openalex.org/W2042893014","https://openalex.org/W2044020471","https://openalex.org/W2045586702","https://openalex.org/W2049156262","https://openalex.org/W2056683859","https://openalex.org/W2066354672","https://openalex.org/W2068119493","https://openalex.org/W2068367152","https://openalex.org/W2070631745","https://openalex.org/W2073636855","https://openalex.org/W2074196586","https://openalex.org/W2076508217","https://openalex.org/W2078665030","https://openalex.org/W2079847775","https://openalex.org/W2085253317","https://openalex.org/W2089030855","https://openalex.org/W2101554928","https://openalex.org/W2111930278","https://openalex.org/W2115497642","https://openalex.org/W2116044921","https://openalex.org/W2127501090","https://openalex.org/W2127949125","https://openalex.org/W2128385390","https://openalex.org/W2129658695","https://openalex.org/W2129874640","https://openalex.org/W2133246388","https://openalex.org/W2154888854","https://openalex.org/W2159666442","https://openalex.org/W2162412465","https://openalex.org/W2165642667","https://openalex.org/W2318221878","https://openalex.org/W2327257240","https://openalex.org/W2328508119","https://openalex.org/W2329299893","https://openalex.org/W2330863759","https://openalex.org/W2891129865","https://openalex.org/W3123071216","https://openalex.org/W3124182182","https://openalex.org/W3125197668","https://openalex.org/W3214833809"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2286669155","https://openalex.org/W2790641915","https://openalex.org/W3173908650","https://openalex.org/W2912761361","https://openalex.org/W7208569737","https://openalex.org/W4309378712","https://openalex.org/W4400707003","https://openalex.org/W7019702891","https://openalex.org/W2966734659","https://openalex.org/W7113578336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"researchers":[1],"have":[2],"investigated":[3],"the":[4,7,17,32,104,130,151],"phenomenon":[5],"of":[6,65,74,106,126],"informal":[8,18,33,87,131,152],"economy":[9,19,132,153],"and":[10,82,98,154],"rec-ommended":[11],"impractical":[12],"interventions":[13],"such":[14],"as":[15],"controlling":[16],"or":[20],"formalizing":[21,159],"it.":[22,160],"However,":[23],"most":[24],"research":[25],"has":[26],"missed":[27],"another":[28],"strategy":[29],"for":[30,103,129],"helping":[31],"economy,":[34],"which":[35],"involves":[36],"achieving":[37],"legitimacy.":[38],"This":[39],"study":[40,73],"uses":[41],"unique":[42,113],"data":[43],"from":[44],"a":[45,63,71,124],"Jordanian":[46],"government":[47],"organi-zation":[48],"named":[49],"IRADA":[50],"designed":[51],"to":[52,77,83,85,115,148],"help":[53,78,149],"small,":[54],"home-based":[55,60,79,107,117],"businesses.":[56,108],"Data":[57],"on":[58],"345":[59],"businesses":[61,80,118],"representing":[62],"range":[64],"poor":[66],"areas":[67],"across":[68],"Jordan":[69,147],"provide":[70],"case":[72],"IRADA's":[75,112,138],"strategies":[76],"succeed":[81],"contribute":[84],"legitimate":[86],"econo-mies":[88],"in":[89,119,143],"these":[90],"areas.":[91],"Logistic":[92],"regression":[93],"analysis":[94],"reveals":[95],"how":[96],"marketing":[97],"specialized":[99],"training":[100],"are":[101],"important":[102],"success":[105],"Findings":[109],"suggest":[110,136],"that":[111,137],"approach":[114,139],"legitimating":[116],"an":[120],"innovative":[121],"way":[122],"represents":[123],"set":[125],"best":[127],"practices":[128],"field.":[133],"They":[134],"also":[135],"may":[140],"be":[141],"applied":[142],"contexts":[144],"other":[145],"than":[146],"enhance":[150],"make":[155],"it":[156],"tractable":[157],"without":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}