{"id":"https://openalex.org/W11034591","doi":null,"title":"Melanogenesis by human uveal melanocytes in vitro.","display_name":"Melanogenesis by human uveal melanocytes in vitro.","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W11034591","mag":"11034591","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7706042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmid:7706042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7706042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052214110","display_name":"Dan\u2010Ning Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-8739","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7046-8739"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799431996","display_name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00tcb9k97","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D N Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110157951","display_name":"S A McCormick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799431996","display_name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00tcb9k97","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S A McCormick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059394217","display_name":"Seth J. Orlow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2548-7380","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2548-7380"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799431996","display_name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00tcb9k97","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S J Orlow","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001903273","display_name":"Susana Rosemblat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799431996","display_name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00tcb9k97","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S Rosemblat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Y Lin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799431996","display_name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00tcb9k97","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Y Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072399118","display_name":"K. Wo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799431996","display_name":"New York Eye and Ear Infirmary","ror":"https://ror.org/00tcb9k97","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K Wo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, NY 10003, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799431996"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53426602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"5","first_page":"931","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11144","display_name":"melanin and skin pigmentation","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11144","display_name":"melanin and skin pigmentation","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11328","display_name":"Ocular Oncology and Treatments","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11194","display_name":"Ocular Diseases and Beh\u00e7et\u2019s Syndrome","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melanin-synthesis","display_name":"melanogenesis","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uveal-melanocytes","display_name":"uveal melanocytes","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-pigmentation","display_name":"iris pigmentation","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tyrosinase-activity","display_name":"tyrosinase activity","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/melanosomes","display_name":"melanosomes","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultured-melanocytes","display_name":"cultured melanocytes","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iris-color","display_name":"iris color","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107538193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187526","display_name":"Melanin","level":2,"score":0.9643967151641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94435474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1065756","display_name":"Melanosome","level":3,"score":0.8602553606033325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.7332203984260559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776713392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278859","display_name":"Uvea","level":3,"score":0.7188806533813477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779769559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q247101","display_name":"Melanocyte","level":3,"score":0.7165563106536865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87554066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85942926","display_name":"Tyrosinase","level":3,"score":0.6681991219520569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.6294147372245789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779503344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5973514","display_name":"IRIS (biosensor)","level":3,"score":0.5004401206970215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776458010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23786","display_name":"Eye color","level":3,"score":0.47790154814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3996393382549286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3862530589103699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777658100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180614","display_name":"Melanoma","level":2,"score":0.363511860370636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.34953707456588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.15694409608840942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.11060979962348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.09776380658149719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.08907398581504822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.07938751578330994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184297639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177765","display_name":"Biometrics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002478","descriptor_name":"Cells, Cultured","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005127","descriptor_name":"Eye Color","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007498","descriptor_name":"Iris","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007498","descriptor_name":"Iris","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008543","descriptor_name":"Melanins","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008544","descriptor_name":"Melanocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000166","qualifier_name":"cytology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008544","descriptor_name":"Melanocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010858","descriptor_name":"Pigmentation","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014442","descriptor_name":"Monophenol Monooxygenase","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044383","descriptor_name":"Black People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D044465","descriptor_name":"White People","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmid:7706042","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7706042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Investigative ophthalmology & visual science","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"mag:11034591","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7706042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8048999905586243}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4340708010","display_name":"Pathogenesis of Ocular Albinism","funder_award_id":"R01EY010223","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","funder_display_name":"National Eye Institute"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337350","display_name":"National Eye Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03wkg3b53"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W66712038","https://openalex.org/W1557847147","https://openalex.org/W1720145358","https://openalex.org/W1973439201","https://openalex.org/W1974268067","https://openalex.org/W1980015733","https://openalex.org/W1981142105","https://openalex.org/W2054666183","https://openalex.org/W2083764313","https://openalex.org/W2411031570","https://openalex.org/W2427814857"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353295108","https://openalex.org/W1503853200","https://openalex.org/W2140568044","https://openalex.org/W2164668280","https://openalex.org/W1176613981","https://openalex.org/W113172329","https://openalex.org/W70061047","https://openalex.org/W2085408843","https://openalex.org/W2099465138","https://openalex.org/W2293940324"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"PURPOSE:":[0],"To":[1],"study":[2],"melanogenesis":[3,170],"by":[4,15],"cultured":[5,37,106,160],"human":[6],"uveal":[7,16,38,56,99,107,136,144,161,172],"melanocytes,":[8],"and":[9,33,68],"the":[10,21,88,94,98],"relationship":[11],"between":[12],"melanin":[13,31,63,73,130,140],"production":[14,84,131],"melanocytes":[17,39,57,100,108,137,145,162,173],"in":[18,26,74,77,132,141,171,174],"vitro":[19],"with":[20,87,125,129],"degree":[22,89],"of":[23,36,43,52,62,72,90,93,105,149],"iris":[24,45,91,126,151],"pigmentation":[25,92,127],"vivo.":[27],"METHODS:":[28],"Melanin":[29,83],"content,":[30,64],"production,":[32],"tyrosinase":[34,66],"activity":[35,104],"derived":[40],"from":[41,96,109,147],"eyes":[42,95,148],"various":[44],"color":[46,152],"were":[47,80,101],"measured":[48],"at":[49],"different":[50,78,150],"stages":[51,79],"cultivation.":[53],"RESULTS:":[54],"Cultured":[55,135,143],"maintained":[58,153],"a":[59],"constant":[60],"level":[61],"expressed":[65],"activity,":[67],"produced":[69],"measurable":[70],"amounts":[71],"vitro.":[75,133,142,175],"Melanosomes":[76],"seen":[81],"ultrastructurally.":[82],"correlated":[85],"directly":[86],"which":[97],"isolated.":[102],"Tyrosinase":[103],"black":[110],"versus":[111],"white":[112,119],"donors":[113],"was":[114,122],"significantly":[115],"different,":[116],"but,":[117],"among":[118],"donors,":[120],"there":[121],"no":[123],"correlation":[124],"or":[128],"CONCLUSION:":[134],"can":[138],"produce":[139],"isolated":[146],"their":[154],"inherent":[155],"capacity":[156],"for":[157,168],"melanogenesis.":[158],"Therefore,":[159],"are":[163],"an":[164],"excellent":[165],"model":[166],"system":[167],"studying":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}