{"id":"https://openalex.org/W110933399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","title":"Women\u2019s and Girls\u2019 Sports in Turkey","display_name":"Women\u2019s and Girls\u2019 Sports in Turkey","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W110933399","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","mag":"110933399"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764419166","display_name":"Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal","issn_l":"1063-6161","issn":["1063-6161","1938-1581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060577641","display_name":"Habibe Serap \u0130nal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1818-121X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1818-121X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100072489","display_name":"Yeditepe University","ror":"https://ror.org/025mx2575","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100072489"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"H. Serap INAL","raw_affiliation_strings":["Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey","1Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100072489"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"1Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100072489"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060577641"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100072489"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.02810437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"2","first_page":"76","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10942","display_name":"Sports, Gender, and Society","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13488","display_name":"Recreational Sport and Physical Activity","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3319","display_name":"Life-span and Life-course Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13296","display_name":"Sociology, History and Politics of Sport","score":0.0019000000320374966,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-sports","display_name":"women's sports","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/girls-sports","display_name":"girls' sports","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-gap-in-sport","display_name":"gender gap in sport","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-participation","display_name":"sports participation","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sports-facilities","display_name":"sports facilities","score":0.5},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkish-football-federation","display_name":"Turkish Football Federation","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/socioeconomic-status","display_name":"socioeconomic status","score":0.6079999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/educational-attainment","display_name":"educational attainment","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turkey","display_name":"Turkey","score":0.5139999985694885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781121862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256","display_name":"Turkish","level":2,"score":0.7535099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781054738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4813730","display_name":"Athletes","level":2,"score":0.6821680068969727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778444522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1081491","display_name":"Football","level":2,"score":0.666363000869751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110269972","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184872","display_name":"Recreation","level":2,"score":0.6348342895507812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.6148884296417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775987171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192797","display_name":"Elite","level":3,"score":0.5936529636383057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.54340660572052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.4606040120124817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.4370507001876831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017797855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937857","display_name":"Football players","level":3,"score":0.4170880615711212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3086959719657898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2010570764541626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.17706435918807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10152202844619751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1862650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186005","display_name":"Physical therapy","level":1,"score":0.09856367111206055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.08531138300895691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0795501172542572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1123/wspaj.20.2.76","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764419166","display_name":"Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal","issn_l":"1063-6161","issn":["1063-6161","1938-1581"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310322142","host_organization_name":"Human Kinetics","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310322142"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Human Kinetics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Women in Sport and Physical Activity Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.7307999730110168,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977079675","https://openalex.org/W2009660782","https://openalex.org/W2118976957","https://openalex.org/W2135375808"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3149601784","https://openalex.org/W3191819835","https://openalex.org/W3154576197","https://openalex.org/W7112131754","https://openalex.org/W2948079147","https://openalex.org/W1992329491","https://openalex.org/W3215917841","https://openalex.org/W3150431515","https://openalex.org/W2025017920","https://openalex.org/W1902863675"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,109],"Turkey,":[1],"as":[2,78],"a":[3,9],"secular":[4],"Muslim":[5],"country,":[6],"women":[7,122],"have":[8],"modern,":[10],"contemporary":[11],"lifestyle":[12],"but":[13],"are":[14,72],"also":[15,102],"attached":[16],"to":[17,86],"their":[18],"traditions":[19],"and":[20,29,40,47,55,62,70,84,90,123,127],"customs.":[21],"Although":[22],"sport":[23],"in":[24,119,125],"Turkey":[25],"is":[26,101,132],"being":[27],"encouraged":[28],"supported":[30],"by":[31,82],"the":[32,43,50,53,75,87,94,110],"state":[33],"through":[34],"The":[35,96],"Directorate":[36],"General":[37],"of":[38,57,93,99],"Youth":[39],"Sports":[41],"(DGYS),":[42],"Turkish":[44],"Football":[45],"Federation,":[46],"sports":[48,58,100],"clubs,":[49],"gap":[51],"between":[52],"facilities":[54],"number":[56],"provided":[59],"for":[60],"male":[61],"female":[63],"athletes":[64],"can":[65],"easily":[66],"be":[67],"seen.":[68],"Women":[69],"girls":[71,124],"not":[73,133],"receiving":[74],"same":[76],"opportunities":[77],"men,":[79],"which":[80],"differ":[81],"region":[83],"according":[85],"socioeconomic":[88],"status":[89],"education":[91],"level":[92],"people.":[95],"families\u2019":[97],"view":[98],"an":[103,117],"important":[104],"factor":[105],"affecting":[106],"girls\u2019":[107],"sports.":[108],"past":[111],"two":[112],"decades":[113],"there":[114],"has":[115],"been":[116],"increase":[118],"participation":[120],"among":[121],"elite":[126],"recreational":[128],"sports,":[129],"however":[130],"this":[131],"satisfactory.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}