{"id":"https://openalex.org/W111190169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","title":"The mast cell activator Compound 48/80 is a potent adjuvant for intradermally-administered anthrax protective antigen. (41.12)","display_name":"The mast cell activator Compound 48/80 is a potent adjuvant for intradermally-administered anthrax protective antigen. (41.12)","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W111190169","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","mag":"111190169"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38008053","display_name":"The Journal of Immunology","issn_l":"0022-1767","issn":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800377","host_organization_name":"American Association of Immunologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800377"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Immunologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-abstract","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084873157","display_name":"Afton L. McGowen","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Afton McGowen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051395146","display_name":"Nicole A. Paraggio","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicole A Paraggio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ashley E Sobel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashley E Sobel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089920456","display_name":"Shaun M. Kirwan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaun M Kirwan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078024279","display_name":"Chris P. Shelburne","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chris P Shelburne","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","2Pathology, Duke University, 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Pathology, Duke University, 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090928660","display_name":"Salvatore Vincent Pizzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-3118","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-3118"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore V Pizzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 301M Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","3Pathology, Duke University, 301M Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 301M Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"3Pathology, Duke University, 301M Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030259389","display_name":"Soman N. Abraham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1662-2096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1662-2096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soman N Abraham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","2Pathology, Duke University, 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"2Pathology, Duke University, 255 Jones Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047863309","display_name":"Herman F. Staats","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-1087","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1039-1087"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Herman F Staats","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pathology, Duke University , 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Pathology, Duke University, 346 Davison Bldg, Durham, NC, 27710,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"],"apc_list":{"value":3500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"178","issue":"1_Supplement","first_page":"S32","last_page":"S32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10580","display_name":"Immunotherapy and Immune Responses","score":0.6826000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.24580000340938568,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11346","display_name":"Mast cells and histamine","score":0.01269999984651804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compound-48-80","display_name":"compound 48/80","score":0.9570000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vaccine-adjuvants","display_name":"vaccine adjuvants","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthrax-protective-antigen","display_name":"anthrax protective antigen","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intradermal-vaccination","display_name":"intradermal vaccination","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpg-oligodeoxynucleotides","display_name":"CpG oligodeoxynucleotides","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/injection-site-inflammation","display_name":"injection site inflammation","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dendritic-cell-trafficking","display_name":"dendritic cell trafficking","score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c3h-hen-mice","display_name":"C3H/HeN mice","score":0.8700000047683716}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777289321","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4007170","display_name":"Anthrax vaccines","level":5,"score":0.7076367735862732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22801619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477471","display_name":"CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide","level":5,"score":0.7050338983535767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777863537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357896","display_name":"Adjuvant","level":2,"score":0.7000638246536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32611913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2166189","display_name":"Titer","level":3,"score":0.5797004103660583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779726688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191989","display_name":"Mast cell","level":2,"score":0.5638386011123657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147483822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103537","display_name":"Antigen","level":2,"score":0.5460417866706848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.4991014003753662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159654299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460","display_name":"Antibody","level":2,"score":0.44832366704940796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153911025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202","display_name":"Molecular biology","level":1,"score":0.44621896743774414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41810244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1935986","display_name":"Anthrax toxin","level":5,"score":0.4314389228820801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88045685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174576","display_name":"Activator (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.425433874130249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4060898423194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780801004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1415366","display_name":"Immunization","level":3,"score":0.38907697796821594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3865766227245331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2713887691497803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.19659742712974548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.18793809413909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.10857546329498291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.08827000856399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123894998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425158","display_name":"Fusion protein","level":4,"score":0.07752224802970886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190727270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q874745","display_name":"DNA methylation","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150194340","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26972","display_name":"Gene expression","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167508917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578537","display_name":"DNA vaccination","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","doi":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.178.supp.41.12","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S38008053","display_name":"The Journal of Immunology","issn_l":"0022-1767","issn":["0022-1767","1550-6606"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4320800377","host_organization_name":"American Association of Immunologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4320800377"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Immunologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Journal of Immunology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2088919776","https://openalex.org/W2165780471","https://openalex.org/W2066409286","https://openalex.org/W2047315864","https://openalex.org/W1984031649","https://openalex.org/W2110883110","https://openalex.org/W1162815287","https://openalex.org/W1967077525","https://openalex.org/W2002159011","https://openalex.org/W2803703852"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Recent":[1],"studies":[2],"have":[3],"reported":[4],"that":[5,30,222],"mast":[6,31,72,223],"cells":[7,16],"play":[8],"a":[9,71,84],"role":[10],"in":[11,45,200],"the":[12,28,46],"trafficking":[13],"of":[14,24,110,124,143,175,188],"dendritic":[15],"and":[17],"lymphocytes":[18],"to":[19,94],"lymph":[20],"nodes":[21],"draining":[22],"sites":[23],"infection.":[25],"To":[26],"test":[27],"hypothesis":[29],"cell":[32,73,224],"activators":[33,225],"could":[34],"be":[35],"used":[36,82],"as":[37,83],"vaccine":[38,228],"adjuvants,":[39],"C3H/HeN":[40],"mice":[41,113,165,178,201],"were":[42,198],"intradermally":[43,233],"vaccinated":[44,202],"ear":[47,107,122,141],"on":[48],"days":[49],"0":[50],"&":[51],"21":[52],"with":[53,64,101,115,134,167,180,203,210],"0.5":[54],"\u03bcg":[55,66],"recombinant":[56],"anthrax":[57,216],"protective":[58],"antigen":[59],"(rPA)":[60],"alone":[61,103,169],"or":[62],"combined":[63],"30":[65],"compound":[67],"48/80":[68,119,157,184,214],"(C":[69],"48/80),":[70],"activator.":[74],"CpG":[75,137,206,241],"oligodeoxynucleotide":[76],"(CpG":[77],"ODN,":[78],"1":[79],"\u03bcg)":[80],"was":[81,88],"control.":[85],"Ear":[86],"swelling":[87,153],"monitored":[89],"24":[90],"hours":[91],"after":[92],"immunization":[93],"measure":[95],"injection":[96,237],"site":[97,238],"inflammation.":[98],"Mice":[99,132],"immunized":[100,114,133,166,179],"rPA":[102,116,130,135,204,211],"had":[104,120,139,170,185],"an":[105,121,140],"average":[106],"thickness":[108,123,142],"(mm)":[109],"0.0059":[111],"while":[112,177,234],"+":[117,136,182,212],"C":[118,156,183,213],"0.0426":[125],"(p":[126,145,158,190],"<":[127,146,159,191],"0.001":[128,147],"vs":[129,148,193],"alone).":[131,195],"ODN":[138],"0.1519":[144],"rPA),":[149],"significantly":[150],"greater":[151],"than":[152,240],"induced":[154,209],"by":[155],"0.001).":[160],"Day":[161],"42":[162],"serum":[163,171],"from":[164],"PA":[168,181,194],"anti-PA":[172,186],"IgG":[173],"titers":[174,187,197],"1:27,238":[176],"1:10,568,984":[189],".001":[192],"Similar":[196],"detected":[199],"plus":[205],"ODN.":[207,242],"Antibodies":[208],"neutralized":[215],"lethal":[217],"toxin.":[218],"Our":[219],"findings":[220],"suggest":[221],"provide":[226],"effective":[227],"adjuvant":[229],"activity":[230],"when":[231],"delivered":[232],"inducing":[235],"less":[236],"inflammation":[239]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-09-29T14:09:16.559479","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}