{"id":"https://openalex.org/W111706540","doi":null,"title":"Assessment of nitrate contamination in groundwater of a shallow aquifer in Kathmandu, Nepal","display_name":"Assessment of nitrate contamination in groundwater of a shallow aquifer in Kathmandu, Nepal","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W111706540","mag":"111706540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:111706540","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/DR_Pathak/publication/233916442_Assessment_of_nitrate_contamination_in_groundwater_of_a_shallow_aquifer_in_Kathmandu_Nepal/links/0046352b07b4bee9b7000000.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764497680","display_name":"IAHS-AISH publication","issn_l":"0144-7815","issn":["0144-7815"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697897","host_organization_name":"International Association of Hydrological Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Association of Hydrological Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IAHS-AISH publication","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036263400","display_name":"Dhundi Raj Pathak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4488-1519","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4488-1519"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dhundi Raj Pathak","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4488-1519","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Akira Hiratsuka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akira Hiratsuka","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023486490","display_name":"Isao Awata","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isao Awata","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"178","last_page":"183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.5189999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11634","display_name":"Water Quality and Pollution Assessment","score":0.5189999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.43950000405311584,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12773","display_name":"Water Quality and Resources Studies","score":0.01810000091791153,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate-pollution","display_name":"nitrate contamination","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-quality","display_name":"groundwater quality","score":0.8949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shallow-aquifers","display_name":"shallow aquifers","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kathmandu-valley","display_name":"Kathmandu Valley","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-pollution","display_name":"anthropogenic pollution","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/well-water-quality","display_name":"well water quality","score":0.4869999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"land use","score":0.6790000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-table-depth","display_name":"water table depth","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dug-wells","display_name":"dug wells","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tube-wells","display_name":"tube wells","score":0.7239999771118164}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76177295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598","display_name":"Groundwater","level":2,"score":0.8629210591316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776384668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168","display_name":"Nitrate","level":2,"score":0.8322932720184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75622301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791","display_name":"Aquifer","level":3,"score":0.8086423873901367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39769621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3342272","display_name":"Water table","level":3,"score":0.7026767134666443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6322162747383118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112570922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60528603","display_name":"Contamination","level":2,"score":0.6073900461196899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118416809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43483","display_name":"Water well","level":3,"score":0.5961310267448425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.5634675621986389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3313244581222534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.11300358176231384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0570242702960968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:111706540","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.researchgate.net/profile/DR_Pathak/publication/233916442_Assessment_of_nitrate_contamination_in_groundwater_of_a_shallow_aquifer_in_Kathmandu_Nepal/links/0046352b07b4bee9b7000000.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764497680","display_name":"IAHS-AISH publication","issn_l":"0144-7815","issn":["0144-7815"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4322697897","host_organization_name":"International Association of Hydrological Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4322697897"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["International Association of Hydrological Sciences"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IAHS-AISH publication","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W159604977","https://openalex.org/W1577862782","https://openalex.org/W1997125881","https://openalex.org/W2006458556","https://openalex.org/W2028791425","https://openalex.org/W2089686530"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2136905626","https://openalex.org/W2089984573","https://openalex.org/W4381926359","https://openalex.org/W2323278924","https://openalex.org/W2327945041","https://openalex.org/W2255522160","https://openalex.org/W1577862782","https://openalex.org/W3110286926","https://openalex.org/W1984131637","https://openalex.org/W270762362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nitrate":[0],"is":[1,130],"commonly":[2],"used":[3],"as":[4],"an":[5],"environmental":[6],"indicator":[7],"to":[8,58,77],"trace":[9],"the":[10,23,27,60,66,84,90,98],"impact":[11],"of":[12,22,29,54,65,72,83,97,107,110,119,136,143],"anthropogenic":[13,87],"activities":[14],"on":[15,141],"groundwater.":[16],"Hence,":[17],"a":[18,30,79],"survey":[19],"was":[20],"made":[21],"nitrate":[24,67,91,128],"concentrations":[25],"in":[26,33,69,132],"groundwater":[28,74,134],"shallow":[31,40,73,133],"aquifer":[32],"Kathmandu":[34],"valley":[35],"from":[36],"90":[37],"wells,":[38,42],"including":[39],"tube":[41],"dug":[43],"wells":[44,100,115],"and":[45,63,76,86,124,148],"stone":[46],"spouts":[47],"(locally":[48],"called":[49],"dhunge":[50],"dharas).":[51],"The":[52,93],"aims":[53],"this":[55],"study":[56,94],"are":[57],"describe":[59],"current":[61],"status":[62],"trends":[64],"contamination":[68,129],"different":[70],"sources":[71],"systems":[75,135],"provide":[78],"sound,":[80],"scientific":[81],"understanding":[82],"natural":[85],"factors":[88],"affecting":[89],"contamination.":[92],"indicates":[95],"16%":[96],"sampled":[99],"exceeded":[101],"World":[102],"Health":[103],"Organization":[104],"(WHO)":[105],"guidelines":[106],"10":[108,125],"mg/L":[109],"nitrate-nitrogen;":[111],"however,":[112],"another":[113],"33%":[114],"have":[116],"impacted":[117],"levels":[118],"nitrate,":[120],"i.e.":[121],"between":[122],"2":[123],"mg/L.":[126],"Although,":[127],"widespread":[131],"Kathmandu,":[137],"its":[138],"concentration":[139],"depends":[140],"depth":[142],"water":[144],"table,":[145],"well":[146],"types":[147],"land":[149],"use.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
