{"id":"https://openalex.org/W113210852","doi":null,"title":"The Causes and Effects of Preferences for Party Government: A New Test of Policy Balancing*","display_name":"The Causes and Effects of Preferences for Party Government: A New Test of Policy Balancing*","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W113210852","mag":"113210852"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.569.479","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.569.479","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.unc.edu/~carsey/research/workingpapers/Layman_Carsey_Rundquist_apsa2001.pdf","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003887862","display_name":"Geoffrey C. Layman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-920X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5955-920X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoffrey C. Layman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014078266","display_name":"Thomas M. Carsey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-1246","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-1246"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103163165","display_name":"Florida State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05g3dte14","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas M. Carsey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Florida State University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7564-1246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Florida State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103163165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036393739","display_name":"Barry S. Rundquist","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39422238","display_name":"University of Illinois Chicago","ror":"https://ror.org/02mpq6x41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Barry S. Rundquist","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Illinois at Chicago"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Illinois at Chicago","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39422238"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88326769,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/divided-government","display_name":"divided government","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voter-preferences","display_name":"voter preferences","score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideological-polarization","display_name":"ideological polarization","score":0.5619999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-identification","display_name":"party identification","score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-theory","display_name":"spatial theory","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/american-politics","display_name":"American politics","score":0.3889999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6527791619300842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6079080104827881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.413756787776947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.40537840127944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.36863985657691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.32992368936538696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.32479462027549744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.569.479","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.569.479","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.unc.edu/~carsey/research/workingpapers/Layman_Carsey_Rundquist_apsa2001.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:113210852","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.unc.edu/~carsey/research/workingpapers/Layman_Carsey_Rundquist_apsa2001.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4399999976158142}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32333956","https://openalex.org/W1988840891","https://openalex.org/W1992893029","https://openalex.org/W2009927633","https://openalex.org/W2012737176","https://openalex.org/W2052977165","https://openalex.org/W2063163557","https://openalex.org/W2067952713","https://openalex.org/W2090939951","https://openalex.org/W2095999634","https://openalex.org/W2129935136","https://openalex.org/W2144587806","https://openalex.org/W2322337103","https://openalex.org/W2323021782","https://openalex.org/W2326299428","https://openalex.org/W2333248515","https://openalex.org/W3125554979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028307618","https://openalex.org/W2122373540","https://openalex.org/W2781020801","https://openalex.org/W2317209516","https://openalex.org/W2566158625","https://openalex.org/W6902742508","https://openalex.org/W2165994573","https://openalex.org/W2333081681","https://openalex.org/W2081739946","https://openalex.org/W2333248515"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Divided":[0],"party":[1,30,202],"control":[2,84,102],"of":[3,10,20,53,61,85,103,166,174,178,199],"government":[4,45,82],"has":[5,36],"become":[6],"a":[7,58,81],"defining":[8],"feature":[9],"American":[11],"politics":[12],"over":[13],"the":[14,33,54,72,77,88,93,100,105,108,147,167,179],"last":[15],"two":[16,94],"decades.":[17],"A":[18],"number":[19],"hypotheses\u2013both":[21],"structural":[22],"and":[23,87,112,116,119,137,189,218],"electoral\u2013have":[24],"been":[25,37],"offered":[26],"to":[27,64,96],"explain":[28],"split":[29,91],"control,":[31,203],"but":[32,204],"most":[34,155],"provocative":[35],"Fiorina\u2019s":[38],"(1988,":[39],"1992,":[40],"1996)":[41],"argument":[42],"that":[43,66],"divided":[44,182],"results":[46],"from":[47],"purposive":[48],"behavior":[49],"by":[50,80,133],"some":[51,67],"portion":[52],"electorate.":[55],"He":[56],"presents":[57],"spatial":[59],"theory":[60,170],"policy":[62,148,168],"balancing":[63,149,169],"show":[65],"voters\u2013principally":[68],"moderates":[69],"who":[70],"see":[71],"parties":[73,95],"as":[74],"ideologically":[75],"polarized\u2013prefer":[76],"policies":[78],"produced":[79,98],"where":[83],"Congress":[86],"Presidency":[89],"is":[90],"between":[92],"those":[97],"under":[99],"unified":[101],"either":[104],"Democrats":[106],"or":[107,171],"Republicans":[109],"(see":[110],"Ingberman":[111],"Villani":[113],"1993;":[114],"Alesina":[115],"Rosenthal":[117],"1995;":[118],"Erikson":[120],"1988":[121],"for":[122,181,201],"similar":[123],"arguments).":[124],"These":[125],"voters":[126,214],"act,":[127],"perhaps":[128],"unconsciously,":[129],"on":[130,141,213],"these":[131,159,210],"preferences":[132,200,211],"splitting":[134],"their":[135],"presidential":[136],"congressional":[138],"t":[139],"ickets":[140],"election":[142],"day.":[143],"Though":[144],"compelling":[145],"logically,":[146],"thesis":[150],"receives":[151],"scant":[152],"support":[153],"in":[154],"empirical":[156],"analyses.":[157],"However,":[158],"efforts":[160],"generally":[161],"offer":[162],"only":[163],"indirect":[164],"tests":[165],"make":[172],"use":[173],"flawed":[175],"direct":[176],"measures":[177,198],"preference":[180],"government.":[183],"Recent":[184],"studies":[185],"(Lacy":[186],"1998;":[187,191],"Lacy":[188],"Paolino":[190],"Smith":[192],"et":[193],"al.":[194],"1999)":[195],"develop":[196],"better":[197],"they":[205],"do":[206],"not":[207],"examine":[208],"whether":[209],"depend":[212],"\u2019":[215],"ideological":[216],"locations":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}